新課標(biāo)Book 8 Unit 2 Cloning 語言點(diǎn)課件

1、1. differ vi. 不一致不一致, 不同不同, 相異相異, 不同意不同意, 意見相左意見相左常見的搭配有：常見的搭配有：a and b differ in a differs from bsb differ from/ with sb on/ about / over /upon sth拓展拓展different adj. difference n. be different from 與與不同不同 make no difference to sb. make a difference 對對沒有影響沒有影響起作用起作用,產(chǎn)生影響產(chǎn)生影響現(xiàn)代飛機(jī)跟早期的在很多方面有所不同?，F(xiàn)代飛機(jī)跟早期

2、的在很多方面有所不同。modern airplanes differ from early ones in many ways.對于如何解決問題對于如何解決問題, 我跟他的意見不一致。我跟他的意見不一致。i differ with him on how to solve the problem. 即時練習(xí)：即時練習(xí)： 用介詞用介詞 from, with, on, about, upon 或或 in 填空。填空。 (1) we differ _ him _ _ that question. (2) the two nations differ _ culture and religion. (3

3、) the climate here differ _ that of the south.from/withon/about/upon / overinfrom/ with2. exact a. 精確的，準(zhǔn)確的，精密的，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)木_的，準(zhǔn)確的，精密的，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膆er exact age an exact thinker we need exact instruments. exactly ad. 精確地，準(zhǔn)確地，確切地；精確地，準(zhǔn)確地，確切地；(答語，表示贊同或答語，表示贊同或強(qiáng)調(diào)正確）的確如此，正是強(qiáng)調(diào)正確）的確如此，正是真題再現(xiàn)真題再現(xiàn)（2008四川）四川）-i think tracy ne

4、eds to find herself a new job. - . this is what we have been talking about.a.exactly b. cheer up c. please do d. really3. pay off 帶來好結(jié)果，取得成功帶來好結(jié)果，取得成功 pay sth. off 付清，償清付清，償清 pay sb. off 付清工資解雇（某人）付清工資解雇（某人）他的計(jì)劃成功了嗎？他的計(jì)劃成功了嗎？did his plan pay off?他們?nèi)瓴胚€清債務(wù)。他們?nèi)瓴胚€清債務(wù)。it took them three years to pay of

5、f the debt.a用介詞用介詞back, off, to,填空填空:1) -your effort is sure to pay_. - thank you for your encouragement2) the supermarket _ which he had ever paid a visit, was burnt to the ground.3) how can i pay you _ for all your kindness?4) well, after these years, weve at last paid _ all our debts. offtobackof

6、f4. undertake vt.實(shí)施，從事，著手做，承擔(dān)實(shí)施，從事，著手做，承擔(dān), 擔(dān)任擔(dān)任, 許諾許諾, 保證，采取保證，采取,答應(yīng)答應(yīng)undertake sth 承擔(dān)某事承擔(dān)某事 a task/ project 承擔(dān)一個任務(wù)承擔(dān)一個任務(wù)/項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目undertake to do sth 許諾做某事許諾做某事/ 同意做某事同意做某事undertake that 保證保證我愿意承接這項(xiàng)變革的責(zé)任。我愿意承接這項(xiàng)變革的責(zé)任。 i can undertake the responsibility for the change.他許諾當(dāng)我們的向?qū)S諾當(dāng)我們的向?qū)?he undertook to b

7、e our guide .這個過程很難實(shí)施。這個過程很難實(shí)施。the procedure is difficult to undertake.即時練習(xí)：即時練習(xí)：完成下列句子。完成下列句子。 (1) he will _ next month (去旅行去旅行). (2) he _ (承擔(dān)了一承擔(dān)了一項(xiàng)新任務(wù)項(xiàng)新任務(wù)).undertook a new taskundertake a journey 我不能保證我能按時做完它我不能保證我能按時做完它. i cant undertake you that ill finish it on time .5. disturb vt. 擾亂擾亂, 使不安使不

8、安, 弄亂弄亂 disturbed adj. 被擾亂的被擾亂的, 煩惱的煩惱的, 不安的不安的 disturbing adj. 令人不安的令人不安的 / 引起煩惱的引起煩惱的 即時練習(xí)：即時練習(xí)： 用用disturb, disturbing, disturbed填空。填空。 (1) im very _ about alice. (2) dont _ the papers on my desk. (3) this country is in a _ state. (4) what _ news it is! (5) a light wind _ the surface of the water.

