高考英語(yǔ)：主謂一致-課件PPT

1、2021/8/261主主 謂謂 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 一一 致致 主講：于主講：于 紅紅 高中英語(yǔ)高中英語(yǔ) Book4 Unit12021/8/262 定義：主謂一致是指定義：主謂一致是指謂語(yǔ)在人稱謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上必須和主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)和數(shù)上必須和主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。保持一致?；靖拍罨靖拍?conception)2021/8/263主謂一致三大原則主謂一致三大原則 1. 語(yǔ)法一致語(yǔ)法一致（主形式單謂單，主形式復(fù)謂復(fù)）（主形式單謂單，主形式復(fù)謂復(fù)） 2. 意義一致意義一致（主意義復(fù)謂復(fù)，主意義單謂單）（主意義復(fù)謂復(fù)，主意義單謂單） 3. 就近一致就近一致 (謂動(dòng)的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近它的名謂動(dòng)的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于

2、最靠近它的名詞或代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)詞或代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)) )2021/8/264觀察句子觀察句子總結(jié)規(guī)律總結(jié)規(guī)律2021/8/265 （1 1）Bread and butterBread and butter is is Lazy Goats favorite food.Lazy Goats favorite food.2021/8/266Grey Wolf and Red Wolf are husband and wife.2021/8/267Group1: Group1: （2 2）A writer and educator A writer and educator isis giving a s

3、peech now.giving a speech now. （3 3） Every boy and every girl Every boy and every girl likeslikes the film star. the film star. （4 4） Many a boy and many a girl Many a boy and many a girl hashas a dictionarya dictionary. . 2021/8/268總結(jié)：總結(jié)：A, 兩個(gè)名詞由兩個(gè)名詞由and連接作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)連接作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用動(dòng)詞一般用_。 B, 當(dāng)當(dāng)and不表示并列意

4、義，連接兩個(gè)在不表示并列意義，連接兩個(gè)在意義上表示意義上表示 的的名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_。 C, 兩個(gè)并列的名詞有兩個(gè)并列的名詞有every, each, no 等等修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用 。 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)同一概念、兼具身份、匹配出現(xiàn)同一概念、兼具身份、匹配出現(xiàn) 單數(shù)單數(shù) 單數(shù)單數(shù)2021/8/269 everyevery eacheach no no many a many a+ +名詞單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)and+and+everyeveryeacheachno no many amany a謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)+ +名詞單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)D,D,2021/8/261

5、0Group2: Group2: (5) The man with his daughters and (5) The man with his daughters and sons sons isis watching TV. watching TV. (6) The girls as well as the (6) The girls as well as the teacher teacher areare dancing. dancing. (7) Collecting stamps (7) Collecting stamps isis what he what he likes. l

6、ikes. (8) What I need (8) What I need isis more time. more time.What they need What they need areare more people. more people. 2021/8/2611總結(jié)：總結(jié)：A A，傳說(shuō)中的，傳說(shuō)中的“就前原則就前原則” + + B B A A+ + with(together with);with(together with); In addition to; rather In addition to; rather than;than; Along with; as well

7、 as; Along with; as well as; But; except; unlike; But; except; unlike; Including; besides; such Including; besides; such as; as; 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與A A一致一致2021/8/2612 B, B, 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ), , 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_。 C, C, 名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用，名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用，_但所指內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用但所指內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_。 單單數(shù)數(shù) 復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù) 單單數(shù)數(shù)2021/8/2613Grou

8、p3:Group3: (9) No news (9) No news isis good news. good news. (10) Either of the shirts (10) Either of the shirts fitsfits me me very well. very well. (11) None of the farmers (11) None of the farmers has / have has / have been abroad.been abroad.2021/8/2614總總 結(jié)：結(jié)： A, A, 合成不定代詞，如合成不定代詞，如 something,

9、nothing something, nothing ，或或 neither/ either/ each/ every+of neither/ either/ each/ every+of + +名詞名詞 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用 ，nonenone做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ) 單單 復(fù)復(fù) 數(shù)數(shù) 均均 可可 。 B, B, 以以s s 結(jié)尾的名詞，如學(xué)科，國(guó)家等，本結(jié)尾的名詞，如學(xué)科，國(guó)家等，本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)通常身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)通常用用 單單 數(shù)數(shù) ，如，如news,maths, physicsnews,maths, physics等等. .2021/8/2615Gr

