中考英語復習-連詞 ppt課件

1、復習要點復習要點1.知識概要知識概要2.連詞一覽表連詞一覽表3.常用并列連詞的用法常用并列連詞的用法1 and 2 bothand 3 not onlybut also 4 as well as 5 nor 6 but 7 however, still, yet 8 while 9 or 10 either or/neither nor 11 so 12 then 13 for4.常用從屬連詞的用法常用從屬連詞的用法1that 2 when, while, as 3 after/before 4since 5 till/until 6as soon as 7 because/since/as

2、8 so/such that 9if10 unless=if not 11though/although 12asas/ than 14 as13 whether/if 14 so/such that3.常用近義連詞的用法辨析常用近義連詞的用法辨析1 while, when, as 2as, because, since , for 3if, whether4sothat, such.that 5eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also6although, but 7because, so4.正誤辨析正誤辨析5.例題解析例題解析6.課時訓練課時訓練知識概要知

3、識概要 用來銜接詞、短語、從句或句子的詞叫連詞。連詞用來銜接詞、短語、從句或句子的詞叫連詞。連詞是一種虛詞，在句中不能單獨運用。連詞可分為兩類：是一種虛詞，在句中不能單獨運用。連詞可分為兩類：并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞和從屬連詞。連詞一覽表連詞一覽表作作 用用主主 要要 連連 詞詞并并列列連連詞詞表并列關系表并列關系and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等等表選擇關系表選擇關系or, eitheror等等表轉折關系表轉折關系but, however, while (而而)，only (只不過只不過)等等表因果關系表因果關系for, so，ther

4、efore (因此因此)，then（那么）等（那么）等從從屬屬連連詞詞引導時間狀語引導時間狀語從句從句after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。等。引導條件狀語引導條件狀語從句從句if, unless等等引導原因狀語引導原因狀語從句從句because, as, since等等難點鏈接難點鏈接1.1.常用并列連詞的用法常用并列連詞的用法1 1andand銜接語法作用一樣的部分銜接語法作用一樣的部分. .如：如： Let me know Let me know what you saw and heard in

5、Europe.what you saw and heard in Europe.假設銜接的兩個名詞是指同一個人而有兩種身份時假設銜接的兩個名詞是指同一個人而有兩種身份時, ,第第二個名詞前不要加冠詞或一切格二個名詞前不要加冠詞或一切格. . 如：如：Her husband is a singer and songwriter. Her husband is a singer and songwriter. 祈使句祈使句+and+and替代條件句替代條件句. . 如：如：Work hard and you will Work hard and you will pass the examinat

6、ion.pass the examination.由由andand銜接兩個主語時謂語動詞要用復數(shù)方式。如：銜接兩個主語時謂語動詞要用復數(shù)方式。如：You and I are from China.You and I are from China.但是，但是， and and前面的主語之前有前面的主語之前有every, each, no, many aevery, each, no, many a的時候用單數(shù)謂語動詞的時候用單數(shù)謂語動詞. .如：如： Every train and bus was Every train and bus was crowded with many people.

7、 crowded with many people. 2 2 both+ both+主語主語+and+and+主語主語+“+“復數(shù)謂語動詞。如：復數(shù)謂語動詞。如： Both Tom and Jerry are going to the cinema. Both Tom and Jerry are going to the cinema. 3 3 not onlybut also not onlybut also假設銜接兩個主語假設銜接兩個主語, ,謂語動詞臨謂語動詞臨近原那么近原那么. .如：如： Not only he but also his parents are very kind t

8、o Not only he but also his parents are very kind to me. me. 4 4 as well as as well as后面的主語不作為成分后面的主語不作為成分. .如：如： This study, as well as many other reports, shows This study, as well as many other reports, shows that cancer can be cured. that cancer can be cured. 后面假設接動詞一定要用動名詞后面假設接動詞一定要用動名詞. .如：如： S

9、he sings as She sings as well as playing the piano.well as playing the piano. 5) nor 5) nor能否認銜接詞能否認銜接詞, , 后面接的句子應倒裝后面接的句子應倒裝. . 如：如：I I dont know, nor do I care. dont know, nor do I care. 6 6butbut用來表示轉機用來表示轉機, ,如：如： He tried hard but he was He tried hard but he was unsuccessful.unsuccessful.還可以用在還

