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1、.小學(xué)英語數(shù)詞及專項訓(xùn)練一、數(shù)詞的分類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?;鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。區(qū)別:基數(shù)詞前面沒有“the”;序數(shù)詞前一定要有“the”。1、超過二十以上的兩位數(shù)需要在個位和十位之間加上“-”。如:21 twenty-one2、用基數(shù)詞來修飾可數(shù)名詞時,一定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:十八個男孩 eighteen boys3、用基數(shù)詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞時,如是復(fù)數(shù),變它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)。如:兩碗米飯 two bowls of rice4、序數(shù)詞一般加“th”,特殊的有:first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelft
2、h;二十及二十以外的整十:twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth “第幾十幾”:前面整十不變,后面“幾”改為序數(shù)詞。如:88 eighty-eighth巧記基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞:1,2,3,特殊記,加th從4起; 8少t,9去e,逢5逢12ve變f;2090,y要變ie;若是幾十幾,前基后序別倒位.二、數(shù)詞的表示方法:基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞對照表1onefirst 1th2twosecond2nd3threethird3rd4fourfourth4th5fivefifth5th6sixsixth6th7sevenseventh7th8eighteighth8th9nineninth9th
3、10tententh10th11eleven eleventh 11th12twelvetwelfth12th13thirteenthirteenth13th14fourteenfourteenth14th15fifteenfifteenth15th16sixteensixteenth16th17seventeenseventeenth17th18eighteeneighteenth18th19nineteennineteenth19th20twentytwentieth20th21twenty-one twenty-first 21st22twenty-twotwenty-second22n
4、d23twenty-threetwenty-third23rd24twenty-fourtwenty-fourth24th25twenty-fivetwenty-fifth25th26twenty-sixtwenty-sixth26th27twenty-seventwenty-seventh27th28twenty-eighttwenty-eighth28th29twenty-ninetwenty-ninth29th30thirtythirtieth30th40fortyfortieth40th50fiftyfiftieth50th60sixtysixtieth60th70seventysev
5、entieth70th80eightyeightieth80th90ninetyninetieth90th100one hundredone hundredth 100th三、數(shù)詞的用法1. 章節(jié)、頁數(shù)的讀法 第一章:the first chapter ; Chapter One 第二節(jié):the second section ; Section Two 第三課:the third lesson ; Lesson Three 第463頁:page four six three 第2564頁:page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four 注意:如果頁碼
6、的數(shù)字較長,通常用基數(shù)詞。 2. 房間、門牌、電話號碼的讀法 第305房間:Room three o(零)five 長安街76號:seventy-six Chang'an Street 電話號碼:204-2244:telephone number two o(零) four two two(double two) four four 十一路公共汽車:Bus(No.) eleven 3. 年代、日期、時刻的讀法 (1)年份是四位數(shù)字時,各分成二位來讀, eg. 公元1995年:1995(=nineteen ninety-five) (2)日期使用一般的序數(shù)詞來讀取 eg. 5月10日:M
7、ay 10th(=May tenth) (3)時刻通常用基數(shù)詞來讀 eg. 8點45分:8: 45(=eight forty-five) (4)年代表示法: eg. 二十世紀(jì)九十年代:1990's nineteen nineties 4. hundred, thousand, million用法: hundred, thousand, million前面有具體數(shù)字,要用單數(shù)形式,但如果它們后面有of,那它們要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,同時,前面不能再加具體的數(shù)目。 eg. two thousand 兩千 thousands of 成千上萬 hundreds of 成百上千 millions of 數(shù)
8、以百萬計 Thousands and thousands of people have visited the city. 成千上萬的人參觀了這座城市。 四、倍數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示方法: 1. 倍數(shù):time(s) This room is three times as large as that one. 這個房間有那個房間三個大。 Three threes are nine. or Three times three is nine. 三三得九。 2. 分?jǐn)?shù): 分子用基數(shù)詞表示,分母用序數(shù)詞表示,分子為2以上時,分母(序數(shù)詞)應(yīng)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。 三分之一,one third, a thi
