Unit13Thewaterplanet

1、Unit 13 The water planet考綱要求： 考綱規(guī)定的考試范圍:重點(diǎn)單詞與短語sailor；benefit；disadvantage；entertainment；medium；relatively；solid；available；pure；dense；relationship；mass；volume；float；absorb；release；stable；sensitive；bottom句型Life in the oceans range from the tiniest plants all the way up to giants like sharks and whale

2、s. range的用法。Water is actually quite simple, but the way the water molecule is formed gives water its unique properties. the way 后的定語從句用法They form a polar molecule, that is, one with a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end. that is 插入語的用法語法：復(fù)習(xí)情態(tài)動詞 復(fù)習(xí)本章要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)1. 掌握sailor；benefit；disadvantag

3、e； medium；relatively；solid；available；pure；dense；relationship；mass；volume；float；absorb；release；stable；sensitive；bottom等重點(diǎn)單詞及短語的用法。2. 掌握的用法。教材知識歸納知識歸納1. Practise making suggestions and expressing opinions.practise(1)n.實(shí)行,實(shí)施,實(shí)踐（U）I am afraid the idea would never work in practice.恐怕這想法實(shí)際上行不通。(反復(fù)的)練習(xí),學(xué)習(xí)（

4、C/U）Learning a language needs a lot of practice.學(xué)習(xí)語言需要勤練不輟。(醫(yī)生、律師等的)業(yè)務(wù),工作,營業(yè)CDr. Pat is no longer in practice here.派特醫(yī)生不在這兒行醫(yī)了。習(xí)慣,常規(guī),慣例The old practice still prevails in the countryside.舊習(xí)俗在鄉(xiāng)間仍然流行。(2)vt.實(shí)踐,實(shí)行What I preach, I am resolved to practice.我所講的道理,我必定身體力行。練習(xí),實(shí)習(xí);訓(xùn)練The young girl practices the

5、 violin every day.這小女孩每天練習(xí)拉小提琴。經(jīng)常做We should practice economy even if we are rich.既使我們富裕了也仍應(yīng)該勵行節(jié)約。開業(yè)從事He has practiced law in Taipei for 30 years.他在臺北做律師已有三十年。相關(guān)歸納：(1)practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事To improve your English, you must practice speaking more.為了提高你的英語，你必須練習(xí)多說英語。(2)in practice實(shí)際上Your theory wont

6、 work in practice.你的理論在實(shí)踐中行不通。(3)put sth. into practice將付諸實(shí)施We had better put our plan into practice.我們最好把我們的計(jì)劃付諸實(shí)施。(4)common practice It is common practice to make a date before going to see a doctor.看病之前和醫(yī)生預(yù)約是常見的做法。2. Who tells the story in the poem?tell的重要句型歸納(1) tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb.

7、I told her my telephone number before we parted.我們分手前,我把電話號碼告訴了她。(2) tell sb. +從句He told us how the accident happened.他告訴我們那次事故是怎么發(fā)生的。She told me that she would be back in an hour.她告訴我她一個小時內(nèi)就會回來。Did he tell you when to start out?他有沒有告訴你什么時候出發(fā)?(3) tell (sb. )of (about) sth.He told me of (about) his w

8、orries.他告訴我他的煩惱。The book tells of his sister's life in Japan.這本書談及他妹妹在日本的生活情況。(4)tell sb. To do sth. 吩咐,命令Tell him not to come tomorrow.叫他明天別來。(5)tell + n. + from + n. 辨別和 It's sometimes hard to tell one twin from the other. 雙胞胎有時很難分辨。(6)There is no telling. 不得而知；很難說There is no telling where

9、 he is. 無法知道他到底在哪里。(7)to tell the truth 老實(shí)說To tell the truth, I dont believe you.說實(shí)話我不相信你說的話。(8)tell sth. apart 把某物區(qū)分開I cant tell them apart.我不能把他們區(qū)分開。3. Work with your partner and see whether you can come up with a good, scary storycome up with的用法(1)come up with提出；想出 He came up with good ideas for

