初中虛擬語氣講解課件PPT課件

1、英語動詞有三種語氣: 陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣陳述語氣：用來表示所說的話是事實或提出疑問，廣泛用語陳述句，疑問句和感嘆句。祈使語氣：表示所說的話是請求，命令，指示或勸告等。第1頁/共48頁虛擬語氣虛擬語氣：表示說話人的所說表示說話人的所說的話的話不是事實不是事實，一種假設、猜測、懷疑等一種假設、猜測、懷疑等( (在在條件條件從句從句中或中或讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句中中) )；一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等令、建議等 ( (在在賓語從句、表語從賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句句、同位語從句) )。第2頁/共48頁Eg : We met in this r

2、oom . 陳述語氣 Do come to the meeting next Friday . 祈使語氣If I were you , I would study hard . 虛擬語氣第3頁/共48頁一：虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法.條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。真實條件句所表的假設是可能發(fā)生或實現(xiàn)的,是與事實相符的。非真實條件句所表的假設則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或實現(xiàn)的， 與事實相反的情況。If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma. If I were a bird, I would fly to America.

3、第4頁/共48頁 動詞形式動詞形式時間時間從句從句主句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反動詞過去式（動詞過去式（be的的過去式一般用過去式一般用were）would should + 動詞原形動詞原形could might 與過去事實相反與過去事實相反had +過去分詞過去分詞would should have+過去分詞過去分詞could might與將來事實與將來事實可能相反可能相反動詞過去式動詞過去式/should +動詞原形動詞原形were to動詞原動詞原形形would should +動詞原形動詞原形could might第5頁/共48頁I would buy an expensive

4、 car. I would buy a villa. I would travel around the world.If I won the lottery,現(xiàn)在事實相反第6頁/共48頁If I _time last night, I _ to see the film with you .had hadwould have gone過去事實相反If he_ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 第7頁/共48頁Mark: 100 I _ a party for you .

5、should get If you_gotWere to get a full mark next time,將來時相反would hold 第8頁/共48頁If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.If it rained tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.現(xiàn)在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反第9頁/共48頁要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。If you had come

6、 a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.假如我是你的話，我會馬上走。與現(xiàn)在事實相反If I were you, I would go at once. 與過去事實相反與將來事實可能相反第10頁/共48頁PRACTICE 1PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they _ (be) here,they _ (take) your advice. b. If the worl

7、d-war _ (break) out again,what _ (happen) to our people on earth?c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) in your position,I _(ask) for teachers help.werewould takebrokewould happenwere notcould bewerewould ask第11頁/共48頁PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks e.

8、 If Tom _ (be) more careful in theexam, he _ _ (pass) it already. f. If you (get) up earlier,you _ _ (catch) the first train. g. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ _ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad metwould have gone第12頁/共48頁PRACTICE 3: Fill in the bl

9、anksa. If there (be) no natural resource any more,we _ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What _ (happen) if you_(get up) too late tomorrow?should bewould makewould happen should get up第13頁/共48頁注意1.省略 if 的條件從句當從句中有 were, had 或 should 時，可省略if ，而把它們放在句首,再將句子的主語和謂語動詞實行全部倒裝或部分倒裝。If I were to meet him tomor

10、row, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow,If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experimentHad he worked harder, he would have passed the final examinations. 第14頁/共48頁2 由介詞或介詞短語暗示的虛擬結構常見的介詞或介詞短語有without(沒有) , but for(要不是) Eg : Witho

11、ut electricity , human life would be quite difficult today .= If there were no electricity , Without his advice ,I couldnt have done it all by myself . = If it hadnt been for his advice , 第15頁/共48頁But for your help , I wouldnt have succeeded in doing this experiment . = If it hadnt been for your hel

12、p ,But for the meeting ,I would have gone to your party last Saturday . = If it hadnt been for the meeting ,第16頁/共48頁1. Without sunlight , or water or air , there _ no life on the earth . A will have B would be C should be D must be 2 But for the snow , we _ earlier . A will arrive B should have arr

13、ived C arrive D arrived 第17頁/共48頁二、虛擬語氣用于賓語從句中1.Wish 的賓語從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來未來：過去時（過去時（were）過去完成時過去完成時would/could/might+V. 1.I wish I were a bird2.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake3.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. 第18頁/共48頁用于賓語從句用于賓語從句I wish從句結構從句結構Example與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反一般過去式一般過去式I wish it were a

14、utumn now.與過去事實相反與過去事實相反過去完成式過去完成式He wishes(wished) he had not lost the chance.與將來事實相反與將來事實相反would+V.原形原形I wish you would come soon.第19頁/共48頁I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.I wish I were a bird.I wish I could fly like a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.第20頁/共

