2018年10月2日五夜十篇講義_共13頁(yè)

1、第一篇：英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村第一段1. For the first time in history more people live in tow ns tha n in the country.（世界范圍）2. In Britain this has had a curious result.3. While polls show （民調(diào)顯示）Britons （英國(guó)人）rate （認(rèn)為）“thecgntrysidl ” along（以 e 及） the royal family, Shakespeare and the NationalHealth Service （NHS）呂（是）what makes

2、 them proudest of their country 阿 s（英國(guó)人對(duì)于鄉(xiāng)村的看法）has limited political support.（民眾和政府的觀點(diǎn)不一樣！!）While:雖然（句首）；但是（中間）；同時(shí)A didn t start till the Shakespearean 滾 geB has brought much benefit to the NHS 滾！ ! !C is fully backed by the royal family 滾！ ! !D is not well reflected in politics= has limited politic

3、al support.第二段1. A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust （國(guó)民信托組織） not to rescue stylishhouses 時(shí)尚的豪宅）but to save “ the beauty of natural places for every one forever.”but to for every one forever. save2. It （組織）was specifically to provide citydwellers （居民） with spaces forleisure /where

4、 they could experie nee Provide sb withsth3. Hill s pres 敦 ufe（施壓）（政府） n ati onal parks and gree n belts.4. They （政府） don t make 建設(shè)）countryside any more, and every yearcon crete con sumes more of it.（比喻，混凝土消耗著更多鄉(xiāng)村！ =很多房建在了鄉(xiāng)村）綠地被破壞！=成果被破壞！5. It （鄉(xiāng)村）needs constant guardianship.（保護(hù)）27._ According to Pa

5、ragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being.2（細(xì)節(jié)）26.s public sentim 觀點(diǎn)） about the countrysid|e.（細(xì)節(jié)）1“ n atural places the beauty“rI zza refresh ing air.later led to the creation （產(chǎn)生） ofB effectively rei nforced.D properly protected.也gradually destroyed.C largely overshadowedParli

6、ame nt：The House of Noble 上The House of Commor 下650半數(shù)！ 325! Shadow cabinet / cabinetThe labor （left）Con servative （right）200+ 318Liberal Democratic （10）Gree n party 1Ukip 1第三段1. At the n ext electio n none of the| bjg partes seem likely to en dors（支持） this sen time nt.（保護(hù)鄉(xiāng)村）Sponsor （支持）2. The Conser

7、vatives （保守黨） planning reform explicitly gives rural development 開(kāi)發(fā)）priorityover conservation （保護(hù)），even authorizing （批準(zhǔn)）“ o-plan ” building where local people might object 反對(duì)）.Sb gives A priority over B某人給了 A 優(yōu)先權(quán)，而沒(méi)有給 B 優(yōu)先權(quán)；某人重視 A 而不重視 B3. The con cept of susta in able developme nt has bee n defi ne

8、d as profitable. susta in abledevelopme nt 環(huán)保profitable二有利可圖！Profitable= lucrativeLucrative= han dsomeLucrative = rich4. Labour （工黨） likewise（同樣的）wa nts to disc on ti nue （停止） localplanning where councils oppose developmen 反對(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)）.local pla門門“9=保護(hù)鄉(xiāng)村工黨也支持開(kāi)發(fā)！5. The Liberal Democrats are sile nt.6. Only

9、Ukip, sensing its cha nee, has sided with（站在了一起）those plead ingfor （呼吁） a more considered（周全） approach （方法） to using green land.7. Its （Ukip）Campaig n to Protect Rural En gla nd struck terror in to（使 害怕） many local Conservative parties.28. Which of the followi ng can be in ferred from Paragraph 3?3A

10、 Labour is un der attack for oppos ing developme nt.B The Con servatives may aba ndon -plan off buildi ng.（有 may 也不對(duì)的兩種情況：1.和文章表述完全相反，2.文中完全沒(méi)有提及。）C The Liberal Democrats are losi ng political in flue nee.（保持沉默不以為這失去了政治影響力）D Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.（有 may 有未來(lái)！）第四段1. The