10、the product promotion.他想出一個推廣產(chǎn)品的好方法。He could not come up with a proper answer.他想不出一個合適的回答。(2)come up with有“拿出” “籌措錢”之意。If Waths can come up with $15 million, we'll go to London. 如果瓦茨能夠拿出一千五百萬美元，我們就去倫敦。You have no choice but to come up with 18, 000.你別無選擇，必須拿出一萬八千英鎊。(3)come up with亦可作“趕上”解。We came

11、 up with a group of tourists.我們趕上了一群旅游者。We shall have to work hard so as to come up with the other firm. 我們得努力工作才能趕上另一家商行。come up(1)開始;發(fā)生I'll let him know if anything comes up.如有什么事,我會告訴他的。(2)被提出,被討論A number of questions came up at the meeting.會議上提出了許多問題。(3)走過來She came up and said, "Glad to

12、 meet you."她走過來說,"很高興見到你4. Who benefits from using water in this way.Benefit的用法：(1)be of benefit to 對有好處The new regulations will be of great benefit to us all.新規(guī)章對我們大家都會大有好處。It is of great benefit to everyone.那對每個人都有很大益處。(2)for the benefit of為的利益I have done it for his benefit.我為了他的利益才做那件事情

13、。(3)benefit by/from 得益He hasnt benefited from/by the experience.他雖有體驗(yàn)卻無長進(jìn)。We benefit by/from daily exercises.每天做操對我們有好處。(4)sth. benefit sb./sth. 對有益These facilities have benefited the whole town.這些設(shè)施使全城受益。The medicine will benefit you.這種藥對你有好處。5. Marine life is incredibly rich and varied.(1)Varied a

14、dj. 各式各樣的They made varied efforts to bring about a peaceful solution of the problems. 他們做了種種努力來和平解決這些問題。He had had varied training and had held many offices.他受過多種訓(xùn)練并擔(dān)任過多種職務(wù)。(2)various adj. 各式各樣的He was absent for various reasons.他由于各種各樣的原因遲到了。(3)variety n. 多樣化,變化; 種類What other ways do you know to add

15、 variety?你知道其他增加變化的方法嗎?People like to live a life full of variety.人們喜歡過豐富多彩的生活。(4)vary vt./vi. 有變化；使有變化Courses vary according to the needs of the students. 課程根據(jù)學(xué)生的需要而不同。People vary very much in their ideas. 人與人的想法差別是很大的。The answers given by different people vary greatly.不同人作出的回答，差別非常大。She varies her

16、 dress as fashion changes. 她的衣著隨潮流而變化。6. There were masses of dark clouds in the sky.mass的用法：(1)n. 團(tuán)，塊，堆a(bǔ) mass of=masses of 大堆，大團(tuán)，大塊The flowers made a mass of color against the stone wall.以石墻襯托著的花朵五彩繽紛。A mass of snow and rock broke away and fell on the climbers.一堆積雪和巖石突然崩落到登山者的身上。(2)大量，大批，眾多a mass o

17、f=masses of許多，大量I got masses of cards on my birthday.我生日的那天收到了很多賀卡。She elbowed her way through the masses of tourists.她用胳膊肘開路從眾多的游客中擠了過去。A mass of bread is wasted every day.每天有很多面包被浪費(fèi)了。相關(guān)歸納：(1)in the mass 總體上，總的來說She says she doesnt like children in the mass.她說從總體上講她不喜歡孩子。(2)be a mass of sth. 充滿，布滿H

18、is face was a mass of bruises after the fight.他打完架后臉上青一塊紫一塊的。7. There are about five million species in the oceans and we have yet to learn much about them.yet 的用法：(1)ad.yet通常用于否定句或疑問句中，譯為"還，尚，仍，已經(jīng)"等。常常放于句末，否定詞之后。 The moon has not risen yet.月亮還沒有升起。Has he finished the work yet?那工作他做完了沒有?總有

19、一天,終必He will suffer for fun yet.他總有一天會因貪玩吃苦頭。(與比較級連用)更,益發(fā)That job is yet more demanding.那個工作甚至更加費(fèi)力。與once , again , another 連用，意思是再”。例如 he has made yet another mistake. 他又犯了一個錯誤。而,然而My room is small yet cosy.我的房間很小,但很舒適。(2)conj.可是,卻,然而I don't know him, yet I can get his help.我不認(rèn)識他,但我會得到他的幫助。在口語中，

