初三英語復(fù)習之 冠詞與數(shù)詞

1、一、冠詞一、冠詞By CarolineWarming Upn1. When Linda was a child, her mother always let her have _ bed. nA. the breakfast in nB. the breakfast in the nC. breakfast in nD. breakfast in the C2. Beyond _ stars the astronaut saw nothing but _ space. A. the, / B. /，the C. /，/ D. the, the Bn3. Many people agree th

2、at _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today.a/n4.-Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning。- Is it_ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.aan5. Xian was _ starting point of _ world-famous “Silk Road”.thethe1. 不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法n(1) a和和an均用在單數(shù)名均用在單數(shù)名詞之前，表示詞之前，表示某一類某一類人或人或事物

3、。例如：事物。例如：nJohn is a student. nMary is an English teacher.n(2) 指指某一類人某一類人或或事事物中物中的的任何一個任何一個。例如。例如:nA steel worker makes steel. nPass me an apple, please.n(3) 指某人或某物，但不指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或何物。例具體說明何人或何物。例如：如：nA student wants to see you. nA girl is waiting for you outside. n人名前表示說話者對此人人名前表示說話者對此人不認識不認識n相當于

4、相當于“a certain某個某個”：n_Mr. Chen came to see you this morning.An 也可以指與某名人有類也可以指與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或物似性質(zhì)的人或物n He wishes to become Newton.nHe is Leifeng in our class.aan(4) nTake the medicine three times_ day.nThey go to see their parents once_week.aan以上情況均表示以上情況均表示“每一每一”的意思，相當于的意思，相當于every。n(5) nThey are nearly

5、 of an age. n他們差不多同齡。他們差不多同齡。n表示同一性質(zhì)、特征、程表示同一性質(zhì)、特征、程度或大小，相當于度或大小，相當于the same:nThe two shirts are of_ size. anBirds of a feather flock together. n物以類聚物以類聚n1. The train is running fifty miles _. nA. an hour nB. one hour nC. the hour nD. a hour An2. Wouldnt it be _ wonderful world if all nations lived

6、in _ peace with one another?a/n3. _ came that he had come back.nA. The word nB. A word nC. Word nD. WordsDn4. Have _ second cup of tea, please.a 定冠詞用法定冠詞用法(1) 特指某（些）人或某特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：（些）事物。例如：nThe book on the desk is an English dictionary.nBeijing is the capital of China.n(2) 指說話人和聽話人都指說話人和聽話人都熟悉

7、的人或事物。例如：熟悉的人或事物。例如：nOpen the door, please. nJack is in the library.n(3) Today Johns father bought him a new bike. _bike cost him 200 yuan. n上文提到過的人或事物。上文提到過的人或事物。Then (4) _sun rises in _ east and sets in _ west. n表示世界上獨一無二的事表示世界上獨一無二的事物。物。Thethethe(5) 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級之前。例如：最高級之前。例如：nShanghai i

8、s the biggest city in China.nJanuary is the first month of the year.猜一猜：猜一猜：nThe nurse is kind to the sick.nWe should take good care of the old.n(6) 用在某些形容詞之用在某些形容詞之前，前，表示某一類人或事表示某一類人或事物。物。nthe young nthe grown-upnthe blind nthe woundedn (7) 用在某些專有名詞之用在某些專有名詞之前和某些習慣用語中。前和某些習慣用語中。nthe Great Wall, nth

9、e Summer Palace, nin the morning等。等。n(8) 用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前，用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前，表示表示“某某一家人某某一家人”，“某某夫婦某某夫婦”。例如：。例如：the Browns, the whites等。等。n(9) 在方向名詞和某些表在方向名詞和某些表示時間的詞組或習慣用語示時間的詞組或習慣用語前前non the right/ left nin the eastnin the daytime non the other handnin the end nin the middle ofnIn the morning/ afternoon/ eveningn(1

10、0) 在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞前在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞前表示某個年代表示某個年代nWhen he went to America in the seventies, he was already in his forties.nIn the 1870s, Marx began to learn Russian.n(11) 在樂器的名稱前在樂器的名稱前nThe girl is playing the piano.nHe often plays the violin in the evening.nThe girl with _ violin in her hand is good at playing _ v