11、sen sible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, i n cities andtow ns where in frastructure is in place.2. The London age nts Stirl ing Ackroyd rece ntly ide ntified （找至 U 了） eno ugh sites（建筑用地）for （容納） half a million houses in the London are alone, with no intrusion （

12、侵占） on green belt.Overstep3. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces 其他地方）.第五段1. The idea that“ housing crisis ” equals “ concreted meadows ”1） “ housing crisis ” equals“ concreted meadows ”要想解決住房危機(jī)就是要在綠地上建房。2） The idea is pure lobby talk2. The issue is not the need for more houses but

13、, as always, where to put them.3.Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favoursural new-bujld against urban reno vati on andren ewal.is pure lobby tc4. He favours ou|t-of-town shopping siteS against high streets 城市商業(yè)街）High streetFleet street 國(guó)報(bào)業(yè)Dow ning street 國(guó)政府Wall street =美國(guó)的金融界29.The author holds

14、 that George Osborne spreferenee （細(xì)節(jié)）.45A highlights his firm sta nd aga inst lobby pressure豈 shows his disregard （不關(guān)心）for the character of rural areasC stresses the n ecessity of eas ing the hous ing crisisD reveals a stro ng prejudice aga inst urba n areas5. This is not a free market but a biased

15、有偏見(jiàn)的！有歧視的?。?one. 保守黨人往往是支持自由資本主義的。他們就主張要提供一個(gè)無(wú)差別的競(jìng) 爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境，讓人人，各個(gè)組織機(jī)構(gòu)都有機(jī)會(huì)，公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。保守黨人認(rèn)為政府不應(yīng)該插手到市場(chǎng)的活動(dòng)中。6. Rural tow ns and villages have grow n and will always grow.7. They do so best where building sticks to their edges 邊界）and respectstheir character.8. We do not ruin urba n con servati on areas.9. Why ru

16、in rural on es?第六段1. Developme nt should be pla nn ed, no t let rip.Let rip = let sth rip 肆意妄為2. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe3. Half a century of town and country planning 伴個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)的城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)戈 U ） has en abled it 英國(guó)）to retain（保持了）an env iable , rural cohere nee（致性）, while（同時(shí)）still permitting（ow-d

17、ensityurban living.Permit sth 使什么成為可能smost30.In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of _ （.6 細(xì)節(jié)）C the en viable urba n lifestyle in Britain 主題為王 k k 必殺D the town-and-country planning in BritainA the size of population in BritainB the political life in todays Britain4. There is no d

18、oubt of the alternativethe corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain orIreland.5. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.政治譜系政治譜系上的左派和右派應(yīng)該團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，避免這樣的事情發(fā)生，而不是促成破 壞英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村。第二篇：英國(guó)福利標(biāo)注段落號(hào)和句子序號(hào)切分/調(diào)序第一段1. In order to“change lives for the better”

19、 and reduce “dependencyOsborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the“upfront work search ” scheGeorgeOsborne introduced the “（4 誠(chéng)信）work search ” sche（ri 計(jì)戈 U）In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce 人們）d?pendency ,Chancellor of the Exchequer2. Only if the jobless arrive at the job

20、centre with a CV（簡(jiǎn)歷）register for online job search, andstart looking for work will they be eligible for benefitand then they should report weekly rather thanfortnightly.Only if .2） they will be eligible for benefitBe eligible for sthBe eligible to do sth.1）.the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a

21、 CV（簡(jiǎn)歷）register for online jobsearch, and start look ing for work3）they should report weekly rather than （而不是）fortnightly （每?jī)芍埽?. What could be more reas on able?21. George Osborne s scheme was intended to纟田節(jié).1A provide the un employed with easier access to ben efits寫作句：I can have the better access

22、to the up-to-date in formatio n with the help of the mobileIn ternet.B pncourage jobseekers active engagement in job seeking名詞（有動(dòng)詞含義的）翻譯為動(dòng)詞C motivate the un employed to report volun tarilyD guara ntee jobseekers legitimate right to ben efitsLegitimate :合法；合理的;（重視分析題干和選項(xiàng)以及相關(guān)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)?。┑诙?. More appare nt