15、48頁He wish he hadnteaten so much watermelon.I wish the lunch time would come soon.I wish it would rain tomorrow.第21頁/共48頁1.Practice 1 He is not a pilot, but he wishes he_ (be).2.I wish I _(meet) him yesterday.3.I wish it _(be) fine tomorrow.4.A: You have made some mistakes. B: I wish I _mistakes eve

16、ry day.A.dont make B. havent made C. wouldnt have made D. didnt make 第22頁/共48頁2.I wish they _ in this ball game . A would be succeeded B would be successful C had been success D had been successful 3. He wished he _ more about the subject , so he could talk about it . A had known B knew C would know

17、 D knows 4. How I wish I _ a doctor , and _ the dying girl . A am , can save B was , saved C were , could save D will be , will save 第23頁/共48頁5. -What shall we do next ? -I wish that Bill _ here . If he _ here , he would tell us what to do . A has been , has been B would be , would be C were , were

18、D is , is 6 .How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden !A has B had C will have D had had 7. How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future . A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit 第24頁/共48頁2.在表示建議，要求，命令的詞“suggest,demand,order,propose,insist,command,request,des

19、ire” 后的賓語從句中： “(should) +動詞原形”e.g. I suggest that we (should) set off at once. I demanded that he (should) answer me immediately.(一個堅持insist ，兩個命令order, command ，三個建議advise, suggest, propose四個要求demand , require, request, desire)注：以上動詞的名詞形式用于同位語從句中，從句中的動詞也是用“(should) + 動詞原形”第25頁/共48頁Practice : 1. I a

20、dvised that the sick child _ a hospital as soon as possible . A should sent to B should be sent C be sent to D must be sent to 2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be 20 percent . A be raised B would be raised C raised D raise 第26頁/共48頁3 The guard at the gate insisted that everybod

21、y _ the rules . A obeys B obey C will obey D would obey 4. Janes pale face suggested that he _ ill , and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination . A be , should have B was , have C should be , had D was , has 5. - Do you know where he comes from ?-No , but his accent suggests that he

22、_ from the south . A was B should be C is D were 第27頁/共48頁注意：suggest 當表示“暗示、表明“講時，insist 表示”堅持認為“之意時，應用陳述語氣。Eg : The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.第28頁/共48頁 三用語表語從句和同位語從句在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advi

23、ce / idea / request /demand 等名詞后的表語和同位語從句中要用“should動詞原形”should可以省略第29頁/共48頁Eg : My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others.We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off. 考題點擊：考題點擊：1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B.

24、 tries C. must try D. can try第30頁/共48頁 We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off His recommendation was that an experienced sales manager _ to the branch company in Shanghai to take charge of the marketing there. A. wa

25、s sent B. send C. be sent D. would be sent第31頁/共48頁3. Would rather that寧愿寧愿現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. 過去時過去時過去完成時 would prefer , 表示一種希望和委婉的責備。Eg : I would prefer he didnt stay there too long next week . 我寧愿下周

26、他不要在這待的太久。第32頁/共48頁四 .用于主語從句中 1.It is necessaryimportant strangenatural impossible / surprising + that 從句。從句中的謂語動詞用should+動詞原形，should 可以省略。第33頁/共48頁Eg :It is necessary that you (should) clean the room after work. It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she （sh

27、ould ）refuse to come to the party. 第34頁/共48頁2. It is suggesteddesired / ordered / requested / proposed / demanded that從句從句中的謂語動詞用should+動詞原形，should 可以省略第35頁/共48頁Eg : It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. It is ordered that the work (should) be done at once.第36頁/共48頁3. It is a pitya s

28、hameno wonder + that 從句從句從句從句中的中的謂語動詞謂語動詞用用should+動詞動詞原原形形，should 可以省略可以省略省略省略 eg : It is a pity that he should be so careless.真可惜他竟然如此粗心真可惜他竟然如此粗心第37頁/共48頁考題點擊：考題點擊：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must takeD. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would t

29、ell B. should tell C. had told D. has told第38頁/共48頁五、虛擬語氣在其他從句中1.It is (high / about ) time that“到做到做-的時間了的時間了.”注意注意:should不能省略不能省略過去時should +V原.我們該去睡覺了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 第39頁/共48頁2.If only 引導的感嘆句“要是該有多好啊”用法與wish 相同Eg : If only I knew the answer! If only I had seen the film yesterday!第40頁/共48頁 “好象”3. as if /though + Clause 與現(xiàn)在事實相反用過去式與過去事實相反與將來事實相反 過去完成式Would / could / might +動詞原形第41頁/共48頁1) as if /as though連接表語從句 He talks as if he knew where she was . He looked as if he hadnt slept for two days.2) as if / a