醫(yī)學(xué)免疫學(xué)課件：Regulation

1、標(biāo)題標(biāo)題落款落款Xiaoyin NIUDept. of Immunology and MicrobiologyShanghai Institute of Immunology1.IntroductionImmune functions: Immune defense Immune homeostasisimmunological tolerance and immunoregulation Immune surveillance1.Introductionimmunoregulation: positive and negative directionThe ability of the im

2、mune system to control and regulate its own responses is called immunoregulation.1.IntroductionImmunoregulation:To keep the individual homeostasis by regulating the balance between immunocyte and immunocyteimmunocyte and immune moleculeimmune system and nervous system/endocrine system2.Immunoregulat

3、ion on molecular levelOrigination stage of immune response: Nature of Ag Route of Administration Dosage of AgAntigen2.Immunoregulation on molecular levelRegulation of Ag-Ab complex to immune response Antibody feedback regulationIgM positive feedback regulation IgG negative feedback regulationAntibod

4、y2.Immunoregulation on molecular level2.Immunoregulation on molecular levelAntibodyRegulation of idiotypic networks Idiotypic determinant or idiotype: a unique determinant on an antibody ,usually formed by one or more of the hypervariable regions. Idiotypic determinant may be recognized as “foreign”

5、 in an individual, but they are usually present in quantities too low to induce self-tolerance. Anti-idiotypic antibody: antibodies against idiotype of antibodiesinternal image of Agidiotypic networks2.Immunoregulation on molecular levelAgAbAntigenic internal image enhance Ab1: treatment of AIDS and

6、 tumorsuppress Ab1: treatment of autoimmune diseases2.Immunoregulation on molecular levelProinflammatory Cytokineeliminate pathogensIL-1、IL-6、TNF-2.Immunoregulation on molecular levelComplement Promote APC capture antigens CR1 receptor on APC capture C3b-Ag-Ab complex Promote the activation of B cel

7、lCR1, CR2 on B cellC1INH: inhibit classical pathwayCD55(DAF),CR1: inhibiting formation of C3/C5 convertaseCD59: inhibiting formation of MAC2.Immunoregulation on molecular levelsignal transduction protein tyrosine kinase, protein tyrosine phosphatasePTK PTP co-stimulator and receptorCD3、CD28、Ig-、Ig-、

8、FcRI、CTLA-4、FcRIIB、KIR、24 hB7CD28AgTCRB7CTLA-4activationI T I MI TAMsuppressionT cell2.Immunoregulation on molecular levelactivation receptor and inhibitory receptorBCRFcRIIb, CD22, CD72TCR, CD28CTLA-4, PD-1 NCR, CD16KIR, CD94/NKG2A, ILTFcRIFcRIIb 2.Immunoregulation on molecular level3.Immunoregulat

9、ion on cellular levelT cellTh1 cells promote the cellular immunity suppressing the humoral immunity. Th2 cells promote the humoral immunity suppressing the cellular immunity.3.Immunoregulation on cellular levelTreg3.Immunoregulation on cellular levelTreg3.Immunoregulation on cellular levelB cell Reg

10、ulatory B cells (Bregs) a newly described subset of B cells, have been proved to play a suppressive role in immune system. Bregs can inhibit other immune cells through cytokines secretion and antigen presentation. IL-10 and TGF-3.Immunoregulation on cellular levelAPC DC Macrophage (M1, M2)3.Immunore

11、gulation on cellular levelAICD activated T or B cell apoptosis elicited by Fas (CD95) Apoptosis of target cell: FasL on T cells binds to Fas on target cells induce the apoptosis of target cell. Apoptosis of activated T cells: Fas is also expressed on activated T cell or B cell, so FasL on activated

12、T cell binds to Fas on activated T cell or B cell, then induces activated T cells or B cell apoptosis.Activation-induced cell death3.Immunoregulation on cellular level4.Immunoregulation on systemic levelRegulation of nerve-endocrine-immune system networks: Nervous and endocrine system regulate immune system. Immune system regulate nervous and endocrine system.Stay in a good mood4.Immunoregulation on systemic levelRev