23、reas on able ness followed.2. There will now be a sevenday wait for the jobseeker s allowanee.（介詞能省譯就?。。?.“ Those first few days should be spe nt look ing for work, not look ing sign on, ”he claimed.（找指代！ ?。┰~匯：looking for（尋找）work not looking to （尋找） _22. The phrase“ to sig n on”（Para. 2） most probab

24、ly mean s 詞匯2A to check on the availability of jobs at the job centreB to accept the government s restrictions on the allowanee秒。register for an allowa nee from the gover nm etDto atte nd a gover nmen tal job-tra ining programA B C D4.“ We re doing these things becaus&nww they （things）help peopl

25、estay off （遠(yuǎn)離） ben efits and help those on（依靠） ben efits get into work faster.5HHelp?營(yíng) Really?（作者觀點(diǎn)?。〥iss 2012.1 peer pressure7. On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to changelives for the better, complete with“reforms ” to an obviously indulgent system thdema nds too

26、 little effort from the n ewly un employed to find work, and subsidizes lazin ess.民生！社會(huì)責(zé)任感！1） On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor2） trying to change lives for the better3） complete with “reforms ” to an obviously in（i 縱容 n 性質(zhì)的）system4） system dema nds too little effort from

27、the n ewly un employed to find work,and subsidizes （資助）laz in ess.8. What motivated him, we were to un dersta nd, was his zeal for“ fun damentalfairn ess ”protect ing the taxpayer, con trolli ng spe nding and en suri ng that only themost deserv ing claima nts received their ben efits.1） we were to u

28、nderstand2） What motivated （促使） him was his zeal （渴求） for “ fun dame ntal fairness ?”protect ing the taxpayeljpn trolli ng spe nding anenjuring that only the most deserving（最有資格的）claimants （申請(qǐng)者）eceived their ben efits.（福禾 U）23. What prompted the cha ncellQr to develop his scheme 細(xì)節(jié)2A A desire to sec

29、ure a better life for all.B A n eager ness to protect the un employed.C An urge to be generous （慷慨）to the claimants.D A passi on to ensure fair ness for taxpayers.第三段1. Losing a job is hurting: you don t skip down to whh jatscegtrenyour heart, delighted at the prospect of doubli ng your in come from

30、 the gen erous state.2. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know thatsupport （福禾 U）is mi ni mal （最基本的）and extraord in arily hard toget.3. You are now not wan ted; you are now excluded from the work en vir onment that offers purposeand structure in your life.that offers

31、 purpose （目標(biāo)） and structure （支撐） in your life.4. Worse, thy crucial （重要）in come to feed （養(yǎng)活）yourself and yourfamily and pay the bills has disappeared.5. Ask anyone n ewly un employed what they want and the an swer is always: a job.Los ing a job is hurt ing:24. Accord ing to Paragraph 3, being un emp

32、loyed makes one feel_細(xì)A pneasy （不安）B enraged （憤怒）C insulted （侮辱）D guilty （有罪）第四段1. But in Osborneland, your first instinet 本能）is to fall into dependency permanent dependencyif you can get supported by a state |四“ too| ready to indulge （縱容） your falsehood （不誠(chéng)信）.En gla nc 英格蘭Osbornela n 噢斯本蘭Mayla nd2.

33、 It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and ben efit adm ini strati onsystem n ever happe ned.It is as though：仿佛，好像?。ㄟ^(guò)去 20 多年，已經(jīng)對(duì)英國(guó)的福利制度改革了?。?. The prin ciple of British welfare is no Ion ger that you can in sure yourself against the risk ofunemployment and receive uncond

34、itional payments if the disaster happe ns.1） The prin ciple of British welfare is no Ion ger that2） you can in sure yourself aga inst the risk of un employme nt3） you can receive unconditional payments 資助）if the disaster happens.4. Even the very phrase“jobseeker s allowanee ” is about redefiningun e

35、mployed as a“ jobseeker ” who had no fun dame ntal right to a ben efit he or she hasearned through making n ati onal in sura nce con tributi ons.1）Even the very phrase“jobseeker s allowance ” is about redefiningunemployed as a“jobseeker ”3) he or she has earn e( be nefit)through making n ati onal in