10、可以用在no one, none, nobody, nothing, all, everyno one, none, nobody, nothing, all, every等詞之后表示除了等詞之后表示除了以外。如：以外。如： All the boys but All the boys but one are here.one are here. 難點鏈接難點鏈接7 7however, still, yet,however, still, yet,含意一樣相當于含意一樣相當于butanywaybutanyway. .如：如：The car was old, yet it was in excel

11、lent condition. The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. She has her weaknesses, yet(but) that doesnt mean she is not good for the job. She has her weaknesses, yet(but) that doesnt mean she is not good for the job. He lied to me, I still believe him.He lied to me, I still believe him.8) w

12、hile8) while表示的是相反的表示的是相反的, ,也可以用也可以用but, however, on the other handbut, however, on the other hand來替代來替代. . While some people have nothing to eat, others eat too much.While some people have nothing to eat, others eat too much.9) or9) or銜接句子或詞組銜接句子或詞組, ,表示表示 “ “或者之意?；蛘咧狻?Which do you prefer, yellow

13、, blue or red? Which do you prefer, yellow, blue or red? Was he angry, or was he pretending?Was he angry, or was he pretending?or, or, 也有也有“ “否那么的意思否那么的意思. . 如：如：Be quick, or you will be late.Be quick, or you will be late.10) either or/neither nor10) either or/neither nor和和not onlybut alsonot onlybu

14、t also并列主語時，謂語動詞同樣用就并列主語時，謂語動詞同樣用就近原那么近原那么. . Either Mary or her parents are going by bus. Either Mary or her parents are going by bus. There is neither electricity nor free suppers in the hotel.There is neither electricity nor free suppers in the hotel.Not only you but also I am from china.Not only

15、 you but also I am from china.1111soso表示因此表示因此, , 相當于相當于therefore.therefore.adv.adv. 如：如：They cost a lot of money, so use They cost a lot of money, so use them carefully. It is very cold. Therefore, we should stay here. them carefully. It is very cold. Therefore, we should stay here. 1212 then then

16、advadv然后，而后，其次然后，而后，其次 如：如：I dropped in at her house and then I I dropped in at her house and then I went home. went home. 1313forfor引導的句子不可以放在句首，之前必需由逗號，表示推論的理由引導的句子不可以放在句首，之前必需由逗號，表示推論的理由 They must be good friends, for they are always together.They must be good friends, for they are always togethe

17、r.The day breaks, for the birds are singing.The day breaks, for the birds are singing. 難點鏈接難點鏈接2.2.常用從屬連詞的用法常用從屬連詞的用法1 1thatthat引導名詞性從句引導名詞性從句( (主語主語/ /賓語賓語/ /表語從句表語從句), ),同位語從同位語從句，定語從句句，定語從句,如：如：That smoking can cause cancer is known to all.That smoking can cause cancer is known to all.I was surpr

18、ised to hear that he became the I was surprised to hear that he became the president.president.2 2 when, while, as when, while, as when when 在在-時辰或時期，可指時間點或時間段，從句動時辰或時期，可指時間點或時間段，從句動詞是終止或繼續(xù)動詞。詞是終止或繼續(xù)動詞。When I got home, he was having supper. When I When I got home, he was having supper. When I was yo

19、ung, I liked dancing. was young, I liked dancing. as as 表示表示“ “邊邊-邊邊-或或“ “與與-同時表示動作同時發(fā)生伴同時表示動作同時發(fā)生伴隨進展。動詞類似隨進展。動詞類似, ,如終止性動詞為從句，那么主句也如終止性動詞為從句，那么主句也為終止性動詞。為終止性動詞。 They talked as they walked. They talked as they walked. whilewhile表示只是時間段，不是時間點，從句的動詞只限表示只是時間段，不是時間點，從句的動詞只限于繼續(xù)動詞。于繼續(xù)動詞。 While I slept, a

20、 thief broke in. While I slept, a thief broke in.when when 可以表示主句和從句先后發(fā)生可以表示主句和從句先后發(fā)生. When he has . When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest. finished his work, he takes a short rest. when when 從句為終止動詞不能用從句為終止動詞不能用while while 交換交換WhenWhen。 he he came yesterday, we were playing basketbal

21、l.came yesterday, we were playing basketball.如從句動詞為終止性動詞，主句也是終止性動詞如從句動詞為終止性動詞，主句也是終止性動詞 when when 和和as as 可以互換。可以互換。He came just as I reached the door. He came just as I reached the door. 難點鏈接難點鏈接3 3 after/before after/before After her husband died she had to take everything on herself. After her hu

