2022年初中情態(tài)動詞用法總結(jié)2

1、1 專項：情態(tài)動詞一 考點： 情態(tài)動詞的用法和辨析， 情態(tài)動詞表示推測和可能， 由情態(tài)動詞引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句的回答。二 類型：1 只是情態(tài)動詞： can, could, may, might, must 2 可做情態(tài)動詞，可做實義動詞：need, dare 3 可做情態(tài)動詞，可做助動詞：will, would, shall, should 4 特殊：have to, ought to, used to 三 特征：1 有一定的詞義，但不能單獨作謂語，必須與行為動詞和系動詞連用構(gòu)成謂語。2 無人稱和數(shù)的變化。（have to 除外）eg: he has to stay here. 3 后接動詞原形。

2、4 具有助動詞作用，可構(gòu)成否定，疑問或簡短回答。四 用法：1. can 表示能力， “ 能，會 ” 。eg : can you play basketball? 表示懷疑，猜測，常用于否定句或疑問句。eg :li hua cant be in the classroom. 表示請求，允許，多用于口語，譯“ 可以”= may. eg: you can go now. can 開頭的疑問句，肯定句，否定句用can或 cant.2.couldcan 的過去式，表示過去的能力。eg :i could swim when i was seven years old. could 開頭的疑問句，肯定和否定

3、回答用could, couldn t 如果 could 表示現(xiàn)在的委婉，用can 回答。eg: could i have a drink? yes, you can. 3.may 表示推測， “ 可能，也許 ” ，用于肯定句。eg: he may come tomorrow. 表示請求， “ 許可,可以” 。eg: may i borrow your book? 注：表示請求，許可時，主語為第一人稱的一般疑問句，否定回精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f

4、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -2 答用 mustnt “不可以，禁止，不許 ”,不用 may not“ 可能不 ” 。表示祝愿。 eg :may you success. 4.might 表示 “ 可以” ，用于過去時中。eg: he told me i might smoke in the room. 用于現(xiàn)在時，表示說話更委婉，禮貌。eg:he might be doing his lessons now. 5.must 表示 “ 必須，應(yīng)該 ” 。表示推測，常用在肯定句中，表“ 一定” 。eg:there

5、 is someone knocking at the door.it must be jim. 否定句中， mustn t 表示禁止，“不允許”。以 must 開頭的疑問句， 肯定句回答用 must,否定回答用 needn t , 表示“不需要，不必” =“don t have to”. 表示“偏偏”。eg: must you play the piano at this time. 6.need 情態(tài)動詞： +do,用 need 提問或回答，肯定句回答用must ,否定句回答用 needn t. eg: you needn t come to school so early. 實義動詞：

6、+to do ,用助動詞提問和否定。+doing 表示被動。needn t have done 表示沒必要做某事但是做了。eg: i actually needn t have bought so much wine. 7.dare 情態(tài)動詞，多用于疑問句，否定句，條件句中。eg: im afraid you dare not to do such a thing. 注：i dare say 習(xí)慣說成“也許，我想” 。eg: it will rain this afternoon, i dare say. 實義動詞：dare to do , 用于肯定句中， 當(dāng)用于否定句或疑問句時， to 可以

7、省略。 eg: this student doesn t dare to raise any question in class. 8.shall用于第一人稱表示征求意見，詢問。eg: shall i open the window? shall we have lunch here? 表示說話人的態(tài)度，“命令，警告，允諾，威脅” 。eg: you shall finish your homework first. 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f -

8、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -3 用于第三人稱， 在條約，規(guī)定，法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定， “應(yīng)該，必須”。 （不常用）9.should表示義務(wù)，責(zé)任“應(yīng)該” 。eg:we should obey traffic laws. 作為shall 過去式，用于第一三人稱，表示征求意見。eg:mr lee asked if he should get his visa. 表示“竟然”。eg: it s unthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.

