2016-2017學年高中英語Unit12CultureShockPeriodSix課堂

1、 Period Six Grammar & Writi ng 1 只接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞及短語 英語中有些動詞及短語必須接不定式作賓語，這類動詞及短語常用的有： afford 負擔得起； agree 同意； attempt 嘗試，試圖； choose 選擇；desire 渴望；determine 決心；decide 決 定；expect 期望；hope 希望；lear n 學習；man age 設(shè)法；offer 主動提出；pla n 計劃；prete nd 假裝；promise許諾；refuse 拒絕；wish希望；set out 著手；would like 想做等。 I can

2、t afford to waste money on cheap souvenirs. 我不能把錢浪費在那些廉價的紀念品上。 1 expect to be back as soon as possible. 我盼著盡早回來。 At last I man aged to carry all those large boxes upstairs. 最后我總算把那些大箱子都搬上了樓。 2 只接動名詞作賓語的動詞及短語 英語中有些動詞及短語必須接動名詞作賓語，這類動詞及短語常用的有： admit 承認； appreciate 感激；avoid 避免；consider 考慮；delay 延遲；deny

3、否認；enjoy 喜歡；escape 逃脫；finish 完成；imag ine 想像； mind 介意； miss 錯過；postp one 推遲；practise 練習； resist 抵抗；risk 冒險；suggest 建議；insist on 堅持；stand 忍受；keep 保持等。 另外，admit to 承認； be used to 習慣于； be accustomed to 習慣于；lead to 導(dǎo)致；devote on eself to 獻身于；object to 反對；stick to 堅持；look forward to 期望，盼望等短語 中的 to 為介詞，也接動名

4、詞作賓語。 Have you ever con sidered going abroad for further educatio n? 你考慮過去國外深造嗎？ You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office. 跟動名詞或不定式作賓語的動詞&現(xiàn)在分訶 I 跟動名詞或不定式作賓語的動詞 2 如果你們兩個人在同一間辦公室工作，你就免不了會遇見她。 He has bee n look ing forward to going to En gla nd for a long time. 好久以來他一

5、直盼望去英國。 3 有些動詞和動詞短語后跟動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語皆可，但含義不同。常見的有： 動詞 賓語的形 式 意義 forget to do. 忘記做 doin g. 忘記做過 remember to do. 記著要去做 doin g. 記得做過 regret to do. 遺憾/抱歉要做 doin g. 后悔做了 try to do. 盡力做 doin g. 嘗試做 mea n to do. 打算做 doin g. 意味著 stop to do. 停下來去做另一件事 doin g. 停止做 go on to do. 接著做（另外一件事） doin g. 接著做（冋一件事） She to

6、ld meto go and lock the door.She didn t remember locking the door after supper. 她叫我去鎖門，她不記得晚飯后鎖過門了。 Remember to turn off all the lights whe n you leave the classroom. 你離開教室時，別忘記把所有的燈關(guān)掉。 They didn t mean to go and help you. 他們不打算去幫助你們。 His words meant going to help you without delay. 他的話意味著他將毫不遲疑地前去幫

7、助你們。 4. need, want, require 等動詞作“需要”講，且主語為某事物”時，后面跟動名詞的主 動形式或跟不定式的被動式，都表示被動意義。 Your house n eeds repairi ng/to be repaired. 3 你的房子需要維修。 The problem requires solvi ng/to be solved immediately. 這個問題需要立即予以解決。 5. 在動詞 allow , advise , forbid , permit 后面直接跟動名詞形式作賓語，如果后面有名詞 或代詞作賓語，其后用動詞不定式作賓語補足語。即： allow/p

8、ermit/forbid/advise doing sth. 允許 / 禁止 / 建議做某事； allow/permit/forbid/advise sb.to do sth. 允許 / 禁止 / 建議某人做某事。 He forbids smok ing duri ng office hours. 他禁止在辦公時間抽煙。 Allow me to con gratulate you on your great success. 讓我向您了不起的成功祝賀。 高考鏈接 1 用所給動詞的正確形式填空 1. After receiv ing the Oscar for Best Support ing

9、Actress , Anne Ben edict went on to _ thank (thank) all the people who had helped in her career.(2015 陜西 ) 2. He is thought to have acted(act) foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.(2014 江西 ) 3. It s quite hot today .Do you feel like going(go) for a swim ? (2014 陜西) 4.

