高一英語(yǔ)開學(xué)第一課

1、WELCOME TO MY CLASS! About English Do you like English? Do you think it difficult? why? Learning English is a big challenge(挑戰(zhàn)） or a piece of cake?（小菜一碟）In fact , learning English is interesting.麻豆秀 Pk敗東西English English Study Study - some advice for every studentConfidentStrictActive What do you hav

2、e to prepare for English learning?My favorite motto If you dont like something, change it If you cant change anything, change yourattitude, never complain. DEVELOP A GOOD ATTITUDE. 態(tài)度決定一切。態(tài)度決定一切。 STUDY EVERY DAY! 英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的積累的過(guò)程。英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的積累的過(guò)程。 DISTRIBUTE YOUR STUDY TIME 學(xué)習(xí)要有主次輕重；要有目標(biāo)，各個(gè)擊破。學(xué)習(xí)要有主次輕重

3、；要有目標(biāo)，各個(gè)擊破。 ATTEND AND PARTICIPATE IN EVERY CLASS 積極參與課堂活動(dòng)積極參與課堂活動(dòng) 1 hour of class = 2 hours of study time! VISIT INSTRUCOR DURING OFFICE HOURS TO GET ACQUAINTED 多和老師交流多和老師交流 PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT 勤于練習(xí)勤于練習(xí)RememberPractice makes perfect(熟能生巧）熟能生巧） Attitude is everything （態(tài)度決定一切）（態(tài)度決定一切）Try your best

4、 Just do it You can learn English well Believe in yourself培養(yǎng)學(xué)會(huì)幾個(gè)習(xí)慣培養(yǎng)學(xué)會(huì)幾個(gè)習(xí)慣 Learn to use resources finding out how useful English is in your life. English is every where. If you have sharp eyes, sharp ears and a desire to learn, you will be surprised to discover that you are actually surrounded by ri

5、ch learning resources. Reference books Dictionary Learn to use dictionaries. Internet Learn to use dictionaries. You must have at least one dictionary, with both Chinese and English explanations such as Oxford, Longman, students practical essentials of NMET. Some electronic dictionaries may appear h

6、andier, but they may not be as reliable as those printed dictionaries by established press houses.Learn to speak Speak or read in a loud voice in class. Thats easy for all of you to do but as I know it is difficult for you to follow. Don t be shy if you want to express yourself in public. If you can

7、 speak and read in a loud voice, the whole class will listen to you attentively and you will be full of confidence be encouraged to learn it well. Learn to read READ READ, read some more, READ things you yourself enjoy. READ, and talk about it. READ very carefully some things READ on the run, most t

8、hings, Dont think about READING, but . READLearn to take notes. Learn to take notes. for collecting the key points in class or out of class while reading English magazines or newspapers. for keeping a diary in English every day. For collecting your mistakes“二二”習(xí)習(xí)五五多多 Prepare your lessons well before

9、 every class.（預(yù)習(xí)）（預(yù)習(xí)） Review what youve learned in time.（復(fù)習(xí)）（復(fù)習(xí)） Read more and read different materials.（多讀）（多讀） Write as often as possible.（多寫）（多寫） Talk more either in class or out of class.（多說(shuō)）（多說(shuō)） Turn to your teachers for advice and help.（多問(wèn)）（多問(wèn)） Cooperate more(多合作）多合作）Four SkillsListeningSpeaki

10、ng ReadingWriting1.textbook; 2.other kinds of tapes; 3.simple English songs; 4.CCTV-9; 5.Internet1.Be active in and after class; 2.Dont be afraid of making mistakes1.Morning-reading class; 2. English weekly;3.Other kinds of materials, magazinesWrite Weekly Diary using the words, phrases and Sentence

11、s that have been learnedPractice makes perfect!The rules to obey in class Join in the class Do hands up when you know sth or have some good point speak English as much as possible speak it loudly & clearly. Listen to others Ask for help if difficult Mobiles off Not eating or drinking Never miss