9、 disturbeddisturbeddisturbingdisturbingdisturb6. cast down：feeling unhappy and depressed使沮喪使沮喪, 低沉，低沉， 使下降使下降, 推翻推翻 be cast down (by sth) (因某事）沮喪，不愉快因某事）沮喪，不愉快 實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗使得他很沮喪。實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗使得他很沮喪。 he was much cast down by the failure of the experiment. 不要沮喪。繼續(xù)保持你的精神。不要沮喪。繼續(xù)保持你的精神。dont be so cast down. just keep u

10、p your spirits.研究克隆的科學(xué)家們沮喪地發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉得的病更容易發(fā)研究克隆的科學(xué)家們沮喪地發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉得的病更容易發(fā)生在年老的動物身上。生在年老的動物身上。cloning scientists _ that dollys illnesses were more _ a much older animal.were cast down to findappropriate to 即時練習(xí)：即時練習(xí)： 將下列句子譯成英語將下列句子譯成英語 (1) 聽到這個消息他很沮喪。聽到這個消息他很沮喪。 _ (2) 發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相使他很沮喪。發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相使他很沮喪。 _ cast away丟棄丟棄,

11、拋棄拋棄, 使失事使失事, 使漂流使漂流 cast off 放棄；丟棄放棄；丟棄, 擺脫擺脫 cast out趕走趕走, 驅(qū)逐驅(qū)逐he was cast down to hear the news.finding out the truth made him cast down. 7. altogether dolly lived for six years, altogether adv. 全部，總共全部，總共 這個中心區(qū)在這次颶風(fēng)中失去了這個中心區(qū)在這次颶風(fēng)中失去了1000多棵樹。多棵樹。altogether the centre lost more than 1,000 trees in

12、 the hurricane. 總而言之總而言之 總之，我們的成就是巨大的?？傊?，我們的成就是巨大的。 完全地完全地(completely) 他并不完全確信接下去做什么。他并不完全確信接下去做什么。altogether, our achievements are great.hes not altogether sure what to do next.cf: all together與與altogether 作作“總共總共”解時，它們可以互換使用。解時，它們可以互換使用。 我們班總共有我們班總共有42個學(xué)生。個學(xué)生。 all together作作 “一道一道,一起一起” 解時解時,不能用不能

13、用altogether替換。如：他們一起來。替換。如：他們一起來。 altogether意為意為“完全地，徹底地，總計(jì)，總而言完全地，徹底地，總計(jì)，總而言之之”，不可與，不可與all together互換，用于否定句時是部互換，用于否定句時是部分否定。如：分否定。如：這這是完全不可能的。是完全不可能的。there were altogether/ all together 42 students in the class.they came all together.its altogether out of the question. 我并不完全贊同你的看法。我并不完全贊同你的看法。i do

14、nt altogether agree with you.8. object to 反對；不同意反對；不同意 object to sb/sth object to doing sth object to sb doing sth have/make an objection to (doing) sth反對反對/不贊成某人某事不贊成某人某事反對做某事反對做某事反對某人做某事反對某人做某事對對表示反對表示反對我們反對因?yàn)橐粋€人的錯誤懲罰整個班級。我們反對因?yàn)橐粋€人的錯誤懲罰整個班級。we objected to punishing the whole class for ones mistake

