新版版新目標(biāo)八年級下學(xué)期期末知識點(diǎn)完全梳理

1、第1頁 共 45 頁unit1 what s the matter？section a 1. what s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？what s the matter with you? = whats the trouble with you? = what s wrong with you? 【拓展】 matter的用法it doesn t matter 沒關(guān)系2. i have a cold 我感冒了i have a stomachache 我患胃痛i have a sore back. 我背痛。【解析 1】have a cold 受涼; 感冒have a/an +

2、 疾病名詞“ 患病” (cold/fever/cough) have a sore throat 患喉嚨痛have a sore back 患背痛have a fever 發(fā)燒have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒have a stomachache 患胃痛have a toothache 患牙痛have a headache 患頭痛have a backache 患背痛3. she talked too muchyesterday and didnt drink enough water. 【解析 1】too much/too many/much too短語含義用法例句t

3、oo much 太多后接不可數(shù)名詞there is too much rain these days 修飾動(dòng)詞，放在動(dòng)詞之后watching tv too much is bad for your eyes. too many 太多后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)there are too many things for me to do. much too 太修飾形容詞或副詞it s much too cold in winter.【解析 2】enough 的用法(1) adj.足夠的，充分的放在名詞之前 enough time (2) adv. “足夠地，十分，相當(dāng) ”放在 adj./adv 后 old

4、enough (3) be +adj. +enough to do sth be strong enough to carry the box. 4. drink some hot tea with honey.喝一些加蜂蜜的熱茶?！窘馕觥?with ： prep 具有, 帶有;和.一起;用. （反） without she is a girl with long hair. i like to talk freely with my friends. 5. see a dentist and get an x-ray. 看牙醫(yī)并且拍張 x 光。see a dentist = go to a

5、dentist 看牙醫(yī)see a doctor = go to a doctor 看醫(yī)生6. no, it doesnt sound like you have a fever . 不需要，聽起來你不像發(fā)燒了。【解析】 sound like 聽起來像，后接名詞或名詞性短語作表語。it sounds like a good idea. 【拓展】感官動(dòng)詞 + like feel like 摸起來像smell like 聞起來像look like 看起來像taste like 嘗起來像7. at 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus no. 26 was going along zhon

6、ghua road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 【解析】 see sb. do sth 看見某人做某事（看到動(dòng)作發(fā)生的 全過程 ）see sb. doing sth 看見某人正在做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作 正在發(fā)生 ）【解析】 lie lay lain v 躺下， (現(xiàn)在分詞 lying ). lie down 躺下lie down and rest 躺下休息8. the bus driver, 24-year-old wang ping, stopped the bus without thinking t

7、wice.第2頁 共 45 頁【解析】 24-year-old 24 歲的9. he got off and asked the woman what happened. 【解析】 get off 下車 (反） get on 上車【拓展】 get up起床get over克服；度過get out of 從出來get onalong well with 與相處融洽get to到達(dá)10. but to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 【解析 1】surprise v./n. 使吃驚 ,驚訝surprising adj. 令人吃驚的surp

8、rised adj. 吃驚的surprise sb.使某人吃驚the bad news surprised me. be surprised at對感到吃驚to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是in surprise 吃驚地【解析 2】agree v ( 反)disagree agreement n同意(1) agree with sb. 同意某人i agree with you. (2 )agree to do sth. 同意做某事11. thanks to mr. wang and the passengers , the doctor saved the man in time

9、.【解析 1】 thanks to 多虧；由于thanks for “ 因而感謝 ”【解析 2】 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)/ in time 及時(shí)【記】 she didn t catch the bus_, so she couldnt arrive there _.【短語】all the time 一直for the first time 第一次【句型】it s time to do sth =its time for sth 是該做某事的時(shí)間了12. but the driver didnt think about himself. 【解析】think about 考慮 think of 想起

10、 think over 仔細(xì)考慮13. do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble? 【解析】 trouble n .問題；苦惱get into trouble陷入困難be in trouble 處于困境中have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困難14. did you fall down ?你跌倒了嗎？【解析】 fall fell fallen v 落下； 跌落fall down 摔倒she fell down from