36、 sura neecon tributi ons5. In stead, the claima nt receives a timemited “ allowa nee, ” con diti onal on actively seek inga job; no en titleme nt and no in sura nee, at 71.70 a week, one of the least generous 最少！ ) in the EU.In stead = however!In stead of= not25. To which of the followi ng would the

37、 author most probably agree?細(xì)A The British welfare system in dulges jobseekers laz in ess.B Osborne s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.C The jobseekers allowanee has met their actual needs.D Un employme nt ben efits should not be made con diti on al.判斷題型和關(guān)注段落號(hào)第三篇：GDP 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第一段1.Robert F. Ken

38、n edy once said that a country except that which makes life worthwhile ”2. With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.1) Britain voting to leave the European Union,2) GDP already predicte

39、d to slow as a result(因此)3) it is now a timely moment (最佳時(shí)刻) to assess what he was referring to (指的是什么)第二段1. The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a cen tury.2. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. Every one is flawed.3.lt measures things that do not matter

40、 and misses things that do.Do= matter4. By most recent measures, the UK s GDP has been the envy of the Westernworld, with record low un employme nt and high growth figures.1) By most recent measures,eveDPngeasures2) the UK s GDP has bethe envy of the Western world3) with record low=lowest unemployme

41、nt and high growth figuresRecord:空前的5. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote forBrexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to thei country s economicprospects?1) If everyth ing was going so well,2) the n why did over 17 milli on people vote for Brexit,3)

42、despite the warnings about what it could do to their country sprospects第三段1. A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth intowell 魁 being sheds some light on that question.1) A rece nt annual studfQ coun tries and their ability to con vert growth into well being2) A recent

43、 annual study seds some light 6n that questi(對(duì)有啟發(fā)！2. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in en suri ng thatecono mic growth is tran slated in to meanin gful improveme nts for its citize ns.1) Across the 163 countries measured2) in en suri ng that econo mic grow

44、th is tran slated in to meanin gful improveme nts for itscitizens.(確保經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)可以被轉(zhuǎn)換為對(duì)民生有益的提升。3)he UK is one of the poorest performers3. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, educati on andcivil society en gageme nt have bee n measured to get a more roun ded as

45、sessme nt of how coun triesare perform ing.1) Rather than just focusing on GDP2) ovr 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil societyen gageme nt have bee n measured 被的切換! ( study)這項(xiàng)研究考量了涵蓋健康教育公民社會(huì)的參與程度在內(nèi)的，40 多套指標(biāo)，而不只是關(guān)注于 GDP,3) to get a more rounded assessment 評(píng)估)of how countr

46、ies are performi ng目的是為了更加全面的評(píng)估這些國(guó)家的表現(xiàn)。第四段1. While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent (共同)themes.2. Yes, there has bee n a budd in(萌芽) econo mic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but inkey in dicators in areas such as health and educatio n, major e

47、cono mies have con ti nued to decli ne.1)there has been a buddin(萌芽) economic recovery sincethe 2008 global crash,2) in areas such as health and education3) in key indicators再比如健康和教育領(lǐng)域中的關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)方面，4) major economies have continued to decline3. Yet this isn t the case with all countries.4. Some relativel

48、y poor Europea n coun tries have see n huge improveme nts across measures includi ng civil society, in come equality and en vir onment.1) across measures in cludi ng civil society, in come equality and en vir onment2) Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements第五段1. This is a

49、 less on that rich coun tries can leann: When GDP is no Ion ger regarded as the solemeasure of a country s success, the world looks very different.逐句翻譯稿子：第一篇：英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村第一段1. For the first time in history more people live in tow ns tha n in the coun try.歷史上第一次，居住在城市里的人比居住在鄉(xiāng)村你的人多。2. In Britain this has had

50、a curious result.在英國(guó)，這產(chǎn)生了奇怪的結(jié)果。3. While polls show Britons rate“ the countryside ” alongside the royal famiShakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest oftheir country, this has limited political support（traction）. 雖然，民調(diào)顯示英國(guó)人把 “鄉(xiāng)村以及皇室，莎士比亞和英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù) 體系”一起評(píng)為這個(gè)國(guó)家最讓他們感到自