15、.你對這個計(jì)劃有什么異議嗎？你對這個計(jì)劃有什么異議嗎？do you have any objections to the plan? object that 反駁反駁,反對反對他反駁說警察沒在有任何證據(jù)的情況下就逮捕了他。他反駁說警察沒在有任何證據(jù)的情況下就逮捕了他。he objected that the police had arrected him without any evidence. 9. obtain vt. （尤指經(jīng)努力）獲得，贏得（尤指經(jīng)努力）獲得，贏得他沒能獲得獎學(xué)金。他沒能獲得獎學(xué)金。he didnt obtain a scholarship.常用結(jié)構(gòu)常用結(jié)構(gòu):obta

16、in sth from sb/sth 從從獲得某物獲得某物我們終于通過努力得到了我們一直想要的東西。我們終于通過努力得到了我們一直想要的東西。we finally obtained what we had always wanted from hard word.obtain sb sth = obtain sth for sb 為某人贏得為某人贏得那部劇使他名聲大震。那部劇使他名聲大震。the play obtained him great fame. = the play obtained great fame for him.10. forbid vt.禁止，不準(zhǔn)，不許禁止，不準(zhǔn)，不許(

17、反義反義permit,allow) forbade /forbad, forbidden, forbidding 公共場所應(yīng)禁止吸煙。公共場所應(yīng)禁止吸煙。forbidsth. doing sth.sb. to do sth.thatsmoking should be forbidden in public places.我不準(zhǔn)你告訴任何人我不準(zhǔn)你告訴任何人i forbid you to tell anyone. 她的父親禁止她喝酒。她的父親禁止她喝酒。 法律禁止在這塊土地上建筑。法律禁止在這塊土地上建筑。即時練習(xí)：即時練習(xí)：完成下列句子完成下列句子(1) the school _ (禁止學(xué)生吸

18、煙禁止學(xué)生吸煙).(2) he is forbidden to _ (進(jìn)進(jìn)入這個房間入這個房間).forbids the students to smokeenter the roomher father forbids her to drink wine.the law forbids building on this land.有些國家比如中國和英國繼續(xù)收集克隆能提供豐富有些國家比如中國和英國繼續(xù)收集克隆能提供豐富的醫(yī)療幫助的證據(jù)。的醫(yī)療幫助的證據(jù)。 some countries such as china and the uk continued to _ of the _ medica

19、l aid that cloning could provide. 11. accumulate vt. vi 積累，聚集積累，聚集 accumulation, accumulative他因努力工作而積蓄了一筆財(cái)富。他因努力工作而積蓄了一筆財(cái)富。he _ by hard work.我不在期間灰塵積聚了起來。我不在期間灰塵積聚了起來。_ during my absence. accumulated a fortunedust accumulatedaccumulate evidenceabundant12. (be) in favour of 贊成；有利于贊成；有利于=support/be fo

20、r 與與be against相對。相對。 他贊成這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃嗎？他贊成這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃嗎？is he in favour of the plan?拓展：拓展：in sbs favor do sb a favor =do a favor for sbin favor with sb.對某人有利對某人有利幫某人忙做幫某人忙做受某人支持受某人支持目前我沒有得到大家的支持。目前我沒有得到大家的支持。at present i am not in favor with everyone.今天你能幫個忙去學(xué)校接邁克嗎？今天你能幫個忙去學(xué)校接邁克嗎？could you do me a favor to pick up m

21、ike from school?與與in favour of 結(jié)構(gòu)相同的短語有：結(jié)構(gòu)相同的短語有：in praise of 表揚(yáng)表揚(yáng) in honor of /in memory of 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念in case of 如果如果, 假使假使 in charge of 掌管掌管in possession of 擁有擁有 in consequence of 由于由于, 作為作為的結(jié)果的結(jié)果13. owe vt. 欠；應(yīng)該把欠；應(yīng)該把歸功于；感激，感恩歸功于；感激，感恩 經(jīng)典例句經(jīng)典例句 he owes his father 50. = he owes 50 to his father. 他欠他父親他欠

