2010考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案(便宜)

1、1 2010 考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案2010 年全國(guó)考研考試剛剛落下帷幕，筆者在此特意準(zhǔn)備了2010 考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案，希望能對(duì)廣大考生朋友有一定的幫助，以下為2010 考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案：section i use of english directions: read the following passage. for each numbered blank there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the best one and mark your answers on answer sheet l. (10 poin

2、ts) the outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in mexico was declared a global pandemic on june 11, 2009, in the first designation by the world health organization of a worldwide pandemic in 41 years. the heightened alert came after an emergency meeting with flu experts in geneva that convene

3、d after a sharp rise in cases in australia, and rising numbers in britain, japan, chile and elsewhere. but the pandemic is moderate in severity, according to margaret chan, the organizations director general, with the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recov

4、ery, often in the absence of any medical treatment. the outbreak came to global notice in late april 2009, when mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults. as much of mexico city shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to crop up

5、 in new york city, the southwestern united states and around the world. in the united states, new cases seemed to fade as warmer weather arrived. but in late september 2009, officials reported there was significant flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the samples tested are the

6、new swine flu, also known as (a) h1n1, not seasonal flu. zov&0 1 in the u.s., it has infected more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. federal health officials released tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began taking or

7、ders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. the new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is available ahead of expectations. more than three million doses were to be made available in early october 2009, though most of those initial doses were of the flumist nasal spray t

8、ype, which is not recommended for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other problems. but it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people caring for infants and healthy young people. section rea

9、ding comprehension part a directions: read the following four passages. answer the questions below each passage by choosing a, b, c and d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1.(40 points) text1 the longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by

10、 damien hirst, “beautiful inside my head forever”, at sotheby?s in london on september 15th 2008 (see picture). all but two pieces sold, fetching more than 70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. it was a last hurrah. as the auctioneer called out bids, in new york one of the oldest banks on wal

11、l street, lehman brothers, filed for bankruptcy. the world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. at its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons clare mcandrew, founder of arts economics, a research firmdouble the figure five years

12、earlier. since then it may have come down to $50 billion. but the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries. in the weeks and months that followed mr hirst?s sale, spen

13、ding of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in new york, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. in the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. sales of contempo

14、rary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sectorfor chinese contemporary artthey were 2 down by nearly 90% in the year to november 2008. within weeks the world?s two biggest auction houses, sotheby?s and christie?s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed wo

15、rks for sale with them.the current downturn in the art market is the worst since the japanese stopped buying impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the second world war. this time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their

16、peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. but edward dolman, christie?s chief executive, says: “i?m pretty confident we?re at the bottom.”what makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest ra

17、tes were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. christie?s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of dema

18、nd but a lack of good work to sell. the three ds death, debt and divorcestill deliver works of art to the market. but anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return. 21.in the first paragraph,damien hirsts sale was referred to as “a last victory”because _-. a.the

19、art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoryies b.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids c.beautiful inside my head forever won over all masterpieces d.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis 22.by saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashion

20、able”(line 1-2,para.3),the author suggests that_ . a . collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions b .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries c.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent d .works of art in general had gone ou

21、t of fashion so they were not worth buying 23.which of the following statements is not ture? a .sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008. b.the art market surpassed many other industries in momentum. c.the market generally went downward in various ways. d.some art dealers were aw

22、aiting better chances to come. 24.the three ds mentioned in the last paragraph are _ a.auction houses favorites b.contemporary trends c.factors promoting artwork circulation d.styles representing impressionists 25.the most appropriate title for this text could be _ a.fluctuation of art prices b.up-t

23、o-date art auctions c.art market in decline d.shifted interest in arts text2 i was addressing a small gathering in a suburban virginia living room - a womens group that had invited men to join them. throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdote

24、s while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. toward the end of the evening i commented that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk to them. this man quickly concurred. he gestured toward his wife and said shes the talker in our family. the room burst into laughter; the man

25、 looked puzzled and hurt. its true he explained. when i come home from work i have nothing to say. if she didnt keep the conversation going wed spend the whole evening in silence. this episode crystallizes the irony that although american men tend to talk more than women in public situations they of

26、ten talk less at home. and this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage. the pattern was observed by political scientist andrew hacker in the late 70s. sociologist catherine kohler riessman reports in her new book divorce talk that most of the women she interviewed - but only a few of the men - gave

