最新七年級英語必修語句名師精編資料匯編

1、Background: the root cause: the feudal rule hinders the development of capitalist economyDirect cause: Stuart dynasty pursues "divine right", and announced that parliament power from the king, and contradictions will happen.Process: 1640-1688, the British bourgeois revolution2, the bill of

2、 rights and the establishment of a constitutional monarchyBackground: win the glorious revolution in 1688 parliament, the British bourgeois revolution to an end.The content of historical reviewThe ancient ChineseProject an ancient China's political systemExam outline * * * * * * qin chow period

3、of political centralization system in the formation of the evolution of the han political system to the yuan * * * * to strengthen * * of the Ming and qing dynasties monarchs【 examination combing 】A political system of western zhou dynastySystem of enfeoffment1, objective: consolidate the zhou dynas

4、ty, "feudal relatives to Francisco screen week"2, meaning: also called seal for founding, Zhou Wang clan, in-laws, nobles, credited with dispatch, built in the country of the son of sealing system.3, features: (1) specifies Zhou Wang and governors, the rights and obligations between the la

5、nd and the people "" duty" is the link between king and governors; (2) by the closure of governors have certain independence; (3) packet object diversity; (4) layers of herod.Week 4, function: (1) through the system of enfeoffment, expanding sphere of influence; (2) the sealing betwee

6、n the princes of zhou royal family relationships more clearly, Zhou Wang formed all over the world were the main status; (3) western guizhou group formed Zhou Wang a vassal qing, a doctor and the level of sequence.5, destruction: (1) during the spring and autumn period, with the decline of Zhou Wang

7、 forces and situation of hegemony between feudal lords, system of enfeoffment exist in name only;(2) during the warring states period, the system of enfeoffment gradually replaced by XianZhi. Patriarchal clanPurpose: to consolidate the system of enfeoffment formation rule in order to solve internal

8、ruling class in power, property and land, the contradiction of inheritanceMain characteristics: (1) core is the office system of inheritance; Office for the bulk, have inheritance; (2) and the system of enfeoffment of each table, supplement each other, characterized by the combination of blood ties

9、and political relations; (3) is not only the level of family relationship between large and small, and political affiliation.Role: (1) through blood feeling of patriarchal clan system, set up a complete set of packet of land, property and political status and the system of inheritance, safeguard nob

10、le at all levels enjoy "peer ShiLu" privilege; (2) is advantageous to the ruling group internal unity and stability, to strengthen the kingship, thus achieved the integration of countries and home; (3) had a profound influence on Chinese society, its influence even extended to today.Second

11、, the formation of the centralized system of qinThe formation process of qin centralized system1, build system of the emperor, the emperor first, the supremacy of imperial power, a home under the sun the throne inheritance system - power is highly concentrated2, the central practice the three-fair D

12、an: three cooperate with each other and restrain each other, eventually make emperor military power control in one hand Emperor qiu: assist in charge of the national armyThe three prime minister: for the emperor to deal with the national governmentSuggestion: doctor zhang scheme > chapter, superv

13、isory officials and handle work for prime minister3, China is practiced in places where: after the qin dynasty unified, waste packet, China, chief, the magistrate shall be appointed or removed by the emperor.4, develop a set of selection and evaluation system of officials5, make lawsThe influence of

14、 the qin dynasty centralized systemOn the influence of the qin dynasty: 1) promotes the development of feudal economy and culture, to strengthen national unity and has played an important role in formation of the Chinese nation;(2) established the landlord class dictatorship to the masses of working

15、 people, qin's tyranny caused the deterioration of the situation.Influence on later generations, laid the Chinese two thousand years of feudal society political system basic pattern, used by all previous dynasties feudal dynasty, and constantly strengthened and perfected.Three, han to the evolut

16、ion of the political system1, the period of emperor han wu systems of China and the DPRK, the outer and the secretariat Central: (1) in order to weaken in question, strengthen the imperial power, China and the DPRK, the original thereof Dan became the executing agencyPlace: (1) to strengthen the con

17、trol of local, will be divided into 13 states across the country, shall have a secretariat, on behalf of the central supervisory governors and local officials;(2) promulgated "push" and weaken the kingdom, to further strengthen the centralization. Effects: (1) further consolidate and devel

18、op the unified situation, to promote the development of social economy. (2) concentrated power lead to the eastern han dynasty eunuch consorts Authoritarian, political instability for a long time.Low 2, three save six systems of sui and tang dynastiesFeatures: refers to the three provinces in the bo

19、ok (responsible for drafting imperial edicts), door (responsible for seal barge review) and so on province (implement) consists of collectors,households, ceremony, soldiers, punishment, six. Three provinces, are the prime minister, containment, are responsible for the emperorRole: (1) three save six

20、 both division of labor, and to have the cooperation, improve the working efficiency; (2) the right to phase three, weakened in question, is conducive to strengthening the imperial power; (3) the establishment of the three save six and perfect, make after being basically lineage.Low 3, a period to s

21、trengthen centralized measures and effectsMeasures: cut power (" right ") (1) weakening buffer region; (2) civil servants as chief state; (3)set the second house weaken prime minister power; (4) and adding assistant administrator to deputy, split prime minister of the administrative power.