11、iolin.athen(12) He is paid by _ month.then在表示單位的名詞前在表示單位的名詞前nThe room is rent by _ hour.nEggs are sold by_ dozenthethe3. 不用冠詞的情況不用冠詞的情況n (1) 某些專有名詞，抽象某些專有名詞，抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。例如：用冠詞。例如：n China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。等。n(2) 判斷判斷nThat is my cap. nI have some questions.nGo dow

12、n this street.n名詞前已有作定語用的名詞前已有作定語用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代詞時，等代詞時，不用冠詞。不用冠詞。n(3) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時，不用冠詞?；蚴挛飼r，不用冠詞。nThey are workers. nWe are students.比較：比較：nThey are workers. nThey are the workersn(4)稱呼、稱呼、職位職位、頭銜頭銜 的的名詞名詞,在用作在用作同位語同位語,補語補語或表語或表語時時,前面通常前面通常不加不加

13、冠詞冠詞nI dont feel well today, Mother.nBush was made president of the U.S. 名詞所表示的職位、頭名詞所表示的職位、頭銜，在某一時期銜，在某一時期只有一個只有一個人擔任人擔任時，它的前面通常時，它的前面通常不用冠詞。不用冠詞。nElizabeth，Queen of England，visited the city last weekn英國女王伊麗沙白上周訪英國女王伊麗沙白上周訪問了這座城市。問了這座城市。n如果名詞所表示的職位、如果名詞所表示的職位、頭銜，在某一時期同時有頭銜，在某一時期同時有一個以上的人擔任時，名一個以上的人

14、擔任時，名詞前要用不定冠詞詞前要用不定冠詞a/an。nMr. Li is a professor of history in our college.n(5)nI have _lunch at home.nHe often plays_ football after class.nWe have _English every day./n三餐飯的名稱前，球類活三餐飯的名稱前，球類活動，學科和節(jié)目名詞前，動，學科和節(jié)目名詞前，常不用冠詞。常不用冠詞。n(6) 在某些固定詞組里，在某些固定詞組里，名詞之前常不用冠詞。例名詞之前常不用冠詞。例如：如：nBy air, at night, at hom

15、e, go to bed, go to school, on foot, from morning till night 等。等。n(7) 與與by連用的表示交通連用的表示交通工具的名詞前工具的名詞前nby bike by bus nby ship by plain用冠詞和不用冠詞的差異：用冠詞和不用冠詞的差異：at tableat the table 進餐進餐在桌子旁在桌子旁 nin hospitalnin the hospital住院住院在醫(yī)院里在醫(yī)院里nby sea by the sea 乘船乘船在海邊在海邊 ngo to sean go to the sea當水手當水手去海邊去海邊ni

16、n futurenin the future從今以后，將來從今以后，將來未來未來non earthnon the earth 究竟究竟在地球上，在世上在地球上，在世上n out of questionnout of the question 毫無疑問毫無疑問不可能不可能ntwo of us nthe two of us 我們當中的兩人我們當中的兩人 我們兩人（共計兩人）我們兩人（共計兩人）ngo to school n go to the school 去學校去學校到學校去到學校去ntake placentake the place of發(fā)生發(fā)生取代取代nin front of nin the

17、 front of在在（外部的）前面（外部的）前面在在（內(nèi)部的）前面（內(nèi)部的）前面用定冠詞和不定冠用定冠詞和不定冠詞的差異詞的差異nas a whole= altogether non the whole= in general 大體上，一般的大體上，一般的全部地，整體全部地，整體nthe most important meetingn a most important meeting最重要的會議最重要的會議最重要的會議之一最重要的會議之一nthe third time na third time第三次第三次又一次又一次nin the distance nat a distance在遠處在遠處