20、yet也可以與and連用產(chǎn)生轉(zhuǎn)折語氣。例句： He hunted for jobs in Beijing for months，and yet he couldn't find any work他在北京找工作已有幾個月了，可是他仍然找不到工作。 He says he is full，and yet he wants more他說他吃飽了，可是他還要。 8. Life in the ocean ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.range 的用法：(1)n. 排

21、, 行; 一系列; 山脈; (變化等的) 幅度; (知識等的) 范圍; 級別, 等級;The library has ranges of books in perfect order.這個圖書館的書一排一排放得井井有條。The houses are sold out within this price range.在這個價位范圍之內(nèi)的房子已售完。This store sells a wide range of TV sets.這家商店出售各種型號的彩色電視機(jī)。(2)vt.排列, 將.排成行OThe cards were ranged in alphabetical order.卡片以字母順序排

22、列。在.來回走動, 漫游于We ranged the woods looking for a place to set up our tents.我們在樹林里東走西跑, 找個地方搭帳篷。(3)vi.平行; 列成一行The shabby houses used to range along the road.過去這路邊破敗的房子排成行。綿亙, 延伸The road ranges westward from the lake.這條路由湖邊向西延伸。(在一定范圍內(nèi)) 變動, 變化WQThe temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade

23、.溫度在攝氏三十度與四十度之間。His interests ranged from chess to surfing. 他的愛好從下棋到?jīng)_浪，無所不有。Their ages ranged from 25 to 50. 他們的年齡在二十五歲到五十歲之間。up to 的用法：(1) 直到; 至多It could be up to two years before the project is completed.可能需要兩年時間這項(xiàng)工程才能完成。 Up to now I've never met him. 一直到現(xiàn)在，我還沒見過他。(2)忙于What have you been up to

24、 all day while I've been busy? 我整天忙著的時候你在干什么?(3)由決定、負(fù)責(zé)It's up to you whether you decide t0 take the job. 要不要這份工作由你自己決定。It's up to you to break the news to him. 該由你把這消息告訴他。(4)up to及得上;可以與相比較This new book of Green's isn't up to his last. 格林的這本書不如上一本好。9. Because water is polar，it ca

25、n break down or dissolve both solids and gases.break down(1)分解 Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人體里的化學(xué)元素把食物分解成有用的物質(zhì)。After many years, rocks broke down into dirt. 巖石經(jīng)年累月之后分化成塵土。(2)(機(jī)器等)壞了The car broke down halfway to the destination. 汽車在到達(dá)目的地的中途拋錨了。 The 8 o'clock t

26、rain broke down at Beijing Station and W&S taken off the line. (3)(身體)垮了”“(計(jì)劃)失敗” “(精神)支持不住了”。His health broke down because he had strained himself too much in his work. 他因工作勞累過度而把身體搞垮了。Marc broke down tearfully when she was told the death of her husband.瑪麗聽到他丈夫的死時痛哭流涕。Their plan has broken down

27、.他們的計(jì)劃失敗了。(4)打破; 摧毀 Firemen had m break down the wall to save the child. 為了救孩子，消防隊(duì)員不得不把墻推倒。10. If he played a bad trick on you, the manager would say you were the thief and call in the police.call in(1)找來；請來He insisted that we should call in a expert at this point. 這時他堅(jiān)決主張我們?nèi)フ堃晃粚＜襾怼?2)來訪；到那里去He call

28、ed in and told us that the machine had been badly damaged.他來告訴我們機(jī)器受到了嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。I formed the habit of calling in on them in the evenings.我每天晚上都到他們那里去，這已形成了習(xí)慣。(3)收回The librarians has called in all the books.圖書館管理員把書都收回去了。概念提示重點(diǎn)/熱點(diǎn)1： Most animals and plants are sensitive to large or sudden changes in temper

29、ature,sensitive(1) 敏感的;易受傷害的be sensitive to意為“對敏感”。Donna is sensitive to strong smells.唐娜對強(qiáng)烈的氣味很敏感。Photographic paper is highly sensitive to light.照相紙對光十分敏感。An artist is sensitive to beauty. 藝術(shù)家對美是敏銳的。(2) 神經(jīng)質(zhì)的; 神經(jīng)過敏的 You really must stop being so sensitive about your accent.你實(shí)在不必為自己的口音感到煩燥不安。Don'

