螺旋槳課程設(shè)計(jì)

1、第 18 頁 共 18 頁JS813尾滑道漁船螺旋槳設(shè)計(jì)書指導(dǎo)老師： 學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 完成日期：1. 船 型 單槳流線型舵，前傾首柱，巡洋艦尾，柴油機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)，尾機(jī)型尾滑道漁船。設(shè)計(jì)水線長：LWL=29.80m垂線間長：LBP=28.00m型寬：B=6.30m型深：D=2.90m設(shè)計(jì)吃水：Td=2.20m方型系數(shù)：CB=0.555排水量：=222t棱型系數(shù)：CP=0.653縱向浮心坐標(biāo)Xb= -1.36m縱向浮心位置xc=%L/1/34.920.64 31.74寬度吃水比B/T2.86艾亞法有效功率估算表：速度V/Kn91011Froude數(shù)0.270.300.33標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Co（圖7-3）332

2、.58270.58223.22標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Cbc0.6250.5770.555實(shí)際Cb（肥瘦%）（本船Cb=0.555）12.0%（瘦）3.8%（瘦）0Cb修正%8.70%1.88%0Cb修正數(shù)量128.935.090已修正Cb之C1361.51223.22275.67B/T修正%-4.773-4.773-4.773B/T修正量217.2510.6513.16已修正B/T之C2378.76233.87288.83標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Xc（L %）船中后1.30%（后）2.39%（后）2.04%（后）實(shí)際Xc（L %）船中后（本船為后）4.56%4.56%4.56%相差%L，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后（本船均為在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后）3.26%2.5

3、2%2.17%Xc修正（%）4.4%3.2%5.4%Xc修正數(shù)量3-12.71-9.24-15.60已修正Xc之C3366.05279.60218.27長度修正%=（Lwl-1.025Lpp）/Lwl*100%3.7%3.7%3.7%長度修正413.5410.348.08已修正長度之C4379.59289.44226.35V372910001331PE=(0.64)*(V3)*0.735/C4(KW)44.8180.47137.20PE=(0.64)*(V3)*0.735/C4(hp)60.97109.48186.672主機(jī)參數(shù)型號(hào)：8E150C 標(biāo)定功率：PS2 = 199kw標(biāo)定轉(zhuǎn)速：75

4、0 r/min標(biāo)定馬力270.75hp減速后轉(zhuǎn)速：297.62r/min減速比：i = 2.52減速箱效率g：0.96軸系效率s：0.98最大持續(xù)功率：262.63hp相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)速：235.85rpm3推進(jìn)因子的確定(1)伴流分?jǐn)?shù)本船為單槳海上漁船，故使用漢克歇爾公式估算=0.77*Cp-0.28=0.222(2)推力減額分?jǐn)?shù)t，用漢克歇爾公式估算t=0.77*CP-0.3=0.203(3)相對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)效率近似地取為R =1.0(4)船身效率H =(1-t)/(1-)=(1-0.203)/(1-0.222)=1.0244槳葉數(shù)Z的選取根據(jù)一般情況，單槳船多用四葉，加之四葉圖譜資料較為詳盡、方便查找，故

5、選用四葉。5AE/A0的估算按公式AE/A0 = (1.3+0.3×Z)×T / (p0-pv)D2 + k進(jìn)行估算，其中：T=PE/(1-t)V=137.2/(1-0.203×11×0.5144)=30.3kN 水溫15時(shí)汽化壓力pv=174 kgf/m2=174×9.8 N/m2=1.705 kN/m2 靜壓力p0=pa+hs=(10330+1025×1.5)×9.8 N/m2=116.302 kN/m2 k取0.2 D允許=0.7×T=0.7×2.2=1.5y.2682413 AE/A0 = (1.