10、oup 4 :Group 4 : (12) 3/4 of the surface of the earth(12) 3/4 of the surface of the earth isis covered with water. covered with water. (13) The population of the city (13) The population of the city isis large. large. 2/3 of the population 2/3 of the population areare Han.Han.2021/8/2616總結(jié)：總結(jié)： A, A,

11、 當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+ +名詞作主語(yǔ)名詞作主語(yǔ) 時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)與時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)與后面的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)后面的名詞單復(fù)數(shù) 一致。一致。 B, B, 表示意義較抽象的表示意義較抽象的“人口人口”時(shí)，謂時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 單單 數(shù)數(shù) ；表示某地區(qū)的全體；表示某地區(qū)的全體居民時(shí)，為集合名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用居民時(shí)，為集合名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 復(fù)復(fù) 數(shù)數(shù) 。2021/8/2617Group5:Group5: (14) Ten years is quite a long time. (14) Ten years is quite a long time. (15) His family are fat and shor

12、t (15) His family are fat and short 總結(jié)：總結(jié)： A, A, 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是表示當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是表示 時(shí)間，距離，金時(shí)間，距離，金錢，錢，貨幣貨幣 等的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單等的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。數(shù)。 2021/8/2618 B B， 當(dāng)集合名詞當(dāng)集合名詞 family, class, army, family, class, army, group, team, enemy, government, public, group, team, enemy, government, public, couplecouple 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果主語(yǔ)看作一個(gè)整體，等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

13、如果主語(yǔ)看作一個(gè)整體， 謂語(yǔ)用謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)單數(shù) ，如果看作其中的成員（個(gè)，如果看作其中的成員（個(gè) 體時(shí)）謂語(yǔ)用體時(shí)）謂語(yǔ)用 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 。 C, C, 但集合名詞但集合名詞people, police, poultry(people, police, poultry(家家禽禽) , cattle. militia() , cattle. militia(民兵民兵).vermin().vermin(害蟲害蟲) )等在任何等在任何 情況下都用情況下都用 復(fù)復(fù) 數(shù)數(shù) 形形 式式 。2021/8/2619There a wolf and five goats in the picture. There T

14、here five goats and five goats and a wolf in the picture. a wolf in the picture. areare isis2021/8/2620總結(jié)：總結(jié)：A, A, 連詞連詞 or, eitheror, or, eitheror, neithernor,neithernor, not onlybut also, whetheror, not onlybut also, whetheror, notbut, notbut,等連詞并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，等連詞并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)與最近的主語(yǔ)最近的主語(yǔ) 保持一致。保持一致。 B, B, 在

15、在there there 或或herehere引導(dǎo)的句子，引導(dǎo)的句子，如果如果主語(yǔ)不只是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)不只是一個(gè), ,謂語(yǔ)通常和鄰近的主謂語(yǔ)通常和鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致語(yǔ)一致. .2021/8/2621Now I have some Now I have some rhymes for you. rhymes for you. Read them aloud.Read them aloud.Do remember!Do remember!2021/8/26221. 1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)（1 1）：）： And And 連接兩名詞，身兼兩職一定冠。連接兩名詞，身兼兩職一定冠。 Many aM

16、any a作主也如此，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單。作主也如此，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單。 no each every no each every 后單名，兩種事是一概念，后單名，兩種事是一概念， 不定式，動(dòng)名詞，主語(yǔ)從句謂全單。不定式，動(dòng)名詞，主語(yǔ)從句謂全單。 主語(yǔ)單數(shù)后接介，謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)介無(wú)關(guān)。主語(yǔ)單數(shù)后接介，謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)介無(wú)關(guān)。2021/8/2623代詞代詞neither either each等，用作主語(yǔ)謂全等，用作主語(yǔ)謂全News，means，works，貌似復(fù)數(shù)實(shí)則單，貌似復(fù)數(shù)實(shí)則單還有還有-ics結(jié)尾學(xué)科詞，國(guó)、書、劇名加格言；結(jié)尾學(xué)科詞，國(guó)、書、劇名加格言；以上情況請(qǐng)記清，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全用單。以上情況請(qǐng)記清，謂語(yǔ)