30、;t mention she's put on weightshe's very sensitive about it. 不要說她胖了她對此非常敏感。(3) 善解人意的He is very sensitive to his pupils' need for encouragement and knows when to praise them.他非常理解學(xué)生對鼓勵的需要，并知道何時表揚(yáng)他們。注意：sensible和sensitive區(qū)別sensible意為“明智的”“合情合理的”還有“意識到的,察覺到的”Be sensible and take your umbrell

31、a.聰明些把傘帶上。I am sensible of my error.我認(rèn)識到自己的錯誤了。易混易錯點(diǎn)1：Tides provide energy for the ecosystems, but estua- ries are protected from waves and storms by islands, mud or vide的用法(1)provide sb. (with) sth 給某人提供某物The book will provide you with the information you need. 這本書會向你提供你所需的情況。Somehow she ma

32、naged to provide her children with food and clothing.她總算設(shè)法使她的孩子有飯吃,有衣穿。 (2)provide sth for sb. 給某人提供某物The forests provide shelter for wild animals.森林為野獸提供藏身之處。Provide for 撫養(yǎng),贍養(yǎng)He tried to earn more money to provide for a large family.他設(shè)法多掙錢以供養(yǎng)一個子女眾多的家。He has a large family to provide for.他有一大家子人要養(yǎng)活。

33、(3)provided that. 規(guī)定You may keep the book a further week provided that no one else requires it. 只要沒有別人要這本書，你還可借一個星期。She may come with us provided (that) she arrives in time.如果她及時到達(dá)，她可能會和我們一道來。We'll visit Europe next year, provided we have the money. 如果我們有這筆錢，我們明年將去歐洲。(4)providing that. 如果，倘若You

34、may go out providing you do your homework first. 只要你先把作業(yè)做好，你就可以出去。Providing (that) there is no oppositions, we shall hold the sports meet here. 如果沒有人反對，我們將來這里開運(yùn)動會。講題組課內(nèi)題例與課后題：課內(nèi)題例1. The book was boring. It wasnt _ to me.A. benefit B. benefited C. of little benefit D. of much benefit變式1. The book is

35、of _ benefit _ us. A. great; for B. much; for C. very; to D. great; to解析：be of benefit to表示“對有益”。根據(jù)句意：這本書對我沒有多大益處。D項(xiàng)符合題意，而C項(xiàng)表示雙重否定，不符合題意。答案：D變式1.考查搭配與運(yùn)用。 be of (great / much) benefit to.=be (very) beneficial to 表示“對有利有益”。答案：D2. "The villagers provided the soldiers _ food." means "The

36、villagers provided food _ thesoldiers." A. with; with B. for; forC. with; for D. for; with變式1. _ that it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?A. Provided B. Provide C. Having provided D. to provide解析：考查動詞固定短語的搭配。provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb.答案：C變式1. provided/providing可以做特殊連詞引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。答案：

37、A3. - Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?- No, it's out of _. A. range Breach C. control D. distance變式1. he _ in the street all day long and didnt do anything. Which of the following is wrong? A. ranged B. knocked about C. hung about D .wandered解析：考查固定搭配。沒能射到鳥的原因是鳥在射程外(out of range)。

38、答案：A變式1. 四個選項(xiàng)中都可以表示閑逛，但range后要接over 來表示閑逛的意思。答案：A4. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them.A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of解析：many of 后面應(yīng)接帶有定冠詞的名詞，意為“中的許多”；masses of 大量的，后可以跟可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞；the number of 的數(shù)量；a large amo

39、unt of 大量的，后接不可數(shù)名詞。答案：B5. The matter_ your fate cannot be taken for granted.A. relating to B. related toC. relate to D. to relate to解析：該題考查動詞relate用法。relate to “與有關(guān)”，此處是過去分詞作matter的后置定語，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句：The matter which / that is related to your fate.taken for granted“想當(dāng)然”。由此句可以判斷B正確。 答案：B 課后題：1.The elderl

40、y need special care in winter, as they are to the sudden changes of weather.A. sensitiveB. sensibleC. flexibleD. positive2.They are all used to their environment； they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.A. in a wordB. above allC. that isD. in all3.This picture was taken a long tim