6、3+0.3×Z)×T / (p0-pv)D2 + k=（1.3+0.3×4）×30.3/(121.324-1.705)×2.2×2.2)+0.2 = 0.4946槳型的選取說明 由于本船為海上漁船，MAU型原型螺旋槳比較適合在海洋中工作的要求。所以選用MAU型較適宜。7根據(jù)估算的AE/A0選取23張圖譜根據(jù)AE/A0=0.494選取MAU4-40, MAU4-55，MAU4-70三張圖譜。8列表按所選圖譜（考慮功率儲(chǔ)備）進(jìn)行終結(jié)設(shè)計(jì)，得到3組螺旋槳的要素及VsMAX功率儲(chǔ)備取16%，軸系效率S=0.98，齒輪箱效率G=0.96螺旋槳敞

7、水收到功率 PDO = Ps×0.9×0.98×S×G = 199×0.84×0.98×0.98×0.96 = 159.13kw = 213.3 hp (English)由圖譜可查得：項(xiàng)目單位數(shù)量假定航速VKn91011VA=Vs(1-)Kn7.007.788.56Bp=n*(PDo0.5)/(VA2.5)33.5325.7420.28 (Bp0.5)5.795.074.50MAU4-4068.561.255.0P/D0.6750.7160.760o0.5880.6240.653PTEhp128.43136.291

8、42.63MAU4-5567.160.054.1P/D0.720.7680.816o0.5730.6080.636PTEhp125.15132.80138.91MAU4-7066.559.253.2P/D0.7360.7830.836o0.5520.5800.607PTEhp120.57126.68132.58相應(yīng)曲線（如下圖1-1所示）得到數(shù)據(jù)系列/項(xiàng)目Vmax/knP/DD/mPoMAU4-4010.350.7331.591.1658.660.636MAU4-5510.290.7821.561.2258.140.617MAU4-7010.220.7941.541.2357.820.586圖

9、1-19空泡校核，由圖解法求出不產(chǎn)生空泡的（AE/A0）MIN及相應(yīng)的VsMAX、P/D、0、D.按柏努利空泡限界線中商船上限線，計(jì)算不發(fā)生空泡之最小展開面積比。槳軸沉深hs由船體比例取1.5mp0-pv = pa+hs-pv =(10330+1025×2-174) kgf/m2 =11591kgf/m2計(jì)算溫度t =15, pv = 174 kgf/m2 PDO = 156.78 kw = 213.3 hp (English)=104.63 kgf×s2/m4序號(hào)項(xiàng)目單位數(shù)值MAU4-40MAU4-55MAU4-701AE/Ao0.400.550.702VmaxKn10.

10、3510.2910.223VAm/s4.1414.1154.0904(0.7ND/60)2(m/s)2300.82289.58282.205(V(0.7R)2(m/s)2317.96306.51298.930.5(V(0.7R)216634.0816035.0715638.496=(Po-Pv)/( 0.5(V(0.7R)2)0.6970.7230.7417c0.1720.1780.1828T=75*Po*o/VAKgf2934.12864.42737.29Ap=T/(c*0.5(V(0.7R)2)m21.0261.0040.96210AD=Ap/(1.067-0.229*P/D)m21.14

11、11.1311.08611Ao=(D2)/4m21.9861.9111.86312需要的AE/Ao0.5740.5920.583空泡校核圖如下數(shù)據(jù)分析據(jù)上述結(jié)果作圖二，可求得不發(fā)生空泡的最小盤面比及對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳螺旋槳要素: AE/A0=0.5923， P/D=0.7884， D=1.5534m， 0=0.6093， VMAX=10.14kn圖1-2 空泡校核10計(jì)算與繪制螺旋槳無因次敞水性征曲線 由B4-40,B4-55,P/D=0.735的敞水性征曲線內(nèi)插得到B4-50.5, P/D=0.735的敞水性征曲線，其數(shù)據(jù)如下：J00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9KT0.348

12、40.31840.27280.250.21280.170.12710.080.03718010KQ0.41840.388460.355640.318460.282820.250.20.15430.08710.0243000.122820.250.367180.454360.551540.63590.643080.558980圖1-3 螺旋槳無因次敞水性征曲線11. 計(jì)算船舶系泊狀態(tài)螺旋槳有效推力與保持轉(zhuǎn)矩不變的轉(zhuǎn)速N0由敞水性征曲線得J=0時(shí)，KT=0.348, KQ=0.0419計(jì)算功率 PD=199*0.96*0.98/0.735=154.72hp系柱推力減額分?jǐn)?shù)取 t0=0.04,主機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)

