中考英語代詞詳解及練習(xí)

1、9代詞:代詞的分類：英語中代詞分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等等。第一節(jié) 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞1、人稱代詞：人稱代詞代替人和事物的名稱，分為主格和賓格兩種形式。第一人稱 單數(shù)第二人稱單 數(shù)第三人稱單 數(shù)第人 稱復(fù) 數(shù)第人 稱復(fù) 數(shù)第三人稱 復(fù)數(shù)陽 性陰 性中 性主格I（我）you（你）he（他）she（她）it（它）we（我 們）you（你 們）they （他們,她們，它們）賓格me（我）you（你）him（他）her（她）it（她）us（我 們）you（你 們）them （他們,她們， 它們）go shopping on Sund

2、ays.（星期天我常去購物 ）（1）、主格用來作句子的主語、表語O如：I oftenThat ' s就那么回事）（2）、賓格用來作及物動詞或者介詞的賓語。如:Who teaches you English this year?We often write letters to her.（我們常給他寫信）（）（3）、人稱代詞作表語或者放在比較狀語從句連詞than或as之后時，可以用主格形式，也可以用賓格形式，口語中大多用賓格。如：-Who is it?（是誰？ ） It ' s I/ileB（o ）（4）、三個不同人稱同時出現(xiàn)，或者主語中包含我”時，按照“youhLI”的順序表達(dá)

3、。如:Both he and I are working at that computer company我和他都在那家電腦公司上班）-Who will go there?（誰要去那兒？ ） -You and me.（你和我）（5）、人稱代詞it除了可以指人指物之外，還可以表示 時間、天氣、溫度、距離、情況 含義,此外還可以作非人稱代詞”使用，替代作主語或者賓語的不定式、動名詞或者名詞性從 句。如：-What' s the weather like today?今天天氣怎樣？）一It ' s方渡氣晴好）/-What' s the time?（點啦？）-It '

4、s 00.（12 點）/2、物主代詞：說明事物所屬關(guān)系的代詞，分為形容詞性和名詞性兩種。第一人稱 單數(shù)第二人稱單 數(shù)第三人稱單 數(shù)人稱 復(fù) 數(shù)第二 人稱 復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱復(fù) 數(shù)陽 性陰 性中 性形myyourhisheritsouryourtheir （他們的，她容（我（你的）（他（她（它（我們（你們的，它們的）詞的）的）的）的）的）們性的）名minYourshishersitsoursyourstheirs（他們的，她詞e（你的）（他（她（她（我們（你們的，它們的）性（我的）的）的）的）們的）的）（1卜形容詞性物主代詞 只能作句子中名詞的修飾語 ，后面要跟名詞。如:Is that your um

5、brella?（那是你的傘嗎？）I often go to see my aunt on Sundays我經(jīng)常在星期天去看望阿姨）（2）、名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，既代替事物又表明所屬關(guān)系，在句子中往往獨立地作主 語、賓語或者表語，后面千萬不可以跟名詞。如：This is your cup,but where is mine?（這是你的杯子，可我的在哪兒？）/Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.（你們的教室很大，我們的相當(dāng)小）（3）、 “ of +名詞性物主代詞”稱為雙重所有格，作定語時放在名詞的后面。如：A friend

6、of mine came to see me yesterday.（我的一個朋友昨天來看我了）（指若干朋友中有一個來看我。）試比較My friend came to see me yesterday.（我的朋友昨天來看我了 ）（指我的那個特定的朋友來看我。）3、反身代詞：表示謂語的動作與主語有關(guān)或者賓語補足語的動作與賓語有關(guān)。第一人稱單數(shù)第二人稱單 數(shù)第 三 人 稱 單數(shù)第一人 稱復(fù)數(shù)第二人 稱復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱 復(fù)數(shù)陽 性陰 性中 性mys elf（我 自 己）yourse lf（你自 己）himsel f（他自 己）hersel f（她自 己）itself（它自己）ourselve s（我們自

7、己）yourselv es（你們自 己）themselv es （他們/ 她們/它 們自己）（1）、反身代詞在句子中作賓語表示反射 （指一個動作回到該動作執(zhí)行者本身）。如:Don' t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.（不要玩刀子，那會割傷你的）4.指示代詞：指示說明近處或者遠(yuǎn)處、上文或者下文、以前或者現(xiàn)在的人或事 物。單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)含義this（這個）these（這些）指較近的人和物that（那個）those（那 些）指較遠(yuǎn)的人和物指示代詞既可以單獨使用做句子的主語、賓語或表語，也可以作定語修飾名詞。如:What' s th

