微機(jī)開(kāi)關(guān)電源的含義-畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯

1、中英文翻譯the meaning of computer switching power supplyswitching power supply is the use of modern power electronics, control transistors switch on and off the opening time rate, to maintain a stable output voltage power supplies, switching power supply from the general pulse width modulation (pwm) cont

2、rol ic and mosfet pose. linear power supply and switching power supply compared with the two costs are increasing output growth, but with different growth rate. power costs in a linear output power point, but higher than the switching power supply, known as the cost of this reversal point. with the

3、development of power electronics technology and innovation, making switching power supply technology has constantly innovative, cost reverse this point to the increasing output of low-power mobile, switching power supply to provide a broad space for development.high-frequency switching power supply

4、is the direction of their development, so that high-frequency switching power supply of small, and switching power supply into a wider range of applications, particularly in the application of high-tech fields, and promote the high-tech products of small, lightweight of. also switching power supply

5、in the development and application of energy conservation, resource conservation and environmental protection are of great significance. switching power supply categorypeople in switching power supply side is the development of tech no logy-related power electronic devices, while the development of

6、frequency switching technology, the two promote each other to promote the switch power annually to more than two-digit growth in a light, small, lightweight, low noise, high reliability, anti-jamming direction. switching power supply can be divided into ac / dc and dc / dc two categories, dc / dc co

7、nverter which is now modular, design and technology and production technology at home and abroad have been mature and standardized, and have been authorized users, but ac / dc modular, makes its own characteristics in the process of modular, encountered a more complex technology and manufacturing pr

8、ocess problems. following were the two types of switching power supply for the structure and characteristics to set out1 dc/dc transformdc / dc is to transform the fixed dc voltage transformation into a variable dc voltage, also known as dc chopper. chopper's work in two ways, first pwm ts the s

9、ame way，change ton (gm) and the second is the frequency modulation, ton unchanged, change ts (easily interference) their specific circuit from the following categories: (1) buck circuit - buck chopper, the average output voltage uo less than the input voltage ui, the same polarity(2) boost circuit -

10、 boost chopper, the average output voltage uo greater than the input voltage ui, the same polarity. (3) buck-boost circuit - buck or boost chopper, uo average output voltage greater than or less than the input voltage ui, polar opposite, inductance transmission. (4) cuk circuit - buck or boost chopp

11、er, its average output power uo pressure greater than or less than the input voltage ui, polar opposite, capacitance transmission. today's technology allows soft switching dc / dc has undergone a qualitative leap forward, the united states vicor companies design and manufacture of a variety of e

12、ci soft-switching dc / dc converters, the largest of its power output is 300 w, 600w, 800w, the power density of the corresponding (6.2 , 10j7) w/cm3, efficiency (80 to 90)% japarfs latest nemiclambda launched a soft-switch technology using high-frequency switching power supply module rm series, the

13、 switches at (200 300) khz, the power density has reached 27 w/cm3, using synchronous rectifier (mos fet replace schott diode), the efficiency of the entire circuit to 90 percent.2 ac/dc transformac / dc transformation is to transform exchange for dc, its power can be a two-way flow, the flow of pow

14、er flow from the power load known as the nrectification, the power flow from the load to return to power as "active inverter/1 ac / dc converter for the importation of ac 50/60 hz, due to the rectification, filtering, the relatively large size of the filter capacitor is essential, because encou

15、ntered safety standards (such as ul, ccee) and emc directive restrictions (such as iec“ fcc, csa), ac input side and emc filter must meet safety standards and the use of the components, such restrictions on the ac / dc power of the small size of the addition, since the internal high-frequency, high-

16、pressure, big current switching action, made the resolution of emc difficult to electromagnetic compatibility problems, will install the intemal high-density circuit design to the high demand for the same reason, high-voltage, high current power switches make greater loss of work, limiting the ac /

17、dc converter modular process, it must be in power system design methods to optimize the efficiency of its work reaches a certain level of satisfaction.ac / dc transform the circuit can be divided into the connection mode, half-wave circuit, full-wave circuit. by the power of a few can be divided int

18、o, single-phase, three-phase, multi-phase. circuit work on a quadrant can be divided into quadrants, the quadrant, the three-quadrant, the four quadrants. selection of switching power supply3 switching power supplyin the importation of anti-jamming performanee, as its own circuit of the characterist