22、sband died she had to take everything on herself. Take the medicine before you go to bed.Take the medicine before you go to bed.4 4 since since引導的從句是一定句引導的從句是一定句, ,普通主句都是完成時普通主句都是完成時. . She has had another baby since we met. She has had another baby since we met. 5 5 till/until till/until 其中其中untilu

23、ntil較為常用較為常用, till, till是口語是口語. . Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. I wont go Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. I wont go until he comes.until he comes.6 6as soon as as soon as Ill tell him the news as soon as I see him. Ill tell him the news as soon as

24、I see him. 7 7 because/since/as because/since/as表示直接緣由的時候不能用表示直接緣由的時候不能用sincesince或或as.as.其他情況可以用其他情況可以用sincesince既然，既然，as as 由于語氣弱。由于語氣弱。It was because he was ill that he didnt go to school.It was because he was ill that he didnt go to school.8 8 so/such that so/such that 結果狀語從句結果狀語從句( (程度程度) )She

25、was so moved that tears came to her eyes.She was so moved that tears came to her eyes.They took such care of her that not long after she was restored to health.They took such care of her that not long after she was restored to health.難點鏈接難點鏈接9 9 if( if(假設假設, ,假設假設) )不能用不能用whether. If you call him a

26、fatty, he will get angry. whether. If you call him a fatty, he will get angry. 1010 unless=if not You can not interview him unless you get the unless=if not You can not interview him unless you get the permission.permission.1111though/althoughthough/although都作為雖然都作為雖然, ,雖然可以互換雖然可以互換,although,althoug

27、h用的更多一些用的更多一些. . 后面不可以有后面不可以有butbut但可以有但可以有yet/still.yet/still.Although he is much better, yet his father isnt satisfied.Although he is much better, yet his father isnt satisfied.1212asas/ thanasas/ than用于比較狀語從句中用于比較狀語從句中1414 as as可以引導狀語從句可以引導狀語從句As I remember, he used to work here ten years ago. As

28、 I remember, he used to work here ten years ago. As I see it, there is still much room for improvement in our work. As I see it, there is still much room for improvement in our work. 1313 whether/if( whether/if(能否能否) if ) if 能引導賓語語從句能引導賓語語從句Please tell me whether it is true or not.Please tell me whe

29、ther it is true or not.I havent decided whether/if Ill go with you.I havent decided whether/if Ill go with you.在介詞后在介詞后, ,名詞后名詞后, ,不定式前和有不定式前和有or notor not的句子中用的句子中用whether. whether. I am worried about whether she is happy. I am worried about whether she is happy. 1414 so/such that so/such that結果狀語從

30、句目的狀語從句結果狀語從句目的狀語從句, in order to/that, in order to/that目的目的狀語從句狀語從句 They set out early so that they might arrive in time. They set out early so that they might arrive in time. 目的狀語從句目的狀語從句 Say Say slowly so that I can understand it. It was raining, so that we could not go slowly so that I can unders

31、tand it. It was raining, so that we could not go out. out. 結果狀語從句緣由結果狀語從句緣由難點鏈接難點鏈接3.3.常用近義連詞的用法辨析常用近義連詞的用法辨析1 1 while, when, as while, when, as這三個連詞都可引導時間狀語從句，但用法有所不同。這三個連詞都可引導時間狀語從句，但用法有所不同。1) 1) 當某事正在進展的時候，又發(fā)生了另一件事。當某事正在進展的時候，又發(fā)生了另一件事。While, While, when, as when, as 都可用來引導表示都可用來引導表示“ “背景的時間狀語從句。背

32、景的時間狀語從句。例如：例如：As/When/While I was walking down the street I As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.noticed a police car.2) 2) 當兩個長動作同時進展的時候，最常用的是當兩個長動作同時進展的時候，最常用的是whilewhile。例如：例如：While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing

33、 my homework.homework.3) 3) 當兩個動作都表示開展變化的情況時，最常用的是當兩個動作都表示開展變化的情況時，最常用的是asas。例如：例如：As children get older, they become more and more As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around erested in things around them.4) 4) 當兩個短動作同時發(fā)生時，或表示當兩個短動作同時發(fā)生時，或表示“ “一邊一邊一邊一邊時，最常用時

34、，最常用asas。例如：。例如：Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.She looked behind from time to time as she went.She looked behind from time to time as she went.5) 5) 當從句的動作先于主句的動作時，通常用當從句的動作先于主句的動作時，通常用whenwhen。例。例如：如：When he finished his work, he took a s

