動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教案

1、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教案 徐紅平2012-90 / 14動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)目標(biāo)：1. 掌握英語(yǔ)的八種基本時(shí)態(tài)和幾種常考時(shí)態(tài) 2. 了解并熟練掌握高考的幾種熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài) 3. 區(qū)分并正確運(yùn)用幾種易混時(shí)態(tài)一、英語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)：一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)一般將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)/過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)/練兵場(chǎng) 穩(wěn)操勝券1. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 1820.A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has

2、taken答案 A解析: 飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。2. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She_before.A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying答案 C解析: hadnt flown動(dòng)作發(fā)生在was nervous之前。3. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months andthen went to

3、 America.A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working答案 A解析: 考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的順承的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。4. - Your job _ open for your return.- Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep   C. had kept D. had been kept答案 A解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態(tài)，由句意“隨時(shí)歡迎你回來(lái)工作

4、”可知用將來(lái)時(shí)。5. - _ you _ him around the museum yet?- Yes. We had a great time there.A. Have; shown B. Do; show    C. Had; shown D. Did; show答案 A解析: 此處表示說(shuō)話者詢問(wèn)對(duì)方“有沒(méi)有帶領(lǐng)他參觀博物館”的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。6. - I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.- Impossible. She _ TV with me in my

5、home then.A. watched B. had watched   C. would watch D. was watching答案 D解析: 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“我昨晚8點(diǎn)鐘在公園看見(jiàn)簡(jiǎn)和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她當(dāng)時(shí)正在我家和我一起看電視?！贝颂帟r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。7. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time.A. sold B. had been sold   C. were sold

6、D. would sell答案 C解析: 由“were so.”可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；flowers應(yīng)該是“被賣光”，故用被動(dòng)形式。8. - Whats that noise?- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.A. was tested B. will be tested   C. is being tested D. has been tested答案 C解析: 根據(jù)一對(duì)一的問(wèn)答可知，“機(jī)器正在被檢測(cè)”，故選C項(xiàng)。9. In a room above the store，where a party _, some work

7、ers were busilysetting the table.A. was to be held B. has been held   C. will be held D. is being held答案 A解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“some workers were busily setting the table”判斷，聚會(huì)還沒(méi)舉行，應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，且整個(gè)句子用了過(guò)去時(shí)，故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。10. - I have got a headache.- No wonder. You _ in front of that computer too long.A. work B

8、. are working   C. have been working D. worked答案 C解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由“I have got a headache”可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作“從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)至今且還會(huì)進(jìn)行下去”，體現(xiàn)過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響及結(jié)果。二、熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài): 一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. I _ you not to move my dictionary-now I cannot find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked2. - The window is d

9、irty. - I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clear C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned3. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating4. - Has Sam finished his homework today? - I have no idea. He

10、_ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done5. - Have you decided already? - Yes, I_ at once. - Yes, I_ already. A. have decided B. decided C. will decide D. had decided三、易混時(shí)態(tài)辨析:1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1). Listen to the two girls by the window. What language _ they _ (speak)?2). I _ ping-pong

11、 quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year.A. will play B. have played C. played D. play一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)指經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示此刻或近一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1). He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; ha

12、d finished D. wrote; will finish 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2). As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行時(shí),被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷,長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行體,短動(dòng)作用一般體。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，具有持續(xù)和未完成的含義。3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1). I _ (l

13、ive) there for six years when I was a kid.2). He _ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. was living3). When I was at college I _ three foreign languages but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgo

14、tten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten二者所表示動(dòng)作均發(fā)生在過(guò)去。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅指動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生了，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但影響到現(xiàn)在仍然存在。四、 挑戰(zhàn)高考 信心滿滿1. Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking off   C. has taken off D. took off答案 B解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞go，come，lea

15、ve及詞組take off等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2. John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he _ for the wedding.A. will plan B. has planned   C. would plan D. had planned答案 D解析: plan表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在spend這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意為：我的朋友約翰上周結(jié)婚了，婚禮花去了3 000美元，超過(guò)了原計(jì)劃。3. - Did you see a man in

16、black pass by just now?- No, sir. I _ a newspaper.A. read B. was reading   C. would read D. am reading答案 B解析: 由just now判斷應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又由語(yǔ)境“穿黑衣服的人路過(guò)時(shí)，我正在看報(bào)，所以沒(méi)看見(jiàn)他”知空處要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。4. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there several years ago.A. are going B. had been   C. went D. have be

17、en答案 C解析: 句中several years ago是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志。5. - Have you got any job offers?- No. I _.A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting答案 D解析: 句意為：“有人給你提供工作了嗎？”“沒(méi)有，我正在等著?！庇矛F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。6. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _ safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had

18、arrived D. will arrive答案 B句意: 當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了。解答：根據(jù)選項(xiàng)此題考察時(shí)態(tài)。此題可以根據(jù)句意也可以使用排除法。 句意為“當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了”B選項(xiàng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成，譯為“已經(jīng)”。同時(shí)也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)也可以用will + do表示將來(lái)，因此A和D同時(shí)排除，C為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí)句中一定要有一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，因此C也排除，選擇B.7. - Tommy is planning to buy a car.- I know. By nex

19、t month, he _ enough for a used one.A. saves B .saved C. will save D. will have saved答案 D解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“Tommy將計(jì)劃買車。我知道，到下個(gè)月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了。”by next month是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，全句表示在將來(lái)next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動(dòng)作，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買一輛舊車。故選D。8. - That must have been a long trip.- Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking答案 C解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為