41、e ago. I wonder if you can my father.A. find outB. pick outC. look outD. speak out4.We should try our best to improve our surroundings to the people ratherthan harm them.A. benefitB. contributeC. protectD. affect5.Some plants are very to light；they prefer the shade.A. sensibleB. sensitiveC. suitable

42、D. acceptable1.A 本題考查形容詞的意義辨析。sensitive“敏感的，靈敏的”，常構(gòu)成短語be sensitive to “對敏感，易受影響”；sensible“合理的，可感覺到的，明事理的”，可構(gòu)成短語be sensible of“察覺到”；flexible“靈活的，能復(fù)形的，可通融的”；positive“積極的，肯定的”。根據(jù)題意“冬季老年人需要特別的關(guān)愛，因?yàn)樗麄儗μ鞖獾耐蝗蛔兓苊舾??！惫蔬x答案A。2.C 句意為：他們都已習(xí)慣了他們的環(huán)境，也就是說他們已經(jīng)學(xué)會了怎樣成功地在他們的棲息地生存。上下句基本上表達(dá)的是同一個意思；第二句話是第一句話的更詳細(xì)更明確的解釋。故選C

43、。意義為“即，也就是（說）”。3.B find out查明；辨別，pick out挑出；選出；看出來look out小心，注意；speak out（大膽地）講出，根據(jù)題意B項(xiàng)pick out對。4.A 題意為：我們應(yīng)盡力改善環(huán)境使人類受益而不是傷害人類contribute和to連用表示“有益于”，protect the people“保護(hù)人民”，affect the people“影響人類”。故選A。benefit people“使人受益”。5.B be sensitive to“對敏感”；sensible構(gòu)成短語為be sensible of表示“察覺到”，be suitable for“適

44、合”。根據(jù)題意選B。課后練習(xí)題A組：1.The climate in China from area to area.A. rangesB. getsC. spreadD. move2.He didnt respond to my answer, perhaps he was in thinking about something.A. set B. absorbedC. gotD. losing3.How wide the river is! I guess it about fifty metres long.A. is measuredB. is measuringC. measures

45、D. takes measures4. $100 a month could hardly _ the cost of his life in such a big city in this country.A. spend B. take C. cover D. meet5. Working in the kitchen for years made Tom _ a good cook.A. for B. into C. of  D. as6. Can I pay the bill by check?  

46、0; Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.A. shall B. need C. will D. can7. This wall of air is an effective answer to the problem and it _ work.    But it is a question to put such a wall of air around the statue.A. may

47、60;B. must C. should D could8. Did your sister pass the exam?    She failed and is in low spirits.    Im sorry for her.    _.A .Thank you B .Youre welcome C . I would think so D. Never mind9. The students spent as much time gettin

48、g trained as they _ studying.A. disliked B. were C. had D. did10. It was believed that things would get worse, but _ it is they are getting better.A. before B. after C. because D. as答案：1.A range fromto表示“從到變化”。句意為：中國的氣候隨著地區(qū)的變化而變化。2.B be absorbed in“全神貫注于”，從He didnt resp

49、ond to my answer可得知，他一定是在全神貫注地想事情。3.C measure可用作不及物動詞表示“某物有長（寬，高）”；也可用作及物動詞“測量”。句意為：這條河有50米長，故選C。4. C  cover=be enough for sth.易誤選D，meet支付、償付（某費(fèi)用，主語一般為人）5. B  make sb. into sb.將某人變成某人6.A  本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法，shall用于第一和第三人稱的陳述句中，表示命令、許諾等，語氣很強(qiáng)。can表示可能性，will表將來，need意為需要，都不適用。7.C  本題主要考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。選項(xiàng)A表示事實(shí)上的可能或允許；選項(xiàng)B表示要求或肯定的推測；選項(xiàng)C表示建議或根據(jù)一般情況的推測；選項(xiàng)D表示較小的可能性。根據(jù)句子中的關(guān)鍵詞an effective answer可知，后面表示在一般情況下的推測。8.A  本題主要考查英語交際用語的應(yīng)用。根據(jù)對方的話“Im sorry for her”表示對她的關(guān)心，于是回答應(yīng)該用“謝謝”，因此正確答案為A。