35、hort rest.When he finished his work, he took a short rest.6) 6) 當從句是瞬間動作，主句是延續(xù)性動作時，通常用當從句是瞬間動作，主句是延續(xù)性動作時，通常用whenwhen。例如：。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.When John arrived I was cooking lunch.2 2as, because, since , foras, because, since , for這四個詞都可表緣由，但用法有區(qū)別。這四個詞都可表緣由，但用法有區(qū)別。1) 1) 假設緣由構成句子的

36、最主要部分，普通用假設緣由構成句子的最主要部分，普通用becausebecause。因此，。因此，becausebecause引導的從句往往放在句末。例如：引導的從句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed at home because it rained.I stayed at home because it rained.-Why aren-Why arent you going?t you going?-Because I don-Because I dont want to.t want to.2) 2) 假設緣由已被人們所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用假設緣由已被人們所知，或不如句

37、子的其它部分重要，就用asas或或sincesince。SinceSince比比asas略微正式一點。略微正式一點。AsAs和和since since 引導的從句普引導的從句普通放在句子的開頭。例如：通放在句子的開頭。例如：As he wasnAs he wasnt ready, we left without him.t ready, we left without him.Since I have no money, I canSince I have no money, I cant buy any food.t buy any food.3) for3) for用來補充闡明一種理由，因

38、此，用來補充闡明一種理由，因此，forfor引導的從句幾乎可以放引導的從句幾乎可以放在括號里。在括號里。ForFor引導的句子不放在句子的開頭。例如：引導的句子不放在句子的開頭。例如：I decided to stop and have lunchI decided to stop and have lunch，for I was feeling quite for I was feeling quite hungry.hungry.難點鏈接難點鏈接難點鏈接難點鏈接3 3if, whetherif, whetherif if和和whetherwhether都可作都可作“能否講，在引導賓與從句是

39、普通可互換。例如：能否講，在引導賓與從句是普通可互換。例如：I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.I donI dont know whether (if) he likes that film.t know whether (if) he likes that film.在以下情況下，只能用在以下情況下，只能用whether,whether,不能用不能用if if：1) 1) 在不定式前。例如：在不定式前。例如：I ha

40、venI havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.t made up my mind whether to go there or not.2 2用用oror并列兩項以上時。例如：并列兩項以上時。例如：I donI dont now whether he comes or not.t now whether he comes or not.4 4sothat, such.thatsothat, such.that1) sothat1) sothat中的中的soso是個副詞，其后只能跟描畫詞或副詞，而是個副詞，其后只能跟描畫詞或副詞，而

41、such.thatsuch.that中的中的suchsuch是個描畫詞，后接名詞或名詞短語。例如：是個描畫詞，后接名詞或名詞短語。例如：I Im so tired that I canm so tired that I cant walk any farther.t walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.2) 2) 假設在名詞之前有假設在名詞之前有many, much, little, fewmany, much, li

42、ttle, few時，用時，用so,so,不用不用suchsuch。例如：。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.難點鏈接難點鏈接5 5eitheror, neit

43、hernor, not onlybut alsoeitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also這三個連詞詞組都可銜接兩個并列成分。當它們銜接兩個并列主語時，這三個連詞詞組都可銜接兩個并列成分。當它們銜接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞要隨相鄰的主語變化。例如：謂語動詞要隨相鄰的主語變化。例如：Either you or he is wrong.Either you or he is wrong.Neither he nor his children like fish.Neither he nor his children like fish.Not only the t

44、eacher but also the students want to buy the book.Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.6 6although, butalthough, but這兩個連詞不能用在同一個句子中。例如：我們不能說這兩個連詞不能用在同一個句子中。例如：我們不能說“Although he is Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.over sixty, but he works as hard as

45、 others.這個句子應改為：這個句子應改為：Although Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或或He is over sixty, but he He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.works as hard as others.7 7because, sobecause, so這兩個連詞同樣不能用在同一個句子中。例如：我們不能說這兩個連詞同樣不能用在同一個句子中

46、。例如：我們不能說“Because John Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.was ill, so I took him to the doctor. 這個句子應改為這個句子應改為Because John was Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.ill, I took him to the doctor.或或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.John was ill, so I took him to the do

47、ctor.正誤辨析正誤辨析1.1.誤誤 Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. 正正 Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. 析析 在英語中在英語中both

