汽輪機(jī)表面式凝汽器抽氣設(shè)備

1、JB/T 10085 ××××CC附錄C（資料性附錄）抽氣設(shè)備C.1抽氣設(shè)備能力的確定凝汽器中需要抽出的不凝結(jié)氣體的來(lái)源包括但不僅限于以下幾項(xiàng)：低于大氣壓下運(yùn)行的系統(tǒng)部件中漏進(jìn)的空氣；進(jìn)入凝汽器的疏水和排汽釋放的氣體；進(jìn)入凝汽器的補(bǔ)給水釋放的氣體；循環(huán)冷卻中所使用的凝結(jié)水平衡箱內(nèi)所產(chǎn)生的氣體；在某些形式的核燃料的循環(huán)中，從給水中解析出來(lái)的氧氣、氫氣及其他不凝結(jié)氣體。除不凝結(jié)氣體外，還應(yīng)抽出一定量的附帶蒸汽，以確保凝汽器的正常性能，并產(chǎn)生合理的氣流速度，使凝汽器汽側(cè)的腐蝕減少到最小程度。C.2設(shè)計(jì)吸入壓力抽氣設(shè)備的吸入壓力應(yīng)符合下列要求：電站汽輪機(jī)凝汽器的

2、設(shè)計(jì)吸入壓力為3.386 kPa （a）或凝汽器設(shè)計(jì)壓力，取二者中的較小值。最終選擇還應(yīng)考慮到在整個(gè)預(yù)期的運(yùn)行壓力內(nèi)的凝汽器與其抽氣設(shè)備的協(xié)調(diào)運(yùn)行。此外，當(dāng)選擇設(shè)計(jì)吸入壓力時(shí)，還應(yīng)考慮抽氣設(shè)備的實(shí)際位置。工業(yè)和船用汽輪機(jī)或泵等其他機(jī)械動(dòng)力設(shè)備用凝汽器的設(shè)計(jì)吸入壓力為凝汽器設(shè)計(jì)壓力減去3.386 kPa或?yàn)檫\(yùn)行所要求的最低壓力，取二者中的較小值，但不得低于3.386 kPa （ a）。C.3設(shè)計(jì)吸入溫度設(shè)計(jì)吸入溫度 （即抽吸的汽- 氣混合物溫度） ，應(yīng)為抽氣設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)壓力相對(duì)應(yīng)的飽和蒸汽溫度t vs（）減去 0.25( t s- t w1) 或 4.16中的較大值（t s為蒸汽凝結(jié)溫度，t w1為

3、冷卻水進(jìn)口溫度）。運(yùn)行中抽氣口的蒸汽實(shí)際溫度受到運(yùn)行特性、不凝結(jié)氣體負(fù)荷和抽氣設(shè)備容量特性的影響，不一定等于設(shè)計(jì)吸入溫度。C.4水蒸汽量的計(jì)算混合氣體中飽和水蒸汽量與不凝結(jié)氣體的比值按公式（C.1 ）計(jì)算：W18Pww.(C.1)WMPPggVSw式中：Ww混合氣體中的飽和水蒸汽質(zhì)量，單位為千克（kg）；Wg混合氣體中的不凝結(jié)氣體質(zhì)量，單位為千克（kg）；Pw與凝汽器抽氣口處溫度相對(duì)應(yīng)的水蒸汽的飽和壓力，單位為千帕kPa （ a） ；Mg不凝結(jié)氣體的平均分子量。不凝結(jié)氣體為干空氣時(shí)其分子量為29；55JB/T 10085 ××××PVS凝汽器抽氣口處總的