17、動(dòng)詞全用單。時(shí)間貨幣與距離，謂語(yǔ)多單復(fù)少見。時(shí)間貨幣與距離，謂語(yǔ)多單復(fù)少見。1. 1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)（2 2）：）：2021/8/26242.2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只用復(fù)數(shù)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只用復(fù)數(shù)： 有些名詞謂常復(fù)，有些名詞謂常復(fù)，cattle,people,police等即這等即這般；般； the帶形容詞一類人，姓氏復(fù)數(shù)加定冠；帶形容詞一類人，姓氏復(fù)數(shù)加定冠； -s結(jié)尾的海峽，山脈與群島，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)勿用單。結(jié)尾的海峽，山脈與群島，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)勿用單。2021/8/26253. 3. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可單可復(fù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可單可復(fù) （1 1） None, all, half ofNone, all, half

18、 of等，等，of of 之賓語(yǔ)定答案。之賓語(yǔ)定答案。 還有分?jǐn)?shù)，百分?jǐn)?shù)，仍據(jù)還有分?jǐn)?shù)，百分?jǐn)?shù)，仍據(jù)ofof賓語(yǔ)定復(fù)單。賓語(yǔ)定復(fù)單。 代詞代詞All All 指人謂復(fù)數(shù)，指人謂復(fù)數(shù)，AllAll指事謂用單。指事謂用單。 量詞用法請(qǐng)注意，量詞用法請(qǐng)注意， 謂語(yǔ)要隨量詞變。謂語(yǔ)要隨量詞變。 Rest, means, following, Rest, means, following, 等，意義決定其復(fù)、等，意義決定其復(fù)、單。單。 關(guān)系代詞定從主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)先行詞判。關(guān)系代詞定從主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)先行詞判。 Or, nor, but also, rather than,Or, nor, but also

19、, rather than, there bethere be就近原則掛嘴邊。就近原則掛嘴邊。2021/8/2626Practice makes perfectPractice makes perfect A number of students_gone for an outing.A number of students_gone for an outing. The number of students_increasing every year. The number of students_increasing every year. A. have; has B. is; have

20、 C. has; have D. A. have; has B. is; have C. has; have D. have; ishave; is2. Each student _got an English-Chinese 2. Each student _got an English-Chinese dictionary.dictionary. The students each_a dictionary. The students each_a dictionary.A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; hasA. have;

21、has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; has3. There_a pen, an ink-bottle, and some books on 3. There_a pen, an ink-bottle, and some books on it.it. There_some bowls, plates and a spoon on it. There_some bowls, plates and a spoon on it. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is A. is; are B. are; are C. are;

22、is D. is; isD. is; isDBA2021/8/26276. Only 80% of the students in the 6. Only 80% of the students in the class_League members. About 40% of Jims class_League members. About 40% of Jims income_has been spent on his new house.income_has been spent on his new house. A. are; goes B. are; go C. is; goes

23、A. are; goes B. are; go C. is; goes D. is; goD. is; go5.The policeman_standing at the street corner.5.The policeman_standing at the street corner. The police _searching for him. The police _searching for him. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; isD. is; isAC4.

24、My blue trousers_worn out.4. My blue trousers_worn out. One pair of trousers _not enough. One pair of trousers _not enough. A. is; are B. are; are C. is; A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; isis D. are; isD2021/8/26287. Pang Siyu is the only one of the 7. Pang Siyu is the only one of the girlsg

25、irls who who the piano. the piano. (play)(play)8. Gao Han is one of the boys who 8. Gao Han is one of the boys who thethe piano.piano. 9. The wounded _ by the hospital. 9. The wounded _ by the hospital. A.have been taken inA.have been taken inB.has been taken inB.has been taken in C.have taken in C.

26、have taken in D.has D.has taken intaken in 9. After saying good-bye, the couple moved 9. After saying good-bye, the couple moved off and _ in the crowd.off and _ in the crowd. A. was lost B. were lost C. had lost D. A. was lost B. were lost C. had lost D. lostlostAB playplays2021/8/2629Ready for the

27、 challenge?Ready for the challenge?2021/8/2630Xiaoming: How do you evaluate How do you evaluate the portraits (the portraits (畫像畫像) that we ) that we havehave painted? painted? Teacher: Many a student Many a student hashas passed. Some students passed. Some students havehave done pretty well.done pr

28、etty well. Xiaoming: What about me?What about me? Teacher: There is only one There is only one student who student who has failedhas failed. . Thats you!Thats you!2021/8/2631 Xiaoming: Me? But most of my spared Me? But most of my spared time time has been spent has been spent in painting it.in paintin