11、her bike fall off 指從某物上跌落下the girl fell off the bike. fall behind 落后fall asleep 入睡section b 1. someone felt sick. 有人生病了。【解析】 feel sick 生病；不舒服sick /ill adj. 生病的sick adj. “ 生病的 ” ，既可放 be (系動(dòng)詞 )后作表語，也可放 n.前作定語。ill 只能位于 be (系動(dòng)詞 )后作表語ill illness n. “??；疾病 ”2. as a mountain climber, aron is used to taking

12、risks. 【解析】as prep，作為，以身份 。3. this is one of the most exciting things about doing dangerous sports. 【解析】 one of .之一第3頁 共 45 頁【結(jié)構(gòu)】 “ one of + the +adj.最高級 +n 復(fù)數(shù)” 做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。one of the most popular colors is red in china. 4. there were many times when aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 【

13、解析 1】lose lost lost v 失去lose one s life 失去生命【解析 2】because of 由于； 因?yàn)椤就卣埂?because/because of because 和 so 不能一起連用，二者只能用其一5. on april 26,2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in utah. 【解析 1】on 修飾具體的某一天on a sunday morning; on friday 【解析 2】find found found v尋找(1) find sb. doin

14、g sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難6. but when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 【解析】run ran run v 跑run out of =use up 用完【區(qū)別】 ：run out of 其主語通常是人，后邊要接賓語run out 其主語通常是物7. this means being i a d

15、ifficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of . 【解析 1】mean meant meant v 意味著 meaning n 意思(1) mean doing sth. 意味著做某事(2) mean to do sth. 打算做某事【拓展】詢問“. 的意思 ” 的常用句型：what does . mean? what is the meaning of.? 8. aron tells of the importance of making good decision, and of being in control of ones

16、 life. 【解析 1】 important adj. 重要的（反） unimportant importance n 重要性my parents have taught me _(.的重要性 )of working hard. anyone can see the _(important) of good health. 【解析 2】decide v 決定-decision n 決定(1) decide to do sth= make up ones mind to do sth (2) make a decision 做決定9. his love for mountain climbin

17、g is so great that he kept on climbing mountains. 【解析 1】“so + adj.+ that”“ 如此以至” 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句he was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag. 【解析 2】 keep on (doing sth) 繼續(xù)或堅(jiān)持做某事we must keep on working hard in the coming new year. 10. do we have the same spirit as aron? 我們有阿倫那種精神嗎？【解析】the same as 和.一樣b

18、e not the same as = be different from 與.不同11. death【解析】 die v. death n. 死，死亡dead adj. 死的dying adj. 將死的12. aron loves mountain climbing and doesnt mind taking risks. 【解析】mind v 介意n. 頭腦，想法，記憶【短語】 make up ones mind 下定決心never mind 不要緊change one s mind 改變主意keep in mind 記住【句型】 would you mind doing sth 你介意

19、做某事嗎？第4頁 共 45 頁13. aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today. 【解析】 give up 放棄 (代詞應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞詞組的中間)give up doing sth = stop doing sth 放棄做某事二、重點(diǎn)語法1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should的用法what should she do? should i take my temperature ? 【解析 1】should “應(yīng)該” 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，表示建議1) 肯定句：主語+ should + do 2

20、) 否定句：主語 + should not /shouldn t do 3) 一般疑問句： should +主語+do 【解析 2】take ones temperature 量體溫2. jenny cut herself . 【反身代詞】第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself yourself himself herself itself 復(fù)數(shù)ourselves yourselves themselves 1. 可用作賓語 ，當(dāng)賓語和主語表示同一個(gè)人時(shí)。如：maria bought herself a scarf. we must look after ourselves very wel

21、l. 2. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。如： she herself will fly to london tomorrow. i met the writer himself last week. 3. 反身代詞的常見搭配：teach oneself=learn by oneself 自學(xué)by oneself =alone 獨(dú)自,單獨(dú)help oneself to 隨便吃introduce oneself to 自我介紹hurt oneself傷到自己look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己enjoy oneself=have