4、絕對(duì)壓力，單位為千帕kPa （ a） 。C.5推薦的最小容量建議抽氣器的容量大于或等于表 C.1 、表C.2 和表 C.3 中各設(shè)計(jì)壓力對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)值。 在應(yīng)用各表查值時(shí)應(yīng)結(jié)合以下各條說(shuō)明：a) 總排汽量由主汽輪機(jī)進(jìn)凝汽器的排汽量和輔助汽輪機(jī)進(jìn)入凝汽器的排汽量組成；b) 主排汽口數(shù)為與凝汽器殼體連接的主汽輪機(jī)排汽口，但不包括輔助汽輪機(jī)的排汽口；c) 每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量為a）表示的總排汽量除以 b）的排汽口數(shù)量所得的結(jié)果；d) 凝汽器殼體的總排汽口數(shù)是將主排汽口數(shù)加上進(jìn)入凝汽器的輔助汽輪機(jī)排汽口數(shù)；e) 如果多殼體凝汽器的每一個(gè)殼體均采用獨(dú)立抽氣系統(tǒng)，則每個(gè)系統(tǒng)的能力是由表格中查得的總?cè)萘砍?/p>

5、以獨(dú)立抽氣系統(tǒng)的數(shù)目來(lái)確定，亦可選擇一個(gè)容量較大的單一抽氣系統(tǒng)，即串聯(lián)抽氣系統(tǒng)。確定抽氣設(shè)備系統(tǒng)和容量時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮下述情況：?jiǎn)螇憾鄽んw凝汽器應(yīng)分別對(duì)每個(gè)殼體配置獨(dú)立抽氣系統(tǒng)；多壓?jiǎn)螝んw凝汽器的抽氣容量對(duì)于每一壓力區(qū)可選擇獨(dú)立抽氣系統(tǒng)，也可選擇一個(gè)容量較大的單一抽氣系統(tǒng)，并確定相應(yīng)的容量；多壓多殼體凝汽器的抽氣容量應(yīng)符合，應(yīng)分別對(duì)每個(gè)殼體配置獨(dú)立抽氣系統(tǒng)；使用射汽抽氣器時(shí)，進(jìn)入其冷卻器的凝結(jié)水（作為冷卻水用）的溫度按凝汽器可能出現(xiàn)的最高壓力下的蒸汽飽和溫度計(jì)算；核電機(jī)組在按表C.1 、表 C.2、表 C.3 查得抽氣容量時(shí)，還應(yīng)考慮循環(huán)中排入凝汽器的附加的非凝結(jié)氣體；有旁路蒸汽全負(fù)荷排放時(shí)，循環(huán)水

6、泵全部或部分投入，抽氣器應(yīng)能抽出比凝汽器最高壓力所對(duì)應(yīng)的飽和溫度低4.16時(shí)的非凝結(jié)氣體量。56每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量kg/h011 340項(xiàng)目抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/haJB/T 10085 ××××表 C.1抽氣設(shè)備容量（單殼體凝汽器）總排汽口數(shù)1234567890.0850.1130.1420.1420.2120.2120.2120.2830.2836.128.1610.2110.2115.3315.3315.3320.4120.4113.4717.9622.4522.4533.7533.7533.7544.914

7、4.9111 34022 680汽、氣混合物量kg/h抽吸干空氣量a3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量19.6026.1332.6632.6649.0849.0849.0865.3265.320.1130.1420.2120.2120.2830.2830.2830.3540.3548.1610.2115.3315.3320.4120.4120.4125.4925.4917.9622.4533.7533.7544.9144.9144.9156.0656.0626.1332.6649.0849.0865.3265.3265.3281.5681.5622 68045 360k

8、g/h抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/ha0.1420.2120.2830.2830.3540.3540.4250.4250.42510.2115.3320.4120.4125.4925.4930.6230.6230.6222.4533.7544.9144.9156.0656.0667.3667.3667.36汽、氣混合物量kg/h32.6649.0865.3265.3281.5681.5697.9897.9897.9857每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量kg/h45 360113 400項(xiàng)目抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/haJB/T 10085 

9、15;×××表 C.1抽氣設(shè)備容量（單殼體凝汽器） （續(xù)）總排汽口數(shù)1234567890.2120.3540.3540.4250.4960.5660.5660.7080.70815.3325.4925.4930.6235.740.8240.8251.0351.0333.7556.0656.0667.3678.5289.8189.81112.26112.26113 400226 800226 800453 600汽、氣混合物量kg/h抽吸干空氣量a3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量kg/h抽吸干空氣量a3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg

10、/h汽、氣混合物量kg/h49.0881.5681.5697.98114.21130.63130.63163.29163.290.2830.4250.4960.5660.7080.7080.850.850.99120.4130.6235.740.8251.0351.0361.2361.2371.4444.9167.3678.5289.81112.26112.26134.72134.72157.1765.3297.98114.21130.63163.29163.29195.95195.95228.610.3540.5660.5660.7080.850.850.9911.1331.13325.49

11、40.8240.8251.0361.2361.2371.4481.6581.6556.0689.8189.81112.26134.72134.72157.17179.62179.6281.56130.63130.63163.29195.95195.95228.61261.27261.2758JB/T 10085 ××××表 C.1抽氣設(shè)備容量（單殼體凝汽器）（續(xù)）每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量kg/h453 600907 200項(xiàng)目抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/ha總排汽口數(shù)1234567890.4250.7080.7080.850.

12、9911.1331.1331.2741.41630.6251.0351.0361.2371.4481.6581.6591.85102.0667.36112.26112.26134.72157.17179.62179.62202.08224.53907 2001 360 8001 360 8001 814 400汽、氣混合物量kg/h抽吸干空氣量a3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量kg/h抽吸干空氣量a3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量kg/h97.98163.29163.29195.95228.61261.27261.27293.93326.59

13、0.4960.7080.850.9911.1331.2741.4161.5571.69935.751.0361.2371.4481.6591.85102.06112.26122.4778.52112.26134.72157.17179.62202.08224.53246.98269.43114.21163.29195.95228.61261.27293.93326.59359.25391.900.5660.850.9911.1331.2741.4161.5571.6991.84140.8261.2371.4481.6591.85102.06112.26122.47132.6889.81134.

14、72157.17179.62202.08224.53246.98269.43291.89130.63195.95228.61261.27293.93326.59359.25391.90424.56注：表中數(shù)據(jù)只考慮空氣泄漏，汽、氣混合物量是在吸入壓力為3.386 kPa （a），溫度為 22 條件下確定的。a表中抽吸干空氣量是指在壓力為0.1013 MPa （ a），溫度為21 情況下的干空氣量。59每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量kg/h45 360113 400項(xiàng)目抽吸干空氣量a3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量JB/T 10085 ×××&

15、#215;表 C.2抽氣設(shè)備容量（雙殼體凝汽器）總排汽口數(shù)2345678910111213140.4250.5660.5660.5660.7080.7080.850.850.9910.9911.1331.1331.13330.6240.8240.8240.8251.0351.0361.2361.2371.4471.4481.6581.6581.6567.3689.8189.81112.26112.26134.72134.72157.17157.17179.62179.62179.62179.6297.98130.63130.63130.63163.29163.29195.95195.95228

16、.61228.61261.27261.27261.27113 400226 800kg/h抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/ha0.5660.5660.7080.850.850.9911.1331.1331.4161.4161.4161.6991.69940.8240.8251.0361.2361.2371.4481.6581.65102.06102.06102.06122.47122.4789.8189.81112.26134.72134.72157.17179.62179.62224.53224.53224.53269.43269.43汽、氣混合物量226 800453

17、 600kg/h抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/ha130.63130.63163.29195.95195.95228.61261.27261.27326.59326.59326.59391.90391.900.7080.7080.850.9911.1331.4161.4161.4161.6991.6991.9821.9821.98251.0351.0361.2371.4481.65102.06102.06102.06122.47122.47142.88142.88142.88112.26112.26134.72157.17179.62224.53224.53224.53

18、269.43269.43314.34314.34314.34汽、氣混合物量kg/h163.29163.29195.95228.61261.27326.59326.59326.59391.90391.90457.22457.22457.2260JB/T 10085 ××××表 C.2抽氣設(shè)備容量（雙殼體凝汽器）（續(xù)）每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量總排汽口數(shù)kg/h項(xiàng)目234567891011121314抽吸干空氣量a0.9911.1331.1331.4161.4161.6991.6991.9821.9822.2652.2652.54930.85m/min干空氣