12、or forget homework (oral, written) 學(xué)好外語(yǔ)的十條經(jīng)驗(yàn)學(xué)好外語(yǔ)的十條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 1.學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)一天也不能中斷，那怕每天擠出10分鐘也好。早晨是學(xué)外語(yǔ)的大好時(shí)光，尤應(yīng)充分利用。 2.如果學(xué)厭了，不必勉強(qiáng)繼續(xù)，也不要放下不學(xué)，可以變換一下其它的學(xué)習(xí)方法和形式，如改聽(tīng)錄音，看外語(yǔ)電視節(jié)目等。 3.絕不要脫離上下文孤立地死記硬背。 4.應(yīng)隨時(shí)記下并背熟常用的“句套子”，并多多練習(xí)套用。 5.盡可能“心譯”你接觸的東西，如一閃而過(guò)的廣告，偶爾聽(tīng)到的話語(yǔ)。這是一種休息方式，也是一種訓(xùn)練方式。 6.不要反復(fù)去看那些未經(jīng)教師修改過(guò)的練習(xí)，只有那些肯定是正確的東西才值得去牢記。 7.抄

13、錄和記憶“句套子”和慣用語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用單數(shù)第一人稱。在應(yīng)用時(shí)則能根據(jù)不同時(shí)態(tài)而發(fā)揮出去。 8.外語(yǔ)好比碉堡，必須同時(shí)從四面八方向它圍攻。如：讀報(bào)紙，聽(tīng)廣播，看外語(yǔ)電影、電視，聽(tīng)外語(yǔ)講座，讀外語(yǔ)讀物等。 9.要敢于用外語(yǔ)說(shuō)話，不要怕出錯(cuò)誤。當(dāng)別人幫你糾正錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，不要難為情，更不要泄氣。 10.要堅(jiān)信自己一定能達(dá)到目的，堅(jiān)信自己有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的毅力和語(yǔ)言方面的才能。 n = 名詞，noun的縮寫 c = 可數(shù)名詞，countable noun的縮寫 u = 不可數(shù)名詞，uncountable noun的縮寫 Sing.=單數(shù) singular的縮寫 pl = 復(fù)數(shù)，plural的縮寫 pron = 代詞，pr

14、onoun的縮寫 num = 數(shù)詞，numeral的縮寫 adj = 形容詞，adjective的縮寫 v = 動(dòng)詞，兼指及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞，verb的縮寫 vi = 不及物動(dòng)詞，intransitive verb的縮寫 vt = 及物動(dòng)詞，transitive verb的縮寫 aux.v = 助動(dòng)詞 ，auxiliary的縮寫 adv = 副詞，adverb的縮寫 art = 冠詞，article的縮寫 conj = 連接詞 ，conjunction的縮寫 prep = 介詞；前置詞，preposition的縮寫 int = 感嘆詞，interjection的縮寫 句句子子結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)分分類類

15、 簡(jiǎn)單句 Simple Sentences 含有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)（或并列主語(yǔ)）和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（或并列謂語(yǔ)）的句子 并列句 Compound Sentences 包含兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子且句子之間有并列連詞and/but等或用分號(hào)連接 復(fù)合句 Complex Sentences 包含一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)從句或一個(gè)主句和多個(gè)從句的句子，且從句用從屬連詞引導(dǎo)Type 2. S+ViType 2. S+ViType 3. S+ Vt + OType 3. S+ Vt + OType 4. S+ Vt + O1+ O2Type 4. S+ Vt + O1+ O2Type 1. S+ link V+PType 1.

16、 S+ link V+PType 5. S+ Vt+ O+ OCType 5. S+ Vt+ O+ OC 五個(gè)基本句式詳細(xì)解釋如下：個(gè)基本句式詳細(xì)解釋如下： 1 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 例：例：He (主語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ)）laughed(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）. My tooth aches. /she want to school on foot.2 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 例：例：They（主語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)） enjoy（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞） the play（賓語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）. I met John in the street yesterday. 3 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + 系

17、動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 例：例：He（主語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)） is（系動(dòng)詞）（系動(dòng)詞） out（表語(yǔ)）（表語(yǔ)）. Jenny is fine. / It looks like rain, soon. 4 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 + 雙賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ) （就是（就是 間接賓間接賓語(yǔ)和直接賓語(yǔ)）語(yǔ)和直接賓語(yǔ)） 例：例：He （主語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)）bought （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞） her（間接賓語(yǔ)）（間接賓語(yǔ)） a watch （直接賓語(yǔ)）（直接賓語(yǔ)）. The sun gives us light. 注意：雙賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)指人（即間接賓語(yǔ)），注意：雙賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)指人（即間接賓語(yǔ)），另一個(gè)指物（即直接賓語(yǔ)）。一般