22、 fun =have a good time 玩得高興unit 2 i ll help to clean up the city parks. 1. give out 分發(fā)，發(fā)放【拓展】 give 構(gòu)成的短語還有：give away 贈(zèng)給，贈(zèng)送give in 屈服，投降give up 放棄give off 發(fā)出（氣味、光、熱等）2. come up with 提出，想出(1)表示“想出或提出”，相當(dāng)于 think of i think she can come up with a good idea (2) come up with 還可表示“ 趕上” ,相當(dāng)于 catch up with.

23、we should study hard to come up with them 3. i ve run out of it. run out of 表示 “用完，用光”，其主語一般是人?！就卣埂?run out of 還可表示“從跑出來” 。bill ran out of the room. run構(gòu)成的短語還有 run away 逃走run after追趕run into difficulties 遇到困難4. i take after my mother.我長得像我媽媽。第5頁 共 45 頁【辨析】 take after 與 look liketake after意為“長得像，行為、性

24、格等像”,尤其是像自己的長輩。the boy takes after his father. 這個(gè)男孩長得像他爸爸。look like 可以用于所有場合 ，既可指人也可指物，僅指外表看上去像。the man looks like our teacher. 這個(gè)男的看起來像我們的老師?！就卣埂?take 構(gòu)成的短語take up take off take place take one s time take care 5. set up 創(chuàng)辦，建立set up 為副詞短語，與 start, establish同義they ve set up a company. 他們創(chuàng)辦了一家公司。與 set

25、 相關(guān)的短語還有：set out 動(dòng)身，開始（做某事）set off 出發(fā)，引起，激發(fā)6. you helped to make it possible for me to have lucky. it 是形式賓語you made it possible for me to catch up with others. 你讓我有可能趕上其他人。7. lucky makes a big difference to my life. lucky 對我的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。make a big difference 意為“對產(chǎn)生很大的影響” ，difference在此為“影響”的意思?！纠}】 th

26、e heavy snow didn t _ the international airlines. a. pay attention to b. add to c. make a difference to d. keep to 8. imagine v. 想象，假想；以為，認(rèn)為imagine （v.想象） imagination（n.想象） imaginative (adj.富于想象力的）9. help. out 幫克服困難，幫分擔(dān)工作the teacher often helps his students out. 那位老師經(jīng)常幫他的學(xué)生解決問題。10. be excited about.

27、 對興奮i m excited about the game of li na. 我對李娜的比賽感到興奮。exciting 修飾物重點(diǎn)語法：動(dòng)詞短語動(dòng)詞短語主要有以下四種構(gòu)成形式：(1) 動(dòng)詞+介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語主要有： agree with, ask for, arrive at, hear of, look at, take after, listen to等。這類動(dòng)詞后的賓語 無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。i m looking for my pen. don t laugh at the poor man. (2) 動(dòng)詞+副詞這類動(dòng)詞短語有： find out, give out

28、, look up, put on, turn on/off, wake up, work out 等。這類動(dòng)詞后面的賓語是名詞時(shí)，名詞可放在副詞前面或后面；賓語是代詞時(shí)，代詞只能放在副詞前面 。please pick up the pen.= please pick the pen up. it took him two hours to work it out. (3) 動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語： have a look at, make friends with, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to 等。第6頁 共 45 頁

29、在這類動(dòng)詞短語中， 賓語都放在介詞之后 。you should pay more attention to your pronunciation. (4) 動(dòng)詞+形容詞 +介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語有： be angry with, be busy with, be good for, be different from, be interested in, be good at等。unit3 could you please clean your room? section a 1. peter, could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？【解析

30、 1】could you please do sth ? 請你（做） .好嗎？用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。could 不是 can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an. 【常用答語】 肯定回答 ：sure./ of course./ certainly./no problem. 否定回答 ： sorry, i cant【解析 2】take out 取出（ v+ adv）跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊【短語】 take out the trash 倒垃圾take a walk 散步take away 拿走，取走take b