18、稍遠一些稍遠一些nfor a moment nfor the moment一會兒一會兒目前，暫時目前，暫時n1. She is ill and now in _ hospital. Im going to _ hospital to see her.2. What will you have for _ lunch?/the/n2. He has _ teacher.nA. turned a nB. turned nC. became a nD. becomeBn3. Lesson 3 is _ most difficult lesson, but it isnt _ most difficu

19、lt lesson in Book Two.athen4. Joe, _ best runner, ran _ fastest in _ last race.the/then5. _ was invented in 1917.A. Radio B. A radio C. Radios D. The radioDn6. Many people are still in _ habit of writing silly things in _ public.the/n7. _ sun rises in _east.n8. Is this _ plane to _ Hong Kong?Thethet

20、he/二、二、 數(shù)詞的用法數(shù)詞的用法 About _students in our class can describe that place in English.A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifthsAn該題考查的是分數(shù)的表示該題考查的是分數(shù)的表示法。分子用基數(shù)詞表示，法。分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子分子大于大于1時，分母應(yīng)加時，分母應(yīng)加-s。Nine _ pounds a week? Thats very good.nA. hundred of nB. hundreds of

21、nC. hundreds nD. hundredDnWe often have sports after class, and I like to play _ basketball.n A. a B. an nC. the D. 不填不填 Dn該題考查的是冠詞的用法。該題考查的是冠詞的用法。球類運動之前不加冠詞，球類運動之前不加冠詞，因此應(yīng)選因此應(yīng)選D。n4. This is _song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one?nA. the; the B. a; a nC. the; a D. a; theCn該題考查的是冠詞的用法。該題考查

22、的是冠詞的用法。第一個空是第一個空是特指特指，特指我，特指我給你說過的那首歌，第二給你說過的那首歌，第二個空是表示個空是表示某一個類別某一個類別。所以應(yīng)選所以應(yīng)選C。n(1) 基數(shù)詞在句中主要用基數(shù)詞在句中主要用作主語、賓語、定語、表作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語，例如：語、同位語，例如：1. 基數(shù)詞的用法基數(shù)詞的用法nThirty of them are Party members.n（主語）（主語）n- How many apple would you like？ n- Three, please（作賓語）（作賓語）nThe nine boys are from Tianjing. nS

23、ix plus four is ten. nWe four will go with you. （定語）（定語）（表語）（表語）（同位語）（同位語）n數(shù)詞分數(shù)詞分基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞和和序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)詞表示基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目數(shù)目，序數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞表示表示順序順序。n(2) 表示一個表示一個具體數(shù)字具體數(shù)字時，時，hundred, thousand, million一律一律不用復(fù)數(shù)不用復(fù)數(shù)；在表示一個在表示一個不確定數(shù)字不確定數(shù)字時時則用則用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。nThere are three thousand students in our school.nAfter the war, thousands of

24、people became homeless.nThey arrived in twos and threesn (3) 表示表示“十十”的數(shù)的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來表示詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來表示人的人的歲數(shù)或年代歲數(shù)或年代，例如：，例如：nHe is in his early thirties nHe died still in his fortiesnThis took place in 1930sn(4) 表示表示時刻時刻用基數(shù)詞。用基數(shù)詞。例如：例如：nWe get up at six. nThe workers begin work at eight.n表示表示“幾點過幾分幾點過幾分”，用

25、，用介詞介詞past,但須在半小時但須在半小時以內(nèi)。例如：以內(nèi)。例如：nten past tenna quarter past ninenhalf past twelven表示表示“幾點幾點差差幾分幾分”用介用介詞詞to, 但分數(shù)須在半小時但分數(shù)須在半小時以上。例如：以上。例如： ntwenty to ninenfive to eight na quarter to tenn表示表示“幾點幾分幾點幾分”還可直還可直接用基數(shù)詞。例如：接用基數(shù)詞。例如：nseven fifteenneleven thirty, nnine twenty2. 序數(shù)詞的用法序數(shù)詞的用法1）序數(shù)詞主要用作）序數(shù)詞主要用作定語定語，前面前面要加定冠詞要加定冠詞，例如：，例如：nThe first truck is carrying many books. nJohn li