22、他父親50英鎊。英鎊。 we owe this discovery to newton. 我們的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)歸功於牛頓。我們的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)歸功於牛頓。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)常用結(jié)構(gòu) owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠欠(某人某人)債債 owe sth. to sb./sth.將某事物歸因或歸功於某人將某事物歸因或歸功於某人/事事 短語填空短語填空 he _ his success_ his parents! 他把自己的成功歸功于他的父母他把自己的成功歸功于他的父母 we _ a great deal _ our parents. 我們深受父母之恩。我們深受父母之恩。 we _ _ n

23、ewton the principle of gravitation. 我們?nèi)颗ｎD才知道引力的原理。我們?nèi)颗ｎD才知道引力的原理。 owesowetoowe to to14.bother bother sb.with/about sth.為某事打擾或麻煩某人為某事打擾或麻煩某人bother about/with sth.為某事煩惱為某事煩惱/操心操心bother to do/doing sth.操心做某事操心做某事it bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦惱的是使某人苦惱的是vt.vt.打擾打擾vi.vi.操心操心n. 令人煩惱的事令人煩惱的事 dont bother

24、 mary while shes reading. 瑪麗讀書的時候不要打擾她?，旣愖x書的時候不要打擾她。 i dont want to bother you with my problems. 我不想讓你因?yàn)槲业膯栴}而擔(dān)心。我不想讓你因?yàn)槲业膯栴}而擔(dān)心。 you neednt bother with your sons life. after all, he is not young now. 你不必為你兒子的生活操心，畢竟他現(xiàn)在不小了。你不必為你兒子的生活操心，畢竟他現(xiàn)在不小了。15. be bound to do 一定；注定(做) 聯(lián)想拓展聯(lián)想拓展 be bound to sth. 受限制

25、；被束縛 be bound for 駛/開/飛往的 be bound up with 與有密切關(guān)系 短語填空短語填空 the weather _ _ _ get better tomorrow. 明天天氣一定會變好。 youve done so much work that you_ _ _pass the exam. 你下了這麼大工夫, 一定能考及格。 this ship _ _ _ qingdao.答案：is bound to are bound to is bound for 16.辨析辨析: contain 與與 include contain “包含包含, 含有含有”, 側(cè)重于包含的

26、內(nèi)容或側(cè)重于包含的內(nèi)容或 成分成分, “里面裝有里面裝有”; include “包括包括”, 側(cè)重范圍或整體。側(cè)重范圍或整體。e.g. 1) whisky _ a large percentage of alcohol. 2) the book _ forty maps, _ three of great britain.containscontainsincluding17. the nucleus from sheep b and the egg cell from sheep a are joined using electricity. 從綿羊從綿羊b中取出的細(xì)胞核與從綿羊中取出的細(xì)胞

27、核與從綿羊a中取中取出的卵細(xì)胞用電流使之結(jié)合。出的卵細(xì)胞用電流使之結(jié)合。1) using electricity 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語。為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語。2) 聯(lián)手聯(lián)手, 攜手?jǐn)y手 參加活動參加活動 和某人一起做事和某人一起做事 連起來連起來join handsjoin in sth. / doing sth join sb. in sth.join up18.辨析辨析: take part in, join , join in 與與 attendtake part in 指參加某項(xiàng)活動指參加某項(xiàng)活動, 并以積極的態(tài)度并以積極的態(tài)度 在所參加的活動中起作用；在所參加的活動中起作用；

28、join “加入加入”團(tuán)體或組織；團(tuán)體或組織；join in 指參加活動和游戲；指參加活動和游戲；join sb. in sth. 和某人一起做某事；和某人一起做某事；attend 參加會議參加會議(聽演講、聽音樂、參加婚禮聽演講、聽音樂、參加婚禮)1.使沮喪使沮喪 _2.反對反對_3.贊成贊成; 支持支持_4.償清償清; 取得成功取得成功_5.一直一直; 總是總是_6. 另一方面另一方面_7.引起道德問題引起道德問題_8.對對產(chǎn)生巨大影響產(chǎn)生巨大影響_9.一陣強(qiáng)烈的反對一陣強(qiáng)烈的反對_10.醫(yī)療救助醫(yī)療救助_11.在在20世紀(jì)世紀(jì)50年代年代_12.生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn); 產(chǎn)出產(chǎn)出 _13.科學(xué)突破科學(xué)