8、is?（是什么？ ） /That model plane is made of plastic.（那只模型飛機(jī)是塑料做的）（被動句）/Remember never to do such things.（記得永遠(yuǎn)不要做這樣的事情）/Do the same as the teacher tells you.（按老師說的做）/-Who is it?（是誰? ）-It ' s me!戰(zhàn)!）(1) . 為避免重復(fù).可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名詞 。如：The playground of this school is bigger than that of that schoo

9、l. （That=the playground）My seat is next to that of the mayor. （that=mayor ' s sea俄的座位在市長座位旁邊。(2) .用來回指|±文|提到的事情時,可用 this或that,但是若要指下文|敘述的事情,通常要 用this。如：She is a beautiful girl.Who said that?I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道這一點：她美嗎 ？(3) .在打電話時通常用this指自己，用that指對方：Hello. This is Jim.

10、 Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是約翰嗎(4)除用作代詞外，this和that還可用作 麗1,用以修飾形容詞或副詞，意為這么"、那么"，相當(dāng)于Sd如：I've done only that much.我所做的就這么多。Is he always this busy?他總這么忙嗎?練習(xí)：一、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞填空：1.is my aunt. We often visit. ( she )2. China is a developing country.is in the east of Asia. ( its )3. What day is today? i

11、s Thursday. (its)5. I own a blue bike. The red one i sn ' . ( I )二、用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空1. I ate all sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of? ( you )2. George has lost( his ) pen. Ask Mary if (是否)she will lend him. ( she )3. .Jack has a dog and so have I.(he)dog and( I ) had a fight (打架).4. T

12、he teacher wants you to return that book of( he )5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of are coming to see us. ( they )6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of. (we )7. This isn ' t knife.is green. ( she )8. These are your books Kate.Put in the desk, please.(they )9. must look afte

13、r things. ( you )10. Wei Fang, is that ruler? Yes, it ' s.( you )三.從括號內(nèi)選擇正確的代詞填空1. Your football clothes are on the desk.Please put(they, them, their, theirs) away.2. (We, Us, Our, Ours)English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like(she , her, hers).3. (I, Me , My , Mine) can ' get my kite.Could

14、you help(I , me, my, mine)?4. Tom can ' get down from the tree.Can you help(he , him , his)?5. We can ' find our bikes.Can you help(we, us, our, ours)?6. These are(he, him , his) planes.The white ones are(I , me, mine).反身代詞：7. )1.Those girls enjoyed in the party last night.A.them B. they C.

15、themselves D. herself8. )2.Help to some fish, children.A. yourself B. your C. yours D. yourselves9. )3.The film is very fun.A. it ' B. itself C. it D. its( )4 Who teaches math? T teach.A. your, my self B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself( )5.The father will make a bike.A. her, himself B. s

16、he, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself 6.指示代詞：()1 Who's that at the door?is the postman.A. She B. This C. It D. He()2 -Who's that in the picture?A. It's me B. That's I C. This is a boy D. It's I()3 -Look, who is coming? -must be our English teacher.A. She B. He C. It D. This

17、()4 Someone is knocking at the door, but who can be?A. one B. He C. she D. it5、疑問代詞：用來提出問題的代詞稱為疑問代詞。(1)、who、whom、whose what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑問句中，一般放在句首?？谡Z中也常用 who代替 whom作賓語，但在介詞后則只能用whom。如：Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party?( 你都邀請了誰參加你的生日聚會的？)What does she want to be

18、when she grows up?(她長大了 想干什么?)(2)、who和whom只能獨立使用，其中who可以作句子的主語、表語或動詞的賓語,whom只能作謂語動詞的賓語.Who is that man?(那男的是誰？)What colour are their hats?(他們的帽子是什么顏色？)Which car was made in Germany?(哪輛車是德國造的？)(被動句)(3)、which除了可以詢問指代的情況之外 ，還可以針對說明人物的時間、地點、歲數(shù)、顏色、大小、狀況等進(jìn)行提問。如：練習(xí)()1 is the best season of the year?A. When

19、 B. What C. Which D. What time()2 -is your sister?-She is a nurse.A. What B. Which C. How D. Who()3 -colour are your new shoes?-They are brown.A. Any B. Whose C. Which D. What()4 -is your classmate John like?-He's very tall.A. How B. What C. Who D. Which()5.has happened and did it?A. Who; who B.