48、both普通用于一定句中，如用于否認句中，其意義也不同于普通用于一定句中，如用于否認句中，其意義也不同于漢語，如：漢語，如：Both of us are not right. Both of us are not right. 在英語中應被了解為在英語中應被了解為 我們倆不都對。我們倆不都對。 而而Neither of us is rightNeither of us is right。 才干被了解為才干被了解為 我們倆無一正確我們倆無一正確 。2.2.誤誤 He or his parents has some tickets for the film. He or his parents h

49、as some tickets for the film. 正正 He or his parents have some tickets for the film. He or his parents have some tickets for the film. 析析 由由or or 銜接兩主語時，謂語動詞應與相臨近的那一個主語堅持一致。銜接兩主語時，謂語動詞應與相臨近的那一個主語堅持一致。3.3.誤誤 You should study hard, and you wont pass the exam. You should study hard, and you wont pass the

50、 exam. 正正 You should study hard, or you wont pass the exam. You should study hard, or you wont pass the exam. 析析 or or作為連詞，這里的意思為作為連詞，這里的意思為 否那么否那么 。又如：。又如：Hurry up, or youll Hurry up, or youll be late for school.be late for school.4.4.誤誤 Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. Though he

51、is poor, but he is ready to help others. 正正 Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. 正正 He is poor, but he is ready to help others. He is poor, but he is ready to help others. 析析 雖然雖然但是但是 是中文中的常用構造，但在英文中用了是中文中的常用構造，但在英文中用了 雖然雖然 那么不那么不要用要用 但是但是 ，用了

52、，用了 但是但是 那么不能再用那么不能再用 雖然雖然 ，二者只可用其一。，二者只可用其一。正誤辨析正誤辨析5.5.誤誤 Either you or I are on duty. Either you or I are on duty. 正正 Either you or I am on duty. Either you or I am on duty. 析析 eitheror eitheror 銜接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞與相臨近的一個主語相呼應，銜接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞與相臨近的一個主語相呼應，這也叫作就近原那么。類似的用法還有這也叫作就近原那么。類似的用法還有or, neither nor,

53、 not onlybut alsoor, neither nor, not onlybut also等。等。6.6.誤誤 Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. now. 正正Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school Tom is our English teacher and is teac

54、hing English in our school now. now. 析析 并列句中經(jīng)常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免反復，但不是一切詞并列句中經(jīng)常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免反復，但不是一切詞都可作恣意的省略的。當他銜接的是兩個系動詞時，后面的那個系動詞不可省都可作恣意的省略的。當他銜接的是兩個系動詞時，后面的那個系動詞不可省略，也就是講銜接的部分不可省略。略，也就是講銜接的部分不可省略。7.7.誤誤 My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. My father likes swimming and to collect stamp

55、s. 正正 My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. 析析 由并列連詞銜接的兩個部分要堅持相等的語法構造。如是動名詞那么由并列連詞銜接的兩個部分要堅持相等的語法構造。如是動名詞那么都用動名詞，如用不定式那么都運用不定式，這是初學者要留意的一點。都用動名詞，如用不定式那么都運用不定式，這是初學者要留意的一點。8.8.誤誤 My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. My fat

56、her is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. 正正 My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. 析析 兩個并列句中間不可用逗號銜接，要用并列連詞來銜接。兩個并列句中間不可用逗號銜接，要用并列連詞來銜接。正誤辨析正誤辨析9.9.誤誤 My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to

57、 drive. My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive. 正正 My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. 析析 賓語從句的銜接詞只能有一個不能反復運用。賓語從句的銜接詞只能有一個不能反復運用。10.10.誤誤 We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. We will go both to Beijing an

58、d Shanghai. 正正 We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. 析析 用用bothandbothand作銜接詞時，其相銜接的部分構造也要一樣。作銜接詞時，其相銜接的部分構造也要一樣。11.11.誤誤 Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. 正正 Not only Mary but also

59、 her brothers are going to dance. Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. 析析 由由not only but alsonot only but also銜接兩個主語時，其重點在其后面的那一個主銜接兩個主語時，其重點在其后面的那一個主語，所以謂語方式應采用就近原那么。語，所以謂語方式應采用就近原那么。12.12.誤誤 The teacher as well as his students are coming. The teacher as well as his students are

60、coming. 正正 The teacher as well as his students is coming. The teacher as well as his students is coming. 析析 由由as well as as well as 銜接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與銜接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與as well as as well as 后面的名詞無關，后面的名詞無關，而與前面的名詞相一致。而與前面的名詞相一致。13.13.誤誤 Tom does not swim nor play football. Tom does not swim nor play football.