9、rd; 五分之三,three fifths 數(shù)短語作主語時,謂語的數(shù)由of 后面的名詞來決定,名詞為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),則謂語用復(fù)數(shù);名詞為不可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù)。 A third of the land is covered by forests. Two thirds of the workers are working hard. 3. 小數(shù): 小數(shù)點前的基數(shù)詞與前面所講的基數(shù)詞讀法完全相同,小數(shù)點后面則須將數(shù)字一一讀出。 1.25 讀作 one point two five 0.56 讀作naught point five six或zero point five six 4. 百分?jǐn)?shù): 百分
10、號%讀作 percent eg. 5% 讀作 five percent 五、算式表達(dá)法: 1. 加法 A+B=C A plus B is C. or A and B is C. 2. 減法 AB=C A minus B is C. or B from A is C. 3. 乘法 A×B=C A times B is C. or A multiplied by B is C. 4. 除法 A÷B=C A divided by B is C. 六、需注意的問題: 1. 數(shù)詞名詞用""連在一起作定語,后面名詞不用復(fù)數(shù)。 eg. a four-year-old
11、boy 2. 有些結(jié)構(gòu)既有基數(shù)詞又有序數(shù)詞。 eg. the first three questions the last five minutes 3. 英語中有一些短語包含數(shù)詞,不能從表面上理解它們的意義 eg. one and the only 唯一 be at one with 與 一致 be on all fours 匍匐;趴 Two's company, three is a crowd 二人成伴,三人不歡 one and the same 同一個;完全一樣 for one 舉個例子說 ten to one 十之八九 a thousand to one 十之八九 talk
12、nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不絕 by twos and threes 三三兩兩 in ones and twos 三三兩兩 first and last 總共 first of all 首先 from the first 從一開始 練習(xí):一、漢譯英1、十二個家庭 2、在上午九點 3、在下午4:30 4、在七月 5、第三個孩子 6、第一課 7、六月一日 8、三點零五 9、十二個月 10、三十九美元 11、四分之一 12、五分之二 二、單項選擇1.The tree is tall. A. fourteen
13、 foots B. fourteen feet C. fourteen foot D. forty foot2.Fifty plus . A. fourty is ninety B. forty is ninety C. thirty is ninety D. fifty is ninety3.There ar
14、e students in this school. A. four hundred fifty-twoB. four hundreds fifty twoC. four hundred and fifty-twoD. four hundreds and fifty-two4.My home is about away from the school. A. three hundred metre B. three h
15、undreds metres C. three hundred metres D. three hundred metre5.December is and last month in a year. A.the twelveth B.twelve C.the twelfth D.twelfth6.
16、 of the teachers in the school are from colleges. A.Three quarters B.Two-third C.Two fifth D.Two-ninth7.There were two world wars during century. A.the twenties
17、160; B.the twentieth C.twenties D.twentieth8.In the forties, his father served in the New Army(新四軍),while his mother worked in the Route Army(八路軍). A. Fourth; Eighth
18、60; B.Four; Eighth C.Fourth; eight D.Fourth; eighth9.We are learning now. A.the twenty-first lesson B.Lesson Twenty-first C.the 21 th less
19、on D.Lesson 21 st10.He will stay here for . A.one and half month B.one and a half month C.one months and a half D.one and a half months11.Whats the date today?Its
20、 . A.nine B.Monday C.June 5 D.11:0012.Would you like to eat apples? No, thank you. A.more two B.two more C.two another
21、160; D.two else13.He said he would come back in . A.one or two days B.o or two days C.one and two days D.a day and two14.How often do you write to your parents abroad?
22、 . A.Twice a month B.Second times a month C.A second time a month D.second a time a month15. people died in the traffic accidents in the world. A.Thousand
23、of B.Thousands of C.Ten thousands of D.Ten thousand of 16.In the 1850s, about was covered by forest in the USA. A.third B.a third C.the third D.a thirds17.This is her birthday, I think. A.twenty B.twentieth
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