初中定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)課件

1、初中定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)課件定語(yǔ)從句，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句跟在一名詞或代詞后（先行詞）進(jìn)行修飾限定，就叫做 定語(yǔ)從句。在主句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)成分。下面是小編為你帶來(lái)的初中定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)課件 ，歡迎閱讀。一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)通過(guò)本章復(fù)習(xí), 使學(xué)生明白定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成和用法。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別；關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的不同；介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；關(guān)系代詞who, that, which的用法區(qū)別。定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句及其一些句子結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。三、教學(xué)方法Teacher1什么是定語(yǔ)從句?2被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。連接先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞叫關(guān)系詞，其中 which, th

2、at, who, whom, whose 這些詞叫關(guān)系代詞，它們?cè)诰渲杏脕?lái)指人或事物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，whom 只能作賓語(yǔ)。作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。而 when, where, why 這些詞是關(guān)系副詞，他們?cè)诰渥又杏脕?lái)作狀語(yǔ)。（請(qǐng)同學(xué)們根據(jù)以上所述, 給出一些例句, 用來(lái)說(shuō)明。）3以上關(guān)系代詞在使用時(shí)也是有很多區(qū)別的。（請(qǐng)同學(xué)們看下面的句子, 然后說(shuō)出使用關(guān)系代詞 that 的原因。）AAll that is worth doing should be done well.BThe only thing that she could do was to ask the polic

3、e for help.CWe will never forget the first lesson that our English teacher gave us.DWhat is the smallest thing that can be seen under a microscope?EThe visitors spoke highly of the children and the performances that they saw.FWho is the person that let out the secret?4下面講一下只能用關(guān)系代詞 which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。A在非限

4、制性定語(yǔ)從句中, 指物時(shí)只能用 which 不能用 that。B在定語(yǔ)從句中, 介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句指物時(shí), 只能用 which 不能用 that。（請(qǐng)同學(xué)們給出上面兩種情況的例句。）5對(duì)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 如何選介詞這個(gè)問(wèn)題, 可歸納為下面幾點(diǎn)：A根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配。如：Do you know the man with whom you just shook hands?（句中的 with 來(lái)自習(xí)慣搭配 shake hands with）B由先行詞來(lái)決定。如： I'll never forget the day on which I joined t

5、he Party.C由句子表達(dá)的全部意義來(lái)確定。如：Water is very important for us without which we can't live.6有下面兩種情況：A先行詞 all, any 和 a few 指人時(shí), 如：Any who breaks the law will be punished.B先行詞是 this, that, those 或 these 且指人時(shí)。Those who hadn't bought the ticket for the train crowded in the waiting hall.7請(qǐng)看下面句子, 然后分析一下

6、：AThe engineer whose son is in America is very kind.BLook at the house whose roof is red.8請(qǐng)看下面句子, 然后分析一下：AI'll go to any place where people need me.BI still remember the day when I joined the army.CI don't know the reason why he was late.9那么, 表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間的名詞后面都被關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句所修飾嗎？10我們知道 as 也可作為關(guān)系代詞,

7、 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 包括非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 井且多與 such, the same as 并用。 （請(qǐng)同學(xué)們翻譯下列的句子。）A我們知道, 指南針最早是中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。B這支鋼筆和我昨天丟的那支很相似。C他們今年生產(chǎn)的鋼和去年一樣多。D我們應(yīng)該和這樣的熱心、勤奮的人交朋友。Students1在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句稱(chēng)為定語(yǔ)從句被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。連接先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞叫關(guān)系詞，其中 which, that, who, whom 這些詞叫關(guān)系代詞，它們?cè)诰渲杏脕?lái)指人或事物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，whom 只能作賓語(yǔ)。作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。2AHe

8、re is the pen that you lost yesterday. （that 用來(lái)指物, 在從句中作賓語(yǔ), 可以省略掉, that 也可用 which 代替。）BThe girl who told me the news is not here now. （who 用來(lái)指人, 在從句中作主語(yǔ), that 可以代替 who 用來(lái)指人。）CThe woman who / whom / that you saw in the park is our English teacher. （whom 只能用來(lái)指人, 只能作賓語(yǔ), 在從句中可以省略。）3剛才所說(shuō)的6個(gè)句子的'賓語(yǔ)從句,

9、關(guān)系代詞只能用 that 而不能用其他關(guān)系代詞, 下面逐個(gè)分類(lèi)分析：A先行詞是 all, much, little, none, the one 或由 no-, any-, every- 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞時(shí)。B先行詞被 all, every, some, little, much, the only, the very 等修飾時(shí)。C先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞限定時(shí)。D先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。E先行詞同時(shí)包含人和事物時(shí)。F當(dāng)主句是 who 或 which 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí), 為避免重復(fù), 習(xí)慣上多用 that。4AShe heard a terrible noise, which brough

10、t her heart into her mouth.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi), 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞不用that。BThe games in which the young men competed were difficult.介詞in也可以放在定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后, 關(guān)系代詞which或that可省略。5定語(yǔ)從句中, “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系詞前選什么樣的介詞對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)有時(shí)束手無(wú)策, 希望老師能夠歸納出幾點(diǎn)巧妙的判斷規(guī)律。6When shall we use the relative pronoun“who”and“whom”?7這兩句中的定語(yǔ)從句都是由 whose

11、 引導(dǎo)的, 在從句中 whose 只能作定語(yǔ)。A 句中 whose 修飾人。B 句中 whose 修飾物, 這個(gè)句子相當(dāng)于：Look at the house the roof of which is red. 或：Look at the house with a red roof.8這三個(gè)句子中, 所含的定語(yǔ)從句都是由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的。Awhere 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)表地點(diǎn)的名詞, where 本身作從句中謂語(yǔ)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ), 這時(shí), where 可由介詞 to + which 來(lái)替代。Bwhen 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的名詞, when 在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), when 可用介詞 onw

12、hich 來(lái)替代。Cwhy 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)表示原因的名詞, why 在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。why 可用介詞 for + which 來(lái)替代。從以上三個(gè)句子來(lái)看, 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 一般情況下, 都可用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”來(lái)替換關(guān)系副詞。9不一定。如果表地點(diǎn)或表時(shí)間的名詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ), 就不能用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 而應(yīng)由相應(yīng)的關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)。如：AMike is studying in a school that/which was built in 1928BThose days that / which we spent with Mary were wonderful.10AAs is known to all, the compass was first made in Ch