10、I stopped the car to take _ (take) a short break as I was feeling tired.(2013 山 東) 5. We ve had a good start , but next , more work needs to be done/doing(do) to achieve the final success.(2012 湖南 ) n.現(xiàn)在分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞是由動詞原形加詞尾-ing 構(gòu)成，因此又叫-ing 分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞不能獨自作謂語， 沒 有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 1 .現(xiàn)在分詞的形式 現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)形式如下表所示： 4 主動式

11、被動式 一般式 (not) doing (not) being done 完成式 (not) havi ng done (not) hav ing bee n done (1) 現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式表示和謂語動詞所表示的動作同時進行的動作。 Being a student , he is interested in books. 作為一個學生，他對書本很感興趣。 (2) 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發(fā)生的動作。 Not hav ing studied his less ons very hard , he failed the exam in ati on. 因為沒有努力學習功課

12、，他考試不及格。 (3) 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式表示它的邏輯主語是現(xiàn)在分詞動作的承受者。 根據(jù)現(xiàn)在分詞動作發(fā)生的 時間，其被動式有一般被動式 (being done)和完成被動式(having been done)。 The questi on being discussed is very importa nt. 正在被討論的問題很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher , he gave up smoking. 被老師批評以后，他把煙戒了。 2現(xiàn)在分詞的語法作用 現(xiàn)在分詞相當于一個形容詞或副詞，在句中可以作表語、定語、狀語和補足語。 (1) 現(xiàn)在分詞

13、( 短語) 作表語 What you said is really inspiring. 你所說的真令人鼓舞。 (2) 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語 單個的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語一般放在被修飾詞的前面；現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后 面，相當于一個定語從句。 a waiting car 一輛等待著的車 a sleeping child 一個酣睡的孩子 the exciting news 令人振奮的消息 a boring speech 令人乏味的演講 They lived in a house facing south( = which faces south) 他們住在一座朝南的房子里。 (3) 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀

14、語 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語，相當于一個時間狀語從句，有時可由連詞 when, while 引出。 While reading the book ， he nodded from time to time. 他一邊看書,一邊不時地點頭。 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語，相當于一個原因狀語從句。 5 Not knowing his address , I can t send this book to him. 因為不知道他的地址,我不能把這本書寄給他。 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。 His father died , leaving h

15、im a lot of money. 他父親死了,留給他許多錢。 現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中間，表示主語的另一個、較次要的 動作。 They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他們在那兒站了半小時,觀察著天上的星星。 現(xiàn)在分詞也可作條件狀語和讓步狀語，相當于一個狀語從句。 Knowing all this , they made me pay for the damage. 盡管知道了一切情況,他們還是要我賠償損失。 注意：上述現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時,它的邏輯主語就是整個句子的主語。 (4)

16、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語 現(xiàn)在分詞可以在 see, hear, notice , watch , feel , look at , listen to , observe , have, get , leave , keep, catch , find 等動詞后面和一個名詞或代詞構(gòu)成一個復(fù)合賓語，作賓語 補足語。 I no ticed a man running out of the bank whe n I got off the car. 我下車的時候注意到一個男人匆匆忙忙地從銀行里跑出來。 Last ni ght the shopkeeper caught a child steali ng

17、 some food in the shop. 昨晚，店主在商店里抓到一個小孩在偷食物。 with/without +名詞普通格或代詞賓格+現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語，表示伴隨情況 或時間、原因等。 His hair became grey with the years pass ing. 隨著時間的推移，他的頭發(fā)變花白了。 Without anyone noticing , he slipped through the window. 沒人注意，他從窗戶溜了出去。 高考鏈接 2 I .用所給動詞的正確形式填空 1. I had as much fun sailing the seas as