19、ics of (multi-level series), the general importation of interference such as a surge through the difficult, in the output voltage stability of the technology indicators compared with the linear power have greater advantages, its output voltage stability up (0.5 to 1)% switching power modules as a po

20、wer electronic device integration, the choice should note the following: because of the high efficiency switching power supply, can usually more than 80 percent, it was their choice of output current, accurate measurement of electrical equipment or calculating the maximum absorption current, so that

21、 was the choice of switching power supply has a high cost performance, output is usually calculated as follows:is = kiftype in: is-switching power supply is rated output current;if-the largest electrical equipment absorb current; k-margin coefficient, from 1.5 to 1.8 in general;4 groundinglinear pow

22、er than the power switch will generate more interference, the common mode interference sensitive electrical equipment, grounding and shielding should take measures, according to ice 1000, en61000, fcc restrictions, such as emc, switching power supply are taking measures emc emc, switching power supp

23、ly should normally with emc emc filter. if lied huafu technology ha series switching power supply, its fg terminal users access to the land or the case in order to meet the electromagnetic compatibility requirementsprotection circuit in switching power supply design must have a flow of overheating,

24、such as short-circuit protection, it should be preferred in the design of the protection of the full-featured switch power modules, and its protection circuit with the technical parameters of the work of electrical equipment matched to avoid damage to electrical equipment or switching power supply.

25、switching power supply technology development trends switching power supply is the direction of development of high-frequency, high reliability, low consumption, low noise, interference and modular. since switching power supply light, small, thin is the key technology of high-frequency, switching po

26、wer supply major foreign manufacturers are committed to synchronize the development of new high-intelligent devices, particularly in the second rectifier of the loss and iron in power oxygen-(mn zn) materials to increase the scientific and technological innovation, to enhance the high-frequency and

27、larger magnetic flux density (bs) under high magnetic properties, and the small capacitor is also a key technology. smt technology applications makes switching power supply has made considerable progress, both sides of the circuit board layout components, to ensure that the light switch power, small

28、, thin. the high-frequency switching power supply is bound to the tradition of the pwm switching technology innovation and achieve zvs, zcs the soft-switch technology has become the mainstream of switching power supply technology and a substantial increase in the switching power supply efficiency fo

29、r high-reliability indicators, the u.s. switching power supply manufacturers by reducing operating current, lower junction temperature devices, and other measures to reduce the stress, increased reliability greatly improved. modular switching power supply is the general trend of development, can be

30、used modular power components distributed power systems, designed to n +1 redundant power systems, and parallel way to achieve the capacity expansion. power switching operation for this big noise shortcomings, 訐 the individual pursuit of its high-frequency noise will also increase with, and the use

31、of the resonance conversion circuit technology, in theory, can achieve the high-frequency noise can be reduced, but some resonant conversion of the practical application of technology there are still technical problems in this area is still a great deal of work to make the technology to practical us

32、e.power electronics technology innovation, switching power supply industry has broad development prospects china's switch to accelerate the pace of development of power industry, we must walk the road of technological innovation, out of production, study and research with chinese characteristics

33、, the joint development, for the rapid development of chinars national economy to contribute.微機(jī)開(kāi)關(guān)電源的含義開(kāi)關(guān)電源是利用現(xiàn)代電力電子技術(shù)，控制開(kāi)關(guān)晶體管開(kāi)通和關(guān)斷的時(shí)間比率，維持穩(wěn)定 輸出電壓的一種電源，開(kāi)關(guān)電源一般rtl脈沖寬度調(diào)制（pwm）控制ic和mosfet構(gòu)成。 開(kāi)關(guān)電源和線性電源相比,二者的成本都隨著輸出功率的增加而增長(zhǎng)，但二者增長(zhǎng)速率各異。 線性電源成本在某一輸出功率點(diǎn)上，反而高于開(kāi)關(guān)電源，這一點(diǎn)稱(chēng)為成本反轉(zhuǎn)點(diǎn)。隨著電力 電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新，使得開(kāi)關(guān)電源技術(shù)也在不斷地創(chuàng)新，這一成本