22、Qian Gu (" money ") (1) where each set of transhipment, taxes are directly by the central master states county, eliminates the local regime of the material basis; (2) three division, the three main national finance division, prime minister's purse strings.Receive good soldier (" &

23、quot;) (1) set three official, at the head of the imperial, each other each other is not Chinese; (2) part of the right to return the privy council, directly responsible to the emperor. Implements the system the relieving and the relieving of separation.Effects: (1) positive: strengthened the centra

24、lization, changed a buffer region since the late tang five dynasties regime division. Maintained the national unity and social stability, is conducive to social and economic development. (2) negative: the "RongGuan" and "redundant" "redundant" being one of future troubl

25、e.4, the political system of the yuan dynastyBooks in (1) set in the central province and the privy council, xuan ZhengYuan management of religious affairs and other Tibetan areas;(2) in local administrative system, effectively strengthen the rule of the national reform of local administrative syste

26、m in ancient China, is the beginning of China's provincial system.Fourth, the strengthening of absolute monarchy system in the Ming and qing dynasties Low 1, new heights of absolute monarchy, the Ming dynasty1) Ming emperor book province in central waste and the prime minister system, six decent

27、ralization, set the DianGe university as a consultant, after no decision-making; Local waste line book province, chief secretary, all command department, according to every department, in charge of local administration and military and administrative and supervisory, called the "three division&

28、quot;. (2) the Ming emperor wenyuan chamber to set up the cabinet, before the power of the cabinet is more and more big, can "fit".Evaluation: the cabinet is a result of strengthening the autocratic monarchy, the restriction of imperial power.Impact: the prime minister were abolished, auto

29、cratic imperial power development to peak and absolutism centralized system was strengthenedLow 2, the height of the autocratic monarchy, the qing dynastyBackground: (1) set up the army of qing dynasty important kingdoms for parliamentary Wang Dachen meeting to handle; When emperor kangxi south stud

30、y; Northwest to the yongzheng period, to deal with emergency, military affairs, to establish a grand council, selected officials close served as minister of the emperor.(2) : the grand council set up to improve the administrative efficiency of the qing dynasty; Subordinate to the emperor, grand coun

31、cil are ruled by the emperor a military affairs; Theestablishment of grand council, is an important symbol of autocratic imperial power to the summit.(3) the biggest characteristic of grand council, "Jane, speed and dense". Role is played records on my hands and knees, upload issued.Projec

32、t two ancient Chinese economyU u u exam outlineLow? The main farming agriculture and land system "the development of handicraft industryLow commercial development low bud of capitalism and "heavy agriculture business suppression"and "order" policy【 examination combing 】The m

33、ain farming, agriculture and land systemThe main farming methods taken the ancient Chinese agriculture Low iron farm tools and oxen-led and its developmentEarly in the spring and autumn, people mastered the iron smelting technology, the iron tools; During the warring states period, the iron farm imp

34、lements widely promoted.Late spring and autumn, oxen-led appear, spread the warring states period. Since then, iron plows oxen-led become the main farming methods of ancient Chinese agriculture.Evolution: u farming slash-and-burn agriculture from the primitive society to the spring and autumn period

35、 and the warring states period of hop-poles oxen-led become the main farming methods of Chinese traditional agriculture (farming progress)Low cultivation techniques: intensive cultivation Sui and tang dynasties appear curved iron plough, the plough mature technology in China.To end the evolution of

36、the land system in ancient China1, the slavery society (xia) : land owned by the state, implement jingtianDevelopment process: start (business) - popular (western) - collapse (spring and autumn) - abolished (warring states).Collapse and the reasons: 1) during the spring and autumn period, the use of

37、 iron tools andoxen-led (root cause), the development of productivity,jingtianthis production mode can notadapt to the needs of the development of producer; (2) many private fields appear; (3) the war isfrequent, shrinking workforce; (4) lu and so on carries on the tax reform, transform gradually fr

38、omthe state to private land, gradually formed the feudal land ownership,way of exploitation,well-field system gradually disintegrated.2, feudal land ownership:Formation: during the warring states period, the warring states has for the political reform movement. Feudal system eventually established i

39、n many countries. Qin of shang Yang reform is the most complete, abolish the well-field system, establish the feudal land ownership in legal form.(1) the state-owned land ownership: the national management, it is mainly used for raised and giving land (e.g., land equalization policy, wasteland)(2) the land private ownership (including the monarch private land system, the landlord land ownership, land ownership of free)(3) dominate