20、 What; who C. What; what D. Who; what()6. Who waiting outside? Please ask them to come in.A. is B. has C. have D. are()7. -is that man over there?-He's Mr Green.A. What B. Which C. How D. Who()8. -is the boy standing there?-He is my brother.A. Which B. What C. How D. Who()9. Who the little Ameri

21、can boy over there?A. were B. are C. is D.1 am()10. Who these tall men?A. is B. am C. are D. was6、不定代詞：代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞單數(shù)含義someno/each everyoneeither, neithersothe other, another復(fù)合 不定代 詞不可 數(shù)含義anynonemuchlittle, a littleall/復(fù)數(shù)含義manyfew, a fewonesbothothers,the others注：復(fù)合不定代詞有12個：something（某事）,so

22、meone（某人）,somebody（某人）,anything（任何事）, anyone（任何人）,anybody（任何人）,nothing（沒事）,nobody（沒有人）,no one（沒有人）,everything（ 切）,everyone（每個人）,everybody（每個人）.（1）some和any的用法：some一般用于肯定句中，意思是 幾個“、些“、某個“作定語時可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可 數(shù)名詞。如I have some work to do today.（今天我有些事情要做 ）/They will go there some day.（他們有朝一日會去那兒 ）some用于疑問句時，表

23、示建議、請求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Would you like some coffee with sugar?（你要加糖的咖啡嗎？）any 一般用于疑問句或否定句中，意思是任何一些”、任何一個”作定語時可修飾可數(shù)或 不可數(shù)名，如： They didn ' t have any friends here.（他們在這里沒有朋友）/Have you got any questions to ask?（你有問題要問嗎？ ）any用于肯定句時 意思是 任何的"。Come here with any friend .（隨便帶什么朋友來吧。）（2）no和none的用法:no是形容詞，只能

24、作定語表示，意思是沒有”修飾可數(shù)名詞（單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)）或不可數(shù)名詞。如:There is no time left. Please hurry up.（沒有時間了，請快點）/They had no reading books to lend.（他們沒有閱讀用書可以出借）none只能獨立使用，在句子中可作主語、賓語和表語，意思是 沒有一個人（或事物）”表示復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù)。如：None of them is/are in the classroom.（他們當(dāng)中沒有一個在教室里）/I have many books, but none is interesting我有很多的書，但沒有一本是有趣的 ）（3）a

25、ll和both的用法：all指三者或三者以上的人或物，用來代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞；也可用來代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。both指兩個人或物，用來代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。all和both在句子中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。如：I know all of the four British students in their school.(他們學(xué)校里四個英國學(xué)生我全認(rèn)識)/-Would you like this one or that one? Both.(你要這個還是那個？兩個都要。)(4)every 和 each 用法：every是形容詞，只能作定語修飾單數(shù)名詞，意思是 每一個”表示整體概念；each是形

26、容詞、代詞,可用作主語、賓語、定語等，意思是 每個”或者 各個”表示單個概念; each可以放在名詞前，可以后跟of短語，與動詞同時出現(xiàn)時要放在“b劭詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞”之后或者行為動詞之前(5)either 和 neither 的用法：either意思是 兩個中間的任何一個"；neither是either的否定形式，意思是 兩個都不"。neither和either在句子中可作主語、賓語和定語等，都用作單數(shù)。如：I don ' t care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do.-Will you go

27、 there by bus or by car? -Neither. I will go there by train.(6)other、the other 和 another 的用法：(7)many和 much的用法：many意思是 很多”與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用；much意思是 很多”與不可數(shù)名詞連用。它們在句中可作主語、賓語和定語等。如：I don ' t have many friends he在笆里我沒有很多的朋友 )Many died in the bus accident.(許多人在公交車禍中喪失)We can learn much with the help of him.(

28、在他的幫助之下我們能學(xué)到很多)(8)few、little、a few、a little 的用法:(9)復(fù)合不定代詞 somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody 等是由 some , any ,no ,every,加上body, thing構(gòu)成的，叫做復(fù)合不定代詞，在句子中當(dāng)單數(shù)使用。somebody, something, someone一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語從句中。修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的定語，應(yīng)放在它們的后面。如： Hey,Lily. The