27、 lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the united states every year - a virtual epidemic of failed conversation. in my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused

28、 not on tangible inequities such 3 as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. instead they focused on communication: he doesnt listen to me he doesnt tal

29、k to me. i found as hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives. in short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting

30、 at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk. 26.what is most wives main expectation of their husbands? a.talking to them. b.trusting them. c.supporting their careers. d. shsring housework. 27.judging from the context ,t

31、he phrase “wreaking havoc”(line 3,para.2)most probably means _ .a generating motivation. b.exerting influence c.causing damage d creating pressure 28.all of the following are true except_ a.men tend to talk more in public tan women b.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversat

32、ion c.women attach much importance to communication between couples d a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse 29.which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ? a.the moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists . b.marriage break_up stems from sex

33、 inequalities. c.husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage. d.conversational patterns between man and wife are different. 30.in the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focus on _ a.a vivid account of the new book divorce talk b.a detailed d

34、escription of the stereotypical cartoon c.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the u.s. d a brief introduction to the political scientist andrew hacker txet3 over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors habits among consumers. these habits h

35、ave helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues. “there are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because

36、we can?t figure out how to change people?s habits,” dr. curtis said. “we wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”the companies that dr. curtis turned to procter & gamble, colgate-palmolive and unilever had invested hundreds of millions of doll

37、ars finding the subtle cues in consumers? lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines. if you look hard enough, you?ll find that many of the products we use every day chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants,

38、 colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins are results of manufactured habits. a century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preven

39、ting scrub twice a day, often with colgate, crest or one of the other brands. a few decades ago, many people didn?t drink water outside of a meal. then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. chewing gu

40、m, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup. “our products succeed when they become

41、 part of daily or weekly patterns,” said carol berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from procter & gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of tide, crest and other products last year. “creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers? lives, and it?s essentia

42、l to making new products commercially viable.”4 through experiments and observation, social scientists like dr. berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. as this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted wh

43、en the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods. 31.according to dr.curtis,habits like hand washing with soap_. a should be further cultivated b should be changed gradually c are deepiy rooted in history d are basically private concerns 32.bottled water,chewing gu

44、n and skin moisturizers are mentioned in paragraph 5 so as to_ a reveal their impact on people?habitsb show the urgent need of daily necessities cindicate their effect on people?buying powerdmanifest the significant role of good habits 33.which of the following does not belong to products that help

45、create people?s habits?atide bcrest c colgate d unilver 34.from the text wekonw that some of consumer?s habits are developed due to _aperfected art of products bautomatic behavior creation ccommercial promotions dscientific experiments 35.the author?sattitude toward the influence of advertisement on

46、 people?s habits is_aindifferent bnegative cpositive dbiased text4 many americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; tha

47、t jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the

48、 conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. the jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. in a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them. but as rec

49、ently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. in some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. although the supreme court of the united states had prohibited intentional racial di

50、scrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. west virginia,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws. the system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20t

51、h century. although women first served on state juries in utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personlly asked to have their names included on the jury lis

52、t. this practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s. in 1968, the congress of the united states passed the jury selection and service act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.this law abolishe

53、d special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. in the landmark 1975 decision taylor v. louisiana, the supreme court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to

54、the state level. the taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors. 36.from the principles of theus jury system,welearn that _ aboth litcrate and illiterate people can serve

55、 on juries bdefendants are immune from trial by their peers cno age limit should be imposed for jury service djudgment should consider the opinion of the public 37.the practice of selecting socalled elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_ athe inadcquavy of antidiscrimination laws 5 bthe prevalent discri

56、mination against certain races cthe conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures 38.even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_ athey were automatically banned by state laws bthey fell far short of the required qualifications cthey were supposed to perform domesti

57、c duties dthey tended to evade public engagement 39.after the jury selection and service act was passed._ asex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished beducational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors cjurors at the state level ought

58、 to be representative of the entire community dstates ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system 40.in discussing the us jury system,the text centers on_ aits nature and problems bits characteristics and tradition cits problems and their solutions dits tradition and developme

59、nt section translation 46.directions: in this section there is a text in english .translate it into chinese. write your translation on answer sheet2.(15points) “suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to ted ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. having endured apainfu

60、l period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice. ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. he?d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with