34、反轉(zhuǎn)點(diǎn)日益向低輸出 電力端移動(dòng)，這為開(kāi)關(guān)電源提供了廣闊的發(fā)展空間。開(kāi)關(guān)電源高頻化是其發(fā)展的方向，高頻化使開(kāi)關(guān)電源小型化，并使開(kāi)關(guān)電源進(jìn)入更廣泛 的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，特別是在高新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，推動(dòng)了高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品的小型化、輕便化。另外 開(kāi)關(guān)電源的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用在節(jié)約能源、節(jié)約資源及保護(hù)環(huán)境方面都具有重要的意義。開(kāi)關(guān)電源 的分類(lèi)人們?cè)陂_(kāi)關(guān)電源技術(shù)領(lǐng)域是邊開(kāi)發(fā)相關(guān)電力電子器件，邊開(kāi)發(fā)開(kāi)關(guān)變頻技術(shù)，兩者相 互促進(jìn)推動(dòng)著開(kāi)關(guān)電源每年以超過(guò)兩位數(shù)字的增長(zhǎng)率向著輕、小、薄、低噪聲、高可靠、抗 干擾的方向發(fā)展。開(kāi)關(guān)電源可分為ac/dc和dc/dc兩大類(lèi)，dc/dc變換器現(xiàn)已實(shí)現(xiàn)模塊 化，且設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)及生產(chǎn)工藝在國(guó)內(nèi)外均已成

35、熟和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，并已得到用戶(hù)的認(rèn)可，但ac/dc 的模塊化，因英自身的特性使得在模塊化的進(jìn)程中，遇到較為復(fù)雜的技術(shù)和工藝制造問(wèn)題。 以下分別對(duì)兩類(lèi)開(kāi)關(guān)電源的結(jié)構(gòu)和特性作以闡述。1. dc/dc變換dc/dc變換是將固定的直流電圧變換成可變的直流電壓，也稱(chēng)為直流斬波。斬波 器的工作方式有兩種，一是脈寬調(diào)制方式ts不變，改變ton（通用），二是頻率調(diào)制方式，ton 不變，改變ts（易產(chǎn)生干擾）。其具體的電路由以下幾類(lèi)：（l）buck電路降壓斬波器， 其輸出平均電壓u0小于輸入電壓ui,極性相同。（2） boost電路一一升壓斬波器，其輸出 平均電壓u0大于輸入電壓ui,極性相同。（3）buck boo

36、st電路降壓或升壓斬波器， 其 輸出平均電壓u0大于或小于輸入電壓ui,極性相反，電感傳輸。（4） cuk電路 降壓或升壓斬波器，其輸出平均電壓u0大于或小于輸入電壓ui,極性相反，電容傳輸。當(dāng) 今軟開(kāi)關(guān)技術(shù)使得dc/dc發(fā)生了質(zhì)的飛躍，美國(guó)vicor公司設(shè)計(jì)制造的多種eci軟開(kāi)關(guān) dc/dc變換器，其最大輸出功率有300w、600w、800w等，相應(yīng)的功率密度為（6.2、10、 17）w/cm3,效率為（8090） %。日本nemiclambda公司最新推出的一種采用軟開(kāi)關(guān)技術(shù) 的高頻開(kāi)關(guān)電源模塊rm系列，其開(kāi)關(guān)頻率為（200300）khz,功率密度已達(dá)到27w/cm3, 采用同步整流器（m

37、os fet代替肖特基二極管），使整個(gè)電路效率提高到90%。2. ac/dc 變換ac/dc變換是將交流變換為直流，其功率流向可以是雙向的，功率流由電源流向負(fù)載的 稱(chēng)為“整流"，功率流由負(fù)載返回電源的稱(chēng)為“有源逆變”。ac/dc變換器輸入為50/60hz的交 流電，因必須經(jīng)整流、濾波，因此體積相對(duì)較大的濾波電容器是必不可少的，同時(shí)因遇到安 全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（女bul、ccee等）及emc指令的限制（如iec、fcc、csa）,交流輸入側(cè)必須 加emc濾波及使用符合安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的元件，這樣就限制ac/dc電源體積的小型化，另外， 由于內(nèi)部的高頻、高壓、大電流開(kāi)關(guān)動(dòng)作，使得解決emc電磁兼容問(wèn)題難度加大，也就対 內(nèi)部高密度安裝電路設(shè)計(jì)提出了很高的要求，由于同樣的原因，高電壓、大電流開(kāi)關(guān)使得電 源工作損耗增大，限制了 ac/dc變換器模塊化的進(jìn)程，因此必須采用電源系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方 法才能使其工作效率達(dá)到一定的滿意程度。ac/dc變換按電路的接線方式可分為，半波電 路、全波