18、I now do working (work) with students.(2016 浙 江) 2. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street , turning(turn) the old town into a dreamland.(2016 北京) 6 3. The park was full of people, enjoying(enjoy) th emselves in the sunshine.(2015 北 京) 4. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in HongKong, sa

19、ys it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people livi ng_ (live) in Shan ghai and Hong Kon g.(2015 全國I) 5. Like ancient sailors ,birds can find their way using(use) the sun and the stars.(2015 重慶) 6 . Having worked(work) for two days , Steve man aged to finish his report on schedule.(2015 天津)

20、 7. Listening to music at home is one thing ; goi ng to hear it being performed(perform) live is quite ano ther.(2015 浙江） 8. Last ni ght , there were millio ns of people watch in g(watch) the ope ning ceremony live on TV.(2014 北京) 9. Today there are more airpla nes carry in g(carry) more people tha

21、n ever before in the skies.(2014 大綱全國)7 10. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland , staring (stare) at the night sky.(2014 湖南 ) n.單句改錯(每小題僅有 1 處錯誤) 1. After looks at the toy for some time , he turned around and found that his parents were missi ng.(2015 全國

22、n) looks T looking 2. Don t panic or get out of line , and trying to remain quiet a nd calm.(2014 四 川) trying T try 3. One evening at sun set , we sat by the fire , have our barbecue.(2014 陜西 ) haveT havi ng I. 用所給動詞的正確形式填空 1. Having been told(tell) many times , he has already known how to do it. 2.

23、 Following(follow) this road , you ll get to the cinema. 3. Linda can t attend the party being held (hold) at Tom s house at present. 4. Don t leave the water running(run) while you brush your teeth. 5. He sent me an e-mail , hoping(hope) to get further information. 6. He didn t want to share(share)

24、 things with his friends. 7. The thief ran away quickly to avoid being caught(catch) 8. Would you mind turning(turn) down your radio a little 9 . Do you remember borrow in g(borrow) a ruler return(return) it to her tomorrow. 10. Susa n wan ted to be in depe ndent of her pare nts but she didn t like

25、it and moved back home. n.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. The man who is standing at the window is our headmaster. =The man standing at the window is our headmaster. 2. Because they had been warned by their parents , they didn t dare to go out at night. =Having been warned by their parents , they didn t dare to go out at n

26、ight. 3. If you think it over , you will have a good idea. 當堂達標 檢測鞏 ,please? from Betty ? Don t forget to ；she tried living(live) alone 8 =Thinking it over _ , you will have a good idea.9 4. As I don t know much En glish , I m afraid I can t express clearly. =Not knowing much English , I m afraid I

27、can t express clearly. 5. She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. =She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. 6. He suggested a visit to the palace first. =He suggested visiting the palace first. 基礎(chǔ)點撥 【文體指導(dǎo)】 英文信件的寫法在許多方面與中文信件不同， 下面我們簡單介紹一下英文信件的格式和寫法。 一、 信圭寸的格式 1.寫信人的姓名、地址寫在信封正面的左上角。 2 .收信人的姓名、地址寫在信封

28、正面中央稍偏右的地方。 3 .郵票貼在信圭寸的右上角。 4 .地址的寫法是先寫收信人，然后按照從小到大的順序依次寫出門牌號、街道、城市、省或 州名、郵編，最后寫國名。 5 .收信人名前應(yīng)根據(jù)需要加： Mr.（先生）、Mrs.（太太、夫人）、Miss（小姐）、Ms（女士，已婚 或未婚均可）、Dr（博士）、Prof（教授）等稱呼，以示禮貌，而不用teacher ”作為稱呼。男 老師我們可以用 Mr.;女老師我們用 Mrs. , Miss 或 Ms 作為稱呼。 二、 正文的格式 1.稱呼一般以“ Dear. ”開頭，后面用逗號，不能用冒號。 2 .書信正文從稱呼下一行的 3 至 5 個字母開始。 3