31、ack 收回take place 發(fā)生take off 脫下； 起飛2. can you do the dishes ？【結(jié)構(gòu) 1】do the + 名詞：do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具 /衣服【結(jié)構(gòu) 2】do the + 動(dòng)詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生【結(jié)構(gòu) 3】do one s + 名詞do one s housework/ homework 做家務(wù) /家庭作業(yè)【結(jié)構(gòu) 4】do some + 動(dòng)詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書 /購物3. could i at least finish watching t

32、his show? 【解析 1】could i do sth.? 我可以做 .嗎？用于表達(dá)請求，語氣比較委婉。could i go out with my classmate this weekend? 【解析 2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超過4. i think two hours of tv is enough for you! 【解析 1】two hours of tv 表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時(shí)，常被視作整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。how time is flies! three years _(be) reall

33、y a short time. 足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）i don t have enough money with me. enough 足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）the river is deep enough for swimming. 【記】 mr. smith has enough money, but he isnt kind enough to help others.【注意】 enough 修飾名詞時(shí)，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時(shí)，置于形容詞之后。5. could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do

34、the dishes? 【解析】 take out 拿出；取出作 副詞作 形 容第7頁 共 45 頁take 的用法：please take some books to the classroom. take take this medicine three times a day. they usually take the bus to work. it takes me two hours to do my homework every day. 【拓展】 take 構(gòu)成的短語：take a walk 去散步take a rest 休息take care of 照顧take off 脫下

35、；起飛take up 占據(jù)take down 拿下take one s time 不急；慢慢來take one s temperature 量體溫6. the minute i sat down in front of the tv, my mom came over . 【解析 1】the minute = as soon as “ 一. 就.” please write to me the minute you get there. 【解析 2】 in front of 指在物體 外部的前面there is a bike in front of the classroom. 【辨析】指在物

36、體 內(nèi)部的前面our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【注意】 有 the 無 the 區(qū)別大： at table 吃飯；進(jìn)餐at the table 在桌邊in hospital 住院in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看?。窘馕?3】come over 過來【拓展】come 短語：come across （偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn)come back 回來come up with 想出come true實(shí)現(xiàn)come down下來come from=be from 來自,出生于come in/into 進(jìn)入,進(jìn)來come on趕

37、快,加油come along走吧,過來,快點(diǎn)come and go來來去去come up上來come out出來， (花)開，(照片)沖洗出來7. you watch tv all the time and never help out around the house! 【解析】 all the time = always 一直；總是【拓展】 與 time相關(guān)的短語 ：on time 按時(shí)in time 及時(shí)at the same time同時(shí)from time to time 偶爾the first time 第一次at times 有時(shí)time and time again 一再；經(jīng)常l

38、ast time 上次 next time 下次8. im just as tired as you are! 我和你一樣累！【解析】 as.as . 和.一樣. 【注】 比較級倍數(shù)表達(dá)句型 為：倍數(shù) +as+形容詞、副詞原級 +as+比較對象9. for one week , she did not do any housework and neither did i. 【解析】 neither +助動(dòng)詞 /系動(dòng)詞 /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語“ 某人（主語）也不”兩者都不neither nor 既不也不, 連接兩個(gè)詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞由后一個(gè)主語確定拿；取吃；喝；服用乘（車；船等）花費(fèi)（時(shí)間； 金錢）i

39、n front of in the front of 第8頁 共 45 頁neither tom nor jim is a student 10. the next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 【解析】 find +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語11. “ i m so sorry, mom. i finally understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” i replied.