18、間接賓另一個(gè)指物（即直接賓語(yǔ)）。一般間接賓語(yǔ)位于直接賓語(yǔ)的前面，有時(shí)它們也可交語(yǔ)位于直接賓語(yǔ)的前面，有時(shí)它們也可交換位置，這是需要在間接賓語(yǔ)的前面加上換位置，這是需要在間接賓語(yǔ)的前面加上介詞介詞to 或或for 。 5 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) + 補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 例：例：She（主語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)） found（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞） him （賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ) )a very clever student（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）. I make it a rule to get up early in the morning. 注意：當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)意思表達(dá)不完整時(shí)，需要用補(bǔ)注意：當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)意

19、思表達(dá)不完整時(shí)，需要用補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)等。用作賓足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)等。用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的通常有名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的通常有名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等。當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為式等。當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為see, hear , watch, feel 等等感官動(dòng)詞或者感官動(dòng)詞或者let, have , make 等使役動(dòng)詞時(shí)，等使役動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如果不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，必須省略如果不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，必須省略to。 例如：例如：Let me (to) see. (to)要省去。要省去。1. The machine doesnt work.1. The machine doesnt work.

20、2. He is an honest student.2. He is an honest student.3. The silk feels soft.3. The silk feels soft.4. I have a lot of friends here. 4. I have a lot of friends here. 5. Tom lent me 200 dollars.5. Tom lent me 200 dollars.6. I saw him writing a letter.6. I saw him writing a letter.7. I find maths diff

21、icult.7. I find maths difficult.8. We call her Lily.8. We call her Lily.9. Father asked me to turn off the TV.9. Father asked me to turn off the TV.主主謂謂賓賓定定狀狀表表賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)主主系系an honestan honest表表主主系系主主 謂謂主主主主主主主主主主謂謂謂謂謂謂謂謂謂謂賓賓賓賓賓賓賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓賓賓賓賓賓句子成分常用詞性主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)n/pron.n./pron.Adj.Adv.

22、n./adj.n./adj./to do /doingV My name is Jin Yaqian. My name is Jin Yaqian. I like singing very I like singing very much.much. In my opinion, it can give me a lot of In my opinion, it can give me a lot of fun. fun. So I always ask my friends to go singing So I always ask my friends to go singing with

23、 me.with me. I will succeed one day. I will succeed one day. My name is Jia Qiao. My name is Jia Qiao. Some people call Some people call me Joy.me Joy. Time flies. Time flies. Im 17 years old now, I Im 17 years old now, I feel happy to study in No. High School.feel happy to study in No. High School.

24、 I I enjoy writing diaries in my blog and playing enjoy writing diaries in my blog and playing the piano. the piano. I always tell myself to be I always tell myself to be confident.confident.兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間應(yīng)該有連詞，或者用句號(hào)。兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間應(yīng)該有連詞，或者用句號(hào)。英語(yǔ)句子成分英語(yǔ)句子成分：句子的組成部分包括主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)七種。1主語(yǔ)是句子敘述的主體，可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞

25、化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和主語(yǔ)從句等來(lái)承擔(dān)。謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所發(fā)出的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞來(lái)承擔(dān)。賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，常位于及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面。賓語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任。主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)句子的兩大成分，除少數(shù)句子（如祈使句和感嘆句等）外，一句話必須同時(shí)具有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的意思才能完整。主語(yǔ)是針對(duì)謂語(yǔ)而言的，是一句話的主題，謂語(yǔ)用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的情況，為主語(yǔ)提供信息。例如：They are working.主語(yǔ)是they(他們)，那么他們?cè)谧鍪裁茨兀靠磥?lái)沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)a

26、re working 是不行的。在正常情況下，英語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的位置與漢語(yǔ)一致，也就是說(shuō)主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)緊跟其后。主語(yǔ) 哪些詞可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)1. 名詞例如： A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.The first truck is carrying a few baskets.The temperature will stay above zero.2. 代詞例如： Its a young forest.I dont know if it will grow./ Thats a bit expensive.3. 數(shù)詞例如：One and two is thr

27、ee.One is not enough for me. I want one more.Two will be enough.4. 不定式不定式 （常以 Its adj. to do sth. 形式出現(xiàn)）例如： To give is better than to receive =Its better to give.Its glad to see you again.It was difficult to see.5. IT 作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，有如下情況：1) 指代剛剛提到的事物：Whats this ? Its a bus. (指代what)2) 指代一個(gè)你不知道或判斷不清性別的人：Whos