29、re is someone outside the door.Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?(10)one與ones用來代替上文的一個或多個人或事物，前面可以加冠詞、形容詞、指示代詞、 which 等。如：Which jacket would you like, this one or that one?(你要哪件夾克，這件還是那件？I don ' t like the green ones.汴喜歡綠色的那些 )(11) so可以代替一件事情，作句子的賓語或表語。I don ' t think s

30、o.認(rèn)為不是這樣的。)/He lost a book. So did I.(他丟失了一本書，我也是。)(12)a lot of、 lots of、 a number of( /large numbers of)、 a great deal of、 plenty of 的區(qū)別:五個 名詞+介詞”短語都表示 大量，許多”，a lot of(或lots of)既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，可以相應(yīng)地?fù)Q為much 和 many;plenty of足夠、大量”既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。a number of / large numbers of只可以修飾可數(shù)名

31、詞復(fù)數(shù)形式(它修飾的詞作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式)可以換為 some、many、a lot of、plenty of。a great deal of只可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞(它修飾的詞作主語時謂語用單數(shù)形式)可以換為much。(13)none、 no one、 nobody 的區(qū)另kno one和nobody都表示 沒有人”僅指人，后面不跟of短語,作主語時謂語用單數(shù)形式；none表示沒有一個人/物”可指人也可以指物，后面可跟of短語，作主語時謂語可用單數(shù)也 可用復(fù)數(shù)。如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.(沒有人知道他是怎樣搞到那張票的)/N

32、obody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.( 昨天沒有個人交作文。)/None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天沒有一個朋友來看我。)9、相互代詞：表示相互關(guān)系的詞叫相互代詞。each other ,one another是相互代詞，譯成 互相”可以通用。each other表示兩者之間，而one anther表示許多人之間。它們有所有格形式each other ' s ,one another: ' sWe must help each other when we a

33、re in trouble.(我們身處困境時要互相幫助。)They sat there without talking to one another / each other.(他們坐在那兒，互相都不說話。)21( )1 Listen to me. I have to tell you.A. anything new B. something new C. new something D. nothing new( )2 By the way, is there in today's newspaper?A. something new B. anything new C. new s

34、omething D. new anything( )3 Please be quiet. I have to tell you.A. important something B. nothing importantC. important anything D. something important( )4 I'm not busy. I haven't to do.A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything( )5 has happened, I want you to tell me about it.A. Som

35、ething B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing22( )1 Yesterday morning boy broke into the garden.A. any B. some C. many D. much( )2 twenty boys were playing football at that time yesterday.A. Each B. Some C. No one D. Neither( )3 Now I have questions. Let's go to ask our teacher.A. any B. much C. s

36、ome D. a lot23( )1 If you like these apples, you can take.A. any B. a lot C. that . D. this( )2 I will do for my motherland.A. anything B. many C. much D. something()3 -Did they find in the park?-No, they found there.A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybodyC. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody

37、( )1 I don't know of these people, for they are new workers.A. any B. some C. one D. much( )2 He didn't take one. They are all here.A. many B. any C. a little D. that()3 1 haven't read of the books.A few of the books are too difficult for me to read. A. any B. some C. two D. both 全章鞏固基礎(chǔ)題

38、：I.You may come to my house this week next week.A .neither; or B .from ; to C .either ;or D. either; nor2.1 don ' t think we can do it all.A. by ourselvesB. by myself C. by ourself D .by yourselves1.1 don ' t want this shirt. Please show meA .othersB .the others C .anotherD .the other1.2 can

39、 eptair the model ship. Can you help?A .me; meB. myself ;myself C .myself ;meD. me ; myself5 .Does your brother often wash clothes?A. heB .himselfC. herselfD .him6 . We study Chinese,English ,maths and some subjects.A .the otherB. oneC .otherD .another6.1 have two sisters .of them are doctors.A. Bot

40、hB. AllC .EitherD. Neither8 .The book on the shelf is.She wrote name on its cover .A .Hers ; her ;herself B. Her; hers; herself C. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself9 ." Don' t worry . There ' s much wrong with you. " said the doctor.A. nothingB .everything C. something D .very10 .These shoes are too small. You may buy some s