19、量61.2371.4481.6581.65102.06102.06122.47122.47142.88142.88163.29163.29183.70kg/h453 600907 200水蒸汽量134.72157.17179.62179.62224.53224.53269.43269.43314.34314.34359.25359.25404.15kg/h汽、氣混合物量195.95228.61261.27261.27326.59326.59391.90391.90457.22457.22522.54522.54587.86kg/h抽吸干空氣量 a1.1331.1331.4161.6991.69

20、91.9821.9822.2652.2652.5492.8322.83230.991m/min干空氣量71.4481.6581.65102.06122.47122.47142.88142.88163.29163.29183.70204.12204.12kg/h907 2001 360 800水蒸汽量157.17179.62179.62224.53269.43269.43314.34314.34359.25359.25404.15449.06449.06kg/h汽、氣混合物量228.61261.27261.27326.59391.90391.90457.22457.22522.54522.545

21、87.86653.17653.17kg/h抽吸干空氣量 a1.4161.4161.6991.9821.9822.2652.2652.5492.8322.8323.1153.39831.133m/min干空氣量81.65102.06102.06122.47142.88142.88163.29163.29183.70204.12204.12224.53244.94kg/h1 360 8001 814 400水蒸汽量179.62224.53224.53269.43314.34314.34359.25359.25404.15449.06449.06493.96538.87kg/h汽、氣混合物量261.

22、27326.59326.59391.90457.22457.22522.54522.54587.86653.17653.17718.49783.81kg/h注：表中數(shù)據(jù)只考慮空氣泄漏，汽、氣混合物量是在吸入壓力為3.386 kPa （a），溫度為 22 條件下確定的。a表中抽吸干空氣量是指在壓力為0.1013 MPa （ a），溫度為 21 情況下的干空氣量。61每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量kg/h113 400226 800項(xiàng)目抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/haJB/T 10085 ××××表 C.3抽氣設(shè)備容量（三殼體凝汽器）總

23、排汽口數(shù)345678910111213140.850.851.0621.0621.0621.2741.4871.4871.6991.6992.1242.12461.2361.2376.5676.5676.5691.85107.18107.18122.47122.47153.09153.09134.72134.72168.46168.46168.46202.08235.82235.82269.43269.43336.79336.79226 800453 600汽、氣混合物量kg/ha抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量195.95195.95245.03245.

24、03245.03293.93343.01343.01391.90391.90489.88489.880.851.0621.2741.2741.4871.4871.6992.1242.1242.1242.5492.54961.2376.5691.8591.85107.18107.18122.47153.09153.09153.09183.70183.70134.72168.46202.08202.08235.82235.82269.43336.79336.79336.79404.15404.15195.95245.03293.93293.93343.01343.01391.90489.88489

25、.88489.88587.86587.86453 600907 200kg/h抽吸干空氣量3m/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/ha1.0621.2741.4871.4871.6992.1242.1242.1242.5492.5492.9732.97376.5691.85107.18107.18122.47153.09153.09153.09183.70183.70214.33214.33168.46202.08235.82235.82269.43336.79336.79336.79404.15404.15471.51471.51汽、氣混合物量kg/h245.03293.93343.013

26、43.01391.90489.88489.88489.88587.86587.86685.84685.8462每個(gè)主排汽口有效的蒸汽流量kg/hJB/T 10085 ××××表 C.3抽氣設(shè)備容量（三殼體凝汽器）（續(xù)）總排汽口數(shù)項(xiàng)目907 2001 360 8001 360 8001 814 400抽吸干空氣量m3/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量kg/h抽吸干空氣量m3/min干空氣量kg/h水蒸汽量kg/h汽、氣混合物量kg/h34567891011121314a1.2741.4871.6992.1242.1242.1242.54

27、92.5492.9732.9733.3983.39891.85107.18122.47153.09153.09153.09183.70183.70214.33214.33244.94244.94202.08235.82269.43336.79336.79336.79404.15404.15471.51471.51538.87538.87293.93343.01391.90489.88489.88489.88587.86587.86685.84685.84783.81783.81a1.4871.6992.1242.1242.5492.5492.9732.9733.3983.3983.8233.823107.18122.47153.091