13、矩Q=PD×60×75/(2N)=254.72×60×75/(2×3.1416×297.62)= 612.72 kgf.m系柱推力T=(KT/KQ)×(Q/D)=(0.348/0.0419)×(612.72/1.5534)= 3276.01 kgf車葉轉(zhuǎn)速N0=60×T/(×D4×KT)=60×(3276.01/(104.63×1.55344×0.348)0.5 = 235.85 rpm12槳葉強(qiáng)度校核按我國1990鋼質(zhì)海船入級(jí)與建造規(guī)范校核t0.25R及

14、t0.6R，應(yīng)不小于按下式計(jì)算所的之值： t=Y/(K-X) (mm)式中Y=A1×Ne/(Z×b×N),X=A2×G×Ad×N2×D3/(1010×Z×b)計(jì)算功率Ne=262.62hpAd= AE/A0=0.5923， P/D=0.7884， =10º， G=7.6gf/cm3, N=297.62rpm在0.6R處切面弦長 b0.6=2.1867× AE/A0×D/Z=0.502m b0.25R=0.7212×b0.6R=0.362m項(xiàng)目單位數(shù)值0.25R0.6

15、0R弦長bm0.3620.502K1634307K2250151K31410635K4434A12186791Y1332.4814347.6605K58223K63412K74165K8380330A213251161材料系數(shù)K（鋁青銅）Kgf/cm31.2001.200X0.13680.08644tmm35.40217.669標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槳葉厚度tmm59.1833.86校核結(jié)果滿足要求滿足要求實(shí)取槳葉厚度mm59.1833.8613槳葉輪廓及各半徑切面的型值計(jì)算最大切面在0.66R處，b0.66R=0.226*D* AE/A0/(0.1*Z)=0.520m軸線處最大厚度 = 0.050D=0.05

16、0×1.55×1000=77.67mm實(shí)際槳葉厚度MAU型4葉螺旋槳尺度表列表計(jì)算如下： （單位：mm） 14槳轂設(shè)計(jì)最大連續(xù)功率PD=262.63hp，此時(shí)N0=235.85 rpm(PD/N)1/3= (582/314.8) 1/3= 1.036根據(jù)中文課本P198圖9-1可查得螺旋槳槳軸直徑dt=150mm采用整體式螺旋槳，則螺旋槳的轂徑dh=1.8dt=1.8×150=270mm轂前后兩端的直徑d2=0.88×dh=0.88×270=237.6mmd1=1.10×dh=1.10×270=297mm槳轂長度l0=dh+

17、100=370mm減輕孔的長度l1=0.3×l0=0.3×370=111mm轂部筒圓厚度=0.75×t0.2R=0.75×63.07=47.30mm葉面、葉背與轂連接處的圓弧半徑r1=0.033D=0.033×1553.4×1000=53.8mm，r2=0.044D=0.044×1.5534×1000=68.35mm15 螺旋槳總圖繪制（詳見螺旋槳設(shè)計(jì)總圖）附紙16螺旋槳重量及轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量計(jì)算鋁青銅材料重量密度=8410kgf/m3 ，0.66R處葉切面的弦長 b0.6=0.520mm，螺旋槳直徑D=1.55m，t0.

18、2=0.06307 m， t0.6= 0.03386m最大連續(xù)功率PD=262.63hp，此時(shí)N0=235.85 rpm轂徑d=0.167×dt=0.167×1.5534=00.2700m， 轂長LK=0.3700m槳轂長度中央處軸徑d0 =0.045+0.108(PD/N)1/3-KLK/2 =0.045+0.108×(582/314.8)/3-0.1×0.3934/2=0.0666md/D=0.174則根據(jù)我國船舶及海洋工程設(shè)計(jì)研究院提出的公式：槳葉重 Gbl=0.169Zbmax(0.5t0.2+t0.6)(1-d/D)D(kgf)=0.169&#

19、215;8410×4×0.520×(0.5×0.06307+0.03286)×(1-0.174)×1.5534=248.06kgf 槳轂重 Gn=(0.88-0.6d0/d)LKd2(kgf)=(0.88-0.6×0.0666/0.2700)×0.3700×8410×0.27×0.27=166.05kgf螺旋槳重量 G= Gbl +Gn= 414.1kgf螺旋槳慣性矩 Imp=0.0948Zbmax(0.5t0.2+t0.6)D3 =0.0948×8410×4×0.52×(0.5×0.06307+0.03386)×(1