9、 表示說話人的特殊情感，如驚奇，憤怒，失望等。eg: how should i know? 表示勸告，建議，“應(yīng)該” 。eg: you should listen to your teacher. 10.will 用于第二人稱表示詢問， 請求，也可以表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的 “意愿” 。eg: will you pass me the book? 表示意愿，決定，允諾，用于各種人稱。eg: i will try my best to help you. 表示規(guī)律性的“注定會” 。eg: people will die without air or water. 11.would 表示過去的意愿或委婉詢問。e

10、g: would you tell me the way to the station? 12.have to “必須，不得不”，強調(diào)客觀需要，含有時態(tài)的變化。eg: i ll have to ask jim instead. 區(qū)別： must 表示“必須，應(yīng)該“，主觀看法。13.ought to 表示職責(zé)，義務(wù)或要求， 及人們應(yīng)該去做的正確的事或好事。eg: humans ought to stop polluting nature. 比 should 語氣強， ought to 反映客觀情況， should 表示主觀看法。ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做而沒有做。eg: yo

11、u are late. you ought to have arrived five minutes earlier. 14.used to 表示“過去常常，過去是“，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可以和過去的精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -4 時間狀語連用。否定形式： usedn t to 或 didn t use to , 疑問詞將use提前或

12、 diduse to ? eg: he didn t use to be so careless. 區(qū)別 would :帶有主觀性，并且現(xiàn)在做不做不知道。used to :客觀性，和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行對比，過去常常，現(xiàn)在就不怎么做了。eg: he would phone me on sunday. eg: i used to be very fond of music when i was young. 區(qū)別： be used to doing （情態(tài)動詞）習(xí)慣于 used to do （情態(tài)動詞）過去是，過去常常be used to do ( 過去式 ) 被用來做 eg: i am already u

13、sed to noisy city life here. my parents used to live in south america. this machine is used to cut up waste paper. 15.其他：had better do 最好做某事eg: you had better stay at home. 否定：had better not do be able to 與 can 表示能力時用法相同，但前者有時態(tài)的變化，有能力成功做某事。eg: we will be able to come back next week. 專題練習(xí) ：1( ) 1 joh

14、n_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. a. may b. can c. has to d. must ( ) 2 they _ do well in the exam. a. can be able to b. be able to c. can able to d. are able to ( ) 3 -may i take this book out? -no, you_. a. cant b. may not c. neednt d. arent ( ) 4 you_ go and see a doctor at on

15、ce because youre got a fever. a. can b. must c. dare d. would ( ) 5 -can you speak japanese? -no, i_. a. mustnt b. cant c. neednt d. may not 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -5 2( ) 1 -he_

16、 be in the classroom, i think. -no, he _ be in the classroom. i saw him go home a minute ago. a. can; may not b. must; may not c. may; cant d. may ; mustn t ( ) 2 -shall i get one more cake for you, dad? -thanks, but you_, ive had enough. a. may not b. must not c. cant d. neednt ( ) 3 even the top s

17、tudents in our class cant work out this problem, so it be very difficult. a. may b. must c. can d. need ( ) 4 he isnt at school. i think he _ be ill. a. can b. shall c. must d. has to ( ) 5 _ i take this one? a. may b. will c. are d. do 3( ) 1 the children_ play football on the road. a. cant b. can

18、c. mustnt d. must ( ) 2 you _ be late for school again next time. a. mustnt b. neednt c. dont have to d. dont need to ( ) 3 -must i do my homework at once? -no, you_. a. neednt b. mustnt c. cant d. may not 4( ) 1 his arm is all right. he_ go and see the doctor. a. has not to b. dont have to c. haven

19、t to d. doesnt have to ( ) 2 he had to give up the plan, _ he? a. did b. didnt c. does d. doesnt ( ) 3 they had to walk here, _ they? a. mustnt b. did c. didnt d. hadnt 5( ) 1 he had better stay here, _ he? a. didnt b. dont c. hadnt d. isnt ( ) 2 youd better_late next time. a. not to be b. not be c.

20、 wont be d. dont be ( ) 3 youd better _ your hair _ once a month. a. had; cut b. had; cutted c. have; cut d. have; cutted ( ) 4 you_ ask that man over there. maybe he knows the way. a. had better not to b. had not better c. had better d. had better not 6( ) 1 -shall we go and visit the history museu

21、m next sunday? a. here you are b. sorry, i cant c. yes, please d. let me try ( ) 2 -why dont you ask mike to go with us? -thanks, _. a. i will b. i wont c. lean d. i may ( ) 3 -_ i take the newspaper away? 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁，共 6 頁 - - - - - - - - -6 -no, you mustnt. you_read it only here. a. must; can b. may; ca