29、突破_14.自然生產(chǎn)方式自然生產(chǎn)方式_15.禁止人類克隆禁止人類克隆_16.承擔(dān)一個項(xiàng)目承擔(dān)一個項(xiàng)目_17.適合于適合于 _language points1 the popularity of the film such as jurassic park, in which a scientist clones several different kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how ideas struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts.他的話使我深感恐懼。他的話使我深感恐懼。

30、his words strike terror into my heart.strike：(過去式過去式_;過去分詞過去分詞 _)1). he fell, striking his head on the edge of the table. _2). the area was struck by an outbreak of cholera. _3). an awful thought has just struck me._4). they struck for better working conditions._5). the clock has just struck three.

31、_6) strike a match_exx. 譯譯:1) strike while the iron is hot._2) 我突然想到我們?nèi)绾文芨纳凭置媪?。我突然想到我們?nèi)绾文芨纳凭置媪?。_struckstruck碰，撞，打碰，撞，打（災(zāi)難，疾病等）侵襲，爆發(fā)（災(zāi)難，疾病等）侵襲，爆發(fā)想起，想到想起，想到罷工罷工報(bào)時，敲響報(bào)時，敲響劃，擦火柴劃，擦火柴趁熱打鐵趁熱打鐵it struck me how we could improve the situation.2. we are a long way from being able to clone extinct animals. we

32、are far from being able to clone extinct animals. way n.(兩點(diǎn)之間的兩點(diǎn)之間的)距離距離,時間段時間段想要完全適應(yīng)，她還有很長的路程要走。想要完全適應(yīng)，她還有很長的路程要走。she still has a long way to go before she fully fits in. a way to do /of doing sth. 做做的方法的方法/手段手段 get into the way of doing sth.養(yǎng)成養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣的習(xí)慣 get in the way of sb. doing sth.擋擋的路的路,防礙防礙 ma

33、ke way for sb. 給給讓路讓路/位置位置 3. from time to time people suggest that the animals that have disappeared from the earth, like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning. 人們時常設(shè)想從地球上消失的動物人們時常設(shè)想從地球上消失的動物,例如例如恐龍恐龍,有可能通過克隆技術(shù)使它們復(fù)活。有可能通過克隆技術(shù)使它們復(fù)活。from time to time有時有時, 間或間或, 偶爾偶爾,= occasi

34、onally, now and then。she has to work at weekends from time to time.bring back to life 使復(fù)生使復(fù)生 come back to lifebring sb./sth. back: 把把送回，歸還送回，歸還please bring back all library books by the end of the week.bring sth back: 使回憶起，使想起；使回憶起，使想起； 恢復(fù)，重新使用恢復(fù)，重新使用the photographs brought back many pleasant memori

35、es.most people are against bringing back the death penalty.bring sb. sth./ bring sth. back (for) sb. (給給)帶回帶回i brought a t-shirt back for mark.4. vain: adj. 徒勞的，枉然的，無結(jié)果的；徒勞的，枉然的，無結(jié)果的； 自負(fù)的，自恃過高的自負(fù)的，自恃過高的 vain attempt/hope/effort etc 徒勞的嘗試徒勞的嘗試/希望希望/努力努力she closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears.shes too vain to wear glasses.in vain: 枉費(fèi)心機(jī)，徒勞無益，白費(fèi)力氣枉費(fèi)心機(jī)，徒勞無益，白費(fèi)力氣all our efforts were in vain.they tried in vain to persuade her to go.5 r