29、 .如同漢語信一樣，英文信的結(jié)尾也常寫有“祝好”、 “盼來信”、“代向問好”之類 的話，我們稱之為“結(jié)束語”。 4. 在信的結(jié)尾下面簽上自己的姓名。 除了對熟人或親密的人以外， 簽名必須寫全姓名， 而且 不管什么信件，都應(yīng)由寫信人親筆簽名。 私人信件寫作 10 【常用句式】 1 .開頭語經(jīng)典例句 （1） 1 am very glad to hear from you. （2） Tha nk you for your letter. （3） 1 was very pleased/happy/glad to receive your letter of February 6,2014. (4) Y

30、our letter of February 6,2014 has bee n received. 2 .結(jié)束語經(jīng)典例句 (1) 1 hope to have a letter from you before long. (2) Please write to me soon and tell me all about yourself. (3) 1 m looking forward to your reply. 3 .簽名時的經(jīng)典用語 英文信簽名時常用的詞語： Yours , Yours truly , Yours sincerely , Yours ever 等。 ，佳件構(gòu)建 【寫作任務(wù)

31、 假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國朋友 Tom 上個月來到北京學習。七月份你將去北京參加暑期中學生 英語演講比賽(speech con test)，你在資料搜集、語言運用等方面遇到了困難。請根據(jù)以下 要點給 Tom 寫一封信。 1 .詢問 Tom 的生活和學習情況； 2 .談?wù)勀愕睦щy并請 Tom 幫忙； 3 .告訴 Tom 你打算賽后去看他。 注意：詞數(shù) 100 左右。 【審題謀篇】 第一步明確要求 該寫作屬于書信的寫作，在詢問目前情況時用現(xiàn)在進行時時態(tài)；在談?wù)撟约旱睦щy時用一般 現(xiàn)在時時態(tài)；寫作應(yīng)該符合學生的實際。 第二步確定段落 本篇作文可以從以下幾個方面入手： Para.1 詢問 Tom 的現(xiàn)狀

32、； Para.2 敘述目前你的困難； Para.3 提出打算去看望他。 11 第三步詞匯熱身 1 .參力口 take part in 2 .做某事有困難 have trouble in doing sth. _ 3 .在 . 方面差 be poor in 4 .幫某人一個忙 do sb.a favour 5. 拜訪某人 call on sb. 第四步擴點成句 1.我非常擔心，我在搜集信息和應(yīng)用語言方面有困難。 (一般表達)1 m worried that I have trouble in collecting information and using Ian guage. (高級表達)Wh

33、at worries me a lot is that I am really having trouble in collecting in formati on and using Ian guage. 2 .如果你能給我一些解決這些問題的建議，我將非常感激。 (一般表達)lf you can give mesome advice on solving these problems， I ll be grateful. (高級表達)1 would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these probl

34、ems. 【連句成篇】 Dear Tom， Haven t see n you for a long time since we parted last time and it is a mon th since you came to Beiji ng.How are you gett ing on with everyth ing? Next month I will go to Beiji ng to take part in the stude nts En glish speech con test.What worries me a lot is that I am really

35、havi ng trouble in collect ing information and using Ianguage.For me ，it is easy to remember the grammar but I am poor in putting it into practice.Would you please do mea favour ？ I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems. By the way ， I will call on you aft

36、er this competition. I m looking forward to your reply. Yours truly ， LiHua 課時精練拓展提升 I.單元語法一一用所給詞的正確形式填空 12 1. I smelt something burning(burn) 2. Having finished(finish) his speech , he answered our questions. 3. Living(live) far from the school , I have to get up early every morning. 4. The boy ran

37、 away , shouti ng (shout) loudly. 5. The man sitting (sit) at the back is Mr. Smith. 6. He couldn t stand being made(make) fun of when his wife was present. 7. I had intended to help(help) you but I was busy then. 8. The patient insisted on being operated(operate) on even if there was little hope of

38、 success. 9. I have failed to pass(pass) the exam. 10. His telling(he , tell) a lie made his mother quite angry. n.閱讀理解 There are many older people in the world and there will be many more.A lime-known fact is that over 60 perce nt of the older people live in develop ing countries.According to the W