40、【解析 1】need v 需要用于肯定句，是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。(1)人做主語， sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主語， sth need doing sth= sth need to be done students need _(have) a good rest in studying. the watch needs_(mend). 用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1) neednt = dont have to 沒有必要(2) need, must 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用 neednt must i go there now? yes，y

41、ou must/no, you needn t【解析 2】share 分享；共用share sth. with sb. 與某人分享某物12. could i hang out with my friends after the movie? 【解析】 hang out 閑逛hang up 把.懸掛/掛起13. could you please pass me the salt ? 【解析】 pass v 給；遞；pass sb. sth 把某物遞給某人pass on 傳遞v 通過；路過i pass your home. v 通過（考試）；及格tom can pass his math exam

42、. 14. could i borrow that book? could you lend me some money? 【解析】 borrow /lend/keep(1) borrow 與 from 連用，尤指主語 “ 【借進(jìn)來 ” 】borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那借某物you can borrow the book from the library. (2) lend 借出,與 to 搭配 【指借出去】lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. 把某物借給某人he doesn t want to lend his book to others.(3)

43、 keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用）【指借一段時(shí)間】【記】 i want to _ a bike from my friend but he didnt _ it to me, because tom had _ it for two days. 15. i cut my finger and im trying not to get it wet. 【解析】 try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事?！就卣埂?1)try on 試穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【側(cè)重盡力做】(3) try doing sth 試圖做某事【側(cè)重嘗試做】

44、(4) try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事16. i hate to do chores.我討厭做家務(wù)?！窘馕觥?hate to do sth . 表示某次具體行為或動(dòng)作。i hate to trouble him. hate doing sth. 表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性行為或動(dòng)作。she hates smoking in her 第9頁 共 45 頁room. 17. could i ask you to help me with some chores then? 【解析】 ask sb. to do sth 要求

45、某人做某事。ask for 請求，要某物ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事(1)ask sb. for help 向某人請求幫助(2) ask sb. (not) to do sth請求某人做某事ask構(gòu)成的短語：ask sb. to do sth 請某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth 不讓某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 尋求幫助18. ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 【解析 1】finish doing sth 完成某事【解析

46、 2】while conj. “在期間； 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候 ” , 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞 ?！窘馕?3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上幫助某人?！咀ⅰ?help v 幫助 helpful adj. 有幫助的(1) help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事(2) with the help of sb.=with ones help在某人的幫助之下(3) without the help of 沒有在 的幫助之下unit 4 why dont you talk to your parents?section a 1.

47、why dont you talk to your parents? 【解析】 why dont you do sth ?= why not do sth? 為什么不 .呢？【拓展】 用于提建議的句型 有：(1)what about doing sth ?=how about doing sth? . 怎么樣？(2)why don t you do sth?= why not do sth? 為什么不呢？(3)let s do sth. (4)shall we/i do sth? (5)had better do/not do sth (6) will/would you please do

48、sth (7) would you like to do sth? (8)would you mind doing sth？【回答】(1). 同意對方的建議 時(shí)，一般用： good idea./ thats good idea. 好主意ok/ all right./ great 好/ 行/太好了 yes, please ./ i d love to 是的/ 我愿意 i agree with you 我同意你的看法 no problem 沒問題sure/ of course/ certainly 當(dāng)然可以 yes, i think so 對，我也這樣想(2). 對對方的幫助或要求表示 委婉謝絕

49、時(shí)，一般用： i don t think so 我認(rèn)為不是這樣 sorry, i cant 對不起，我不能第10頁 共 45 頁 i d love to, but i m afraid我愿意，但恐怕 2. i have to study too muchsoi don t get enough sleep.【解析 1】(1) too many + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 許多too many people (2) too much + 不可數(shù)名詞許多 too much homework (3) much too + 形容詞太 much too cold【解析 2】so conj. 因此 (表示因果關(guān)系，后跟

50、表示結(jié)果的句子，不與because同時(shí)使用）3. my parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends. 【解析】 allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事allow doing sth 允許做某事they don t allow smoking.allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事 my mother allows me to watch tv. 【拓展】 allow 與 let 的辨析： allow 指“允許”，表示“默許，聽任，不加阻止” ，let 指“讓” ，let sb do sth讓某人做某事，語意

