2018年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試

1、2018年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試 （浙江卷 ）英語選擇題部分第二部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分）第一節(jié) （共 10 小題;每小題 2.5 分，滿分 25分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在 答題紙上將該項涂黑。AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first nov

2、el to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered prin ti ng press was still in its early stages; the literac識字）rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like“By a lady. ”Novels, for th

3、e most part, were lookedupon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad矚慫潤厲釤瘞睞櫪廡賴。矚慫潤厲釤瘞睞櫪廡賴賃。In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose char

4、acters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pan the on 名人堂）of En glish literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.創(chuàng)溝燴鐺險愛氌譴凈。聞創(chuàng)溝燴鐺險愛氌譴凈 禍。How did Dickens get to the to

5、p? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a halfd-ozen of them. It 's partly true

6、that Dickens' styleof writ ing attracted audie nces殘騖樓諍錈瀨濟溆塹籟。殘騖樓諍錈瀨濟溆塹籟婭。from all walks of life. It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political andscientific progress. But it's also that he rewrote the culture of literature and puthimself at the center. No one will ever

7、know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth1 / 12approaches, it is possible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasti ng one.錒極額閉鎮(zhèn)檜豬訣錐。釅錒極額閉鎮(zhèn)檜豬訣錐顧。21. Which of the followi ng best d

8、escribes British n ovels in the 18th cen tury?彈 貿攝爾霽 斃攬磚鹵廡。彈貿攝爾霽斃攬磚鹵廡詒。A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress謀.蕎摶篋飆鐸懟類蔣薔。謀蕎摶篋飆

9、鐸懟類蔣薔點。A. his reputation in FranceB. his interest in modern artC. his success in publicationD. his importance in literature23. What is the author ' s purpose inherteng廈礴懇蹣駢時盡繼價騷。廈礴懇蹣駢時盡繼價騷 巹。A. To remember a great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To p

10、romote values of the Victorian age.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he ' s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more i

11、nteresting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopp ing bags煢楨廣鰳鯡選塊網羈淚。煢楨廣鰳鯡選塊網羈淚鍍。Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at ch

12、eckouts收令銀臺）.The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.婭盡損鶴慘歷蘢鴛賴。鵝婭盡損鶴慘歷蘢鴛賴縈?；[叢媽羥為贍債蟶練淨?；[叢媽羥為贍債蟶練

13、 淨櫧。The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found t

14、hat a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the pla net tha n plastic.頌圣鉉儐歲齦訝驊糴。預頌圣鉉儐歲齦訝驊糴買。En vir onmen talists don't dispute 質疑）these poin ts. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for year嗆. 儼勻諤鱉調硯錦。滲釤嗆儼勻諤鱉調硯錦鋇。24

15、. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help increase grocery sales.B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks.D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.25. What does the word“ headwinds ” in paragraph鐃誅臥瀉噦圣騁貺頂廡。鐃誅臥瀉噦圣騁貺頂廡縫。A. Bans on plastic bags.B. Effects of city development.C

16、. Headaches caused by garbage.D. Plastic bags hung in trees.26. What is a disadva ntage of reusable bags accord ing to plastic-bag make擁?鳳襪備 訊顎輪爛薔。擁締鳳襪備訊顎輪爛薔報。A. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are less strong than plastic bags.D. Producing them requires more ener

17、gy.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste ControlCAs cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century

18、 ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line（裝配線）on September 27, 1908. Only eleve n cars were produced the n ext month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them. 贓熱俁閫歲匱閶鄴鎵騷。 贓熱俁 閫歲匱閶鄴鎵騷鯛。Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it m