28、 knocking the door? Its me. (指代 who)Whos the baby in the picture? Its my sister. (指代 who) 3) 表示時(shí)間，天氣，距離： Whats the time? Its eight oclock. (時(shí)間時(shí)間) Whats it going to be tomorrow? Its going to be rainy.(天氣天氣) How far is it? Its about one kilometre away. (距離距離) 6. THERE 引起的引起的There be 句型中，句型中，be 作作謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)

29、位居其后。如：謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)位居其后。如： There are many different kinds of mooncakes. There will be a strong wind.謂語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)有動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成，依據(jù)其在句中繁簡(jiǎn)程度可把謂語(yǔ)為簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)和復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)兩類。不論何種時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，語(yǔ)氣，凡由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞（或動(dòng)詞詞組）構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)都是簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)。例如： I like walking.(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) I made your birthday cake last night. (一般過(guò)去時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) It is used by travellers and business people all o

30、ver the world. (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) 復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)也可分為兩種情況： 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作所涉及的對(duì)象賓語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作所涉及的對(duì)象,它是動(dòng)作的承受它是動(dòng)作的承受者者,賓語(yǔ)可以由名詞或起名詞作用的成分擔(dān)任，賓語(yǔ)可以由名詞或起名詞作用的成分擔(dān)任，賓語(yǔ)一般放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面。賓語(yǔ)一般放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面。 I saw a cat in the tree. 我看見(jiàn)樹上有一只貓。我看見(jiàn)樹上有一只貓。 I want to go shopping. 我想去買東西。我想去買東西。 He said he could be here. 他說(shuō)他會(huì)來(lái)的。他說(shuō)他會(huì)來(lái)的。用于描述名詞,代詞,短語(yǔ)或從句的性質(zhì),特征范

31、圍等情況的詞叫做定語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)可以由名詞,形容詞和起名詞和形容詞作用的詞,短語(yǔ)擔(dān)任。如果定語(yǔ)是單個(gè)詞,定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞的前面,如果是詞組,定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞的后面。 That is a beautiful flower. 那是一朵漂亮的花。 The TV set made in that factory is very good. 那個(gè)工廠生產(chǎn)的電視機(jī)很好。 I have a lot of things to do. 我有好多要做的事情。 Our country is a developing country. 我們的國(guó)家是一個(gè)發(fā)展中的國(guó)家。表語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)表語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì),身

32、份身份,特征和狀態(tài)。特征和狀態(tài)。表語(yǔ)須和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成句子的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)須和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成句子的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)一般放在系動(dòng)詞之后。一般放在系動(dòng)詞之后。表語(yǔ)可以由名詞表語(yǔ)可以由名詞,形容詞或起形容詞或起名詞和形容詞作用的詞和短語(yǔ)擔(dān)任。名詞和形容詞作用的詞和短語(yǔ)擔(dān)任。 These desks are yellow. 這些桌子是黃色的。這些桌子是黃色的。 My work is teaching English, 我的工作是教英語(yǔ)。我的工作是教英語(yǔ)。 The dictionary is in the bag. 詞典在書包里邊。詞典在書包里邊。 My question is how you k

33、new him. 我的問(wèn)題是你如何認(rèn)識(shí)他的。我的問(wèn)題是你如何認(rèn)識(shí)他的。狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)1、說(shuō)明事物發(fā)生的時(shí)間說(shuō)明事物發(fā)生的時(shí)間, ,地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn), ,原因原因, ,目的目的, ,結(jié)結(jié)果方式果方式, ,條件或伴隨情況條件或伴隨情況, ,程度等情況的詞叫程度等情況的詞叫狀語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)。2 2、狀語(yǔ)的功用：狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、狀語(yǔ)的功用：狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。隨狀況等。3 3、狀語(yǔ)一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞和分詞、狀語(yǔ)一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞和分詞短語(yǔ)、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)?yè)?dān)短語(yǔ)、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)

34、來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首當(dāng)。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等或句中，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等 A、副詞一般在句子中做狀語(yǔ)、副詞一般在句子中做狀語(yǔ) He speaks English very well. 他英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得非常好。他英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得非常好。 B、不定式在句子中可以作目的狀語(yǔ)。、不定式在句子中可以作目的狀語(yǔ)。 I come specially to see you.我專門來(lái)看你。我專門來(lái)看你。 C、介詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ) Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian. The boy was praised for his