51、較弱，多用于口語中，let 不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。4. what s wrong? 【解析】 whats wrong (with sb./ sth) （某人 /物） 怎么了？5. you look sad, kim. 【解析】 look 看起來 （系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作賓語）【拓展】 ：系動(dòng)詞：后跟 adj. 作表語一是： （be） am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安靜二保持： stay/keep （表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)）stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康三變化： become/get/turn （表示狀態(tài)變化）五起來： sound/look/s

52、mell/taste/feel （表示感覺）7. you could call him up. 你可以給他打電話。【解析】 call up (v + adv.) i call up my parents every sunday. 8. well, i found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 【解析 1】find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事mr. wang found li dong reading a storybook in the class. 類似動(dòng)詞： hear，watch, see, feel ，

53、notice 【解析 2】look through 瀏覽look for 尋找look after=take care of照看look like 看起來像look the same看起來一樣look over 檢查look out 小心,從里向外看look up 向上看,查單詞look around環(huán)視look forward to 期望9. yes, but im still angry with her. 【解析】 be angry with sb. 生某人的氣【拓展】 angry adj. 生氣的angrily adv. 生氣地(1)be angry with sb. 對某人生氣【 w

54、ith 后接人】(2)be angry at/about sth對某事感到生氣【at 后接事】(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生氣10. although shes wrong, its not a big deal. 【解析 1】although= though 盡管, 用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句?！咀ⅰ?though / although 不能與 but 連用【拓展】 although/however辨析 although conj， “雖然；即使；縱然” ，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)放在主句前后都可。although he is very old, yet he is quite

55、 strong. 他雖然年紀(jì)大了， 但身體還很健第11頁 共 45 頁壯。 however adv，在句中作插入語， 起一個(gè)連詞的作用， 一般用逗號與句子分開，可以放在句首或句中，意為“然而，盡管如此 ” 。it s raining hard. however, i think we should go out. 【解析 2】it s not a big deal. 沒什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口語中）11. you left your homework at home. 你把作業(yè)忘在家里了?！窘馕觥?leave v 遺忘，留下leave sth . somewhere 把某物忘在某地l

56、eave sb. by oneself 把某人單獨(dú)留下12. hope things work out. 希望事情順利解決?！窘馕?1】hope v 希望hope to do sth i hope to visit guilin. hope + that 從句 （表示希望）i hope that youll be better soonwish v 希望wish to do sth i wish to visit guilin. wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事i wish you to go. wish +that 從句表示愿望， 從句用虛擬語氣i wish i were

57、you. 【解析 2】work out 解決；成功地發(fā)展，后跟fine, well, badly 等詞，表明產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果如何。work out 13. my problem is i cant get on with my favorite. 【解析】 get on with sb. 和某人和睦相處；和某人關(guān)系良好=get along with get on well/ badly with 相處的好 /壞14. when they argue,it s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.【解析 1】argue 爭吵argument n

58、爭論have an argument with sb. 與某人辯論argue with sb. about sth 為某事與某人爭吵【解析 2】hang over 掛在.之上； 懸浮在 .之上hang out 閑逛；常去某處he likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop. 15. also, my elder brother is not very nice to me. 【解析】 elder adj.年紀(jì)較長的his elder brother is ill. elder 用來表示兄弟姐妹及子女之間的長幼關(guān)系，常用作定語olde

59、r 泛指新舊、老幼或年齡的大小關(guān)系，可以用作表語，是old 的比較級形式?！窘馕?2】be nice to sb. 對某人友好be friendly to sb. be good to sb. 16. he always refuses to let me watch my favorite tv show. 【解析】 refuse=say no to v 拒絕refuse to do sth拒絕去做某事17. instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 【解析 1】 instead 代替，反而，替計(jì)算出（答案、數(shù)量、價(jià)格

60、等）the math problem is too difficult for me to work out 制定出（計(jì)劃等）i have worked out a new way of doing it. 解決；找出 的答案the government has many problems to work out. 第12頁 共 45 頁(1) instead 副詞，代替， 常放在句首或句尾 , 表示前面的事情沒做，而做了后面的事情。lee was ill so i went instead. 李病了，所以我去了。(2) instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中inste