39、orld Health Organization , by 2020 there will be 1 billion with over 700 million living in developing countries. It is a surprising fact that the population aging is particularly rapid in developing countries.For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 p

40、erce nt to 14 perce nt.lt is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same in crease. What are the implicatio ns of these in creased nu mbers of older folk biggest worries for gover nments is that the Ion ger people live , the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.A

41、ttention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible , including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state. Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society.ln some African countries ,

42、certainly in Asia , older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge.Yet traditions are fading away daily , which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people.As society changes , attitudes will change. Much n eeds to be done to get rid of age discrim in ati on

43、( 歧視) in employme nt.Life-lo ng lear ning programs n eed to be provided to en able older people to be active members in a country s developme nt. ? One of the 13 Social security policies n eed to be established to provide adequate in come protect ion for older people.Both public and private schemes

44、are vital in order to build a suitable safety n et. To achieve equality in such matters will take con siderable time and effort .One thing is sure : there is no time to be lost. 11. The proportion of older people . _ A. is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries B. is one-seventh

45、of the population in developing countries C. will in crease much faster in China tha n in France D. will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020 答案 C 解析 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子 “ .it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent.lt is estimated to

46、take China a mere 27 years to achie ve this same in crease. ”可知，中國老人的比 例增加的速度要比法國快。故選 Co 12. According to the passage , which of the following are governments most worried about? A. The diseases and disability of older people. B. The Ion ger life and good health of people. C. The loss of taxes on ol

47、der people. D. The increasing respect for older people. 答案 A 解析 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句One of the biggest worries for governments is that the Ion ger people live , the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability. ”可知，政府最擔心的是老人的疾病和殘疾。故選 A。 13. It is stated directly in the passage that older peo

48、ple should . _ A. be treated differently in different cultures B. enjoy a similar lifestyle C. be ignored as society changes D. be valued by the youn ger gen eratio ns 答案 D 解析 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的句子Another significant problem i s the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older peopl

49、e in their society. ” 可知，老人應(yīng)該被年輕人尊敬。故選 Db 14 川.七選五 There was once a Ion ely girl who Ion ged so much for love.One day while she was walk ing in the woods she found two starvi ng birds. 14 She cared about them with love and the birds grew stro ng.Every morni ng they greeted her with a won derful son

50、g.The girl felt great love for the birds. 15 The larger and stronger of the two birds flew from the cage.The girl was so frightened that he would fly away.As he flew close , she grasped him wildly.Her heart felt glad at her success in capturi ng（ 捕捉）him. 16 She ope ned her hand and stared in horror

51、at the dead bird .It was her desperate love that had killed him. She noticed the other bird moving back and forth on the edge of the cage.She could feel his great desire for freedom.He needed to fly into the clear , blue sky. 17 The bird circled once , twice , three times. The girl watched delighted

52、ly at the bird s enjoyme nt. 18 What she wan ted to see was that the bird could fly happily.Suddenly the bird flew closer and Ianded softly on her shoulder.It sang the sweetest tune that she had ever heard. Remembe, the fastest way to lose love is to hold on it too tightly ; the best way to keep lov

53、e is to give it win gs! A. She gave them some delicious food and left. B. Suddenly she felt the bird go soft. C. Her heart was no Ion ger concerned with her loss. D. One day she left with the two birds at home alone. E. She took them home and put them in a small cage. F. One day the girl left the do

54、or of the cage open accidentally. G. She lifted him from the cage and threw him softly into the air. 答案 14.E 15.F 16.B 17.G 18.C IV.語法填空 In terviewer : May I ask you a few questi ons , sir? Jack : Of course you can. In terviewer : Thank you , sir.First of all , have you ever bee n here? Jack : No.Th

55、is is the first time I 19.have come(come) to India. In terviewer : Oh.What do you find most impressive about In dia? 15 Jack : The air is so hot and it is unlike anything 20.that I have experienced. In terviewer : Were you pleased with the service at the airport? Jack : Not 21.really(real) . After we entered the airport I had been waiting fo