51、豪的四個(gè)方面。但是這只得到了有限 的政治上的支持。26._ Britain s public sentiment about thecountryside _ .A didn t start till tShehakespearean ageB has brought much benefit to the NHSC is fully backed by the royal familyD is not well reflected in politics第二段1. A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to re

52、scue stylish（ posh）houses butto save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.一個(gè)世紀(jì)以前，奧克塔威亞希爾發(fā)起了 “國(guó)民信托 ”組織，他們不是為了 去拯救那些時(shí)尚的豪宅，而是去為每一個(gè)人永遠(yuǎn)的保留那份自然景色之美。2. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“ a refreshing air.”這個(gè)組織專門為城市居民提供休閑之處，這里他們體驗(yàn)到

53、一些清新的空氣。3. Hill s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. 后來(lái)， Hill 敦促（各方），進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生了國(guó)家公園和綠地帶。4. They don t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it.而現(xiàn)在，政府不再建設(shè)鄉(xiāng)村，每年混凝土都在消耗更多的鄉(xiāng)村。5. It needs constant guardianship. 鄉(xiāng)村需要持續(xù)的保護(hù)。第三段1. At the next electi

54、on none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment.下一次大選，似乎沒(méi)有一個(gè)大黨有可能會(huì)支持這種觀點(diǎn)priority over conservation, even authorizing-plan ” build“inogff where local people might object.保守黨的改革計(jì)劃就明確地將優(yōu)先權(quán)給予了鄉(xiāng)村開(kāi)發(fā)而不是保護(hù)，甚至批 準(zhǔn)當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兛赡芊磳?duì)的計(jì)劃外建筑。3. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as pro

55、fitable.可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念被定義為有利可圖。2. The Conservativesplanning erxepfolircmitly givesruraldevelopment4. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development.同樣的，工黨也想在到當(dāng)?shù)刈h會(huì)反對(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)的地方停止當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)劃。5. The Liberal Democrats are silent. 自由民主黨保持了沉默。6. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided

56、 with those pleading for a more considered approach tousing green land.只有英國(guó)獨(dú)立黨，感到了機(jī)會(huì)的存在，和那些主張用更周全的方式使用綠 地的人站在了一起。7. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.其保護(hù)英格蘭鄉(xiāng)村的活動(dòng)使很多地方保守黨人膽戰(zhàn)心驚。第四段1. The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is

57、 where people are, in cities andtowns where infrastructure is in place.修建新的住宅，新的工廠已經(jīng)辦公室的理想之地應(yīng)該是已經(jīng)有人住的地方，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施已經(jīng)就緒的城市和城鎮(zhèn)。2. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses inthe London are alone, with no intrusion on green belt.倫敦的地產(chǎn)代理商 Stirling Ackroyd 最近

58、在倫敦就選定了足以修建 50 萬(wàn)套 房屋的建筑用地，并且沒(méi)有侵占綠地帶。3. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. 倫敦都能做到，其他地方就更能做到了。第五段1. The idea that“ housing crisis ” equals “ concreted meadows ”有觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為住房的危機(jī) （的解決） 就等同于要在草地上澆筑混凝土， 這樣 的觀點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)直就是游說(shuō)之詞。2. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put

59、them. 問(wèn)題不在于需要更多的房，和往常一樣，問(wèn)題在于修在哪里？3. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation andrenewal.在游說(shuō)團(tuán)體的壓力之下，喬治奧斯本支持在鄉(xiāng)村修新的建筑，而不是進(jìn)行 城鎮(zhèn)的改造和翻新。4. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. 他支持鄉(xiāng)村購(gòu)物場(chǎng)所，而不支持商業(yè)街。5. This is not a free market but a biased on

60、e.這不是一個(gè)自由的市場(chǎng)，而是一個(gè)有差別的市場(chǎng)。6. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. 鄉(xiāng)村小鎮(zhèn)和村莊已經(jīng)開(kāi)始發(fā)展，而且會(huì)一直發(fā)展。7. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character.這些小鎮(zhèn)和村莊在遵守鄉(xiāng)村邊界和尊重鄉(xiāng)村特色的地方發(fā)展很好。8. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. 我們沒(méi)有去破壞城鎮(zhèn)的保護(hù)區(qū)。9. Why ruin rural ones? 那