人教版英語(yǔ)八下Unit7單詞、知識(shí)梳理、詞匯句式精講

1、人教版英語(yǔ)八下Unit7單詞、知識(shí)梳理、詞匯句式精講Unit7 What's the highest mountain in the world?Unit 7單詞（音標(biāo)）square 平方；正方形meter 米；公尺deep深的；縱深的desert 沙漠population 人口； 人口數(shù)量Asia亞洲feel free（可以）隨便（做某事）tour 旅行；旅游tourist 旅行者；觀光者Wall 墻amazing令人大為驚奇的；令人驚喜（或驚嘆）的 ancient 古代的；古老的protect 保護(hù)；防護(hù)wide寬的；寬闊的as far as l know 就我所知achievem

2、ent 成就；成績(jī)southwestern 西南的；西南方向的thick厚的；濃的include 包括；包含freezing 極冷的；冰凍的condition 條件；狀況take in吸入；吞入（體內(nèi)）succeed 實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)；成功challenge 挑戰(zhàn)；考驗(yàn)in the face of 面對(duì)（問(wèn)題、困難等）achieve 達(dá)到；完成；成功force 力；力量nature 自然界；大自然even though 即使；雖然ocean 大海；海洋the Pacific Ocean 太平洋centimeter 厘米weigh 重量是； 稱(chēng)的重量birth 出生；誕生at birth 出生時(shí)up t

3、o到達(dá)（某數(shù)量、程度等）；至多有；不多于adult成年的；成人的；成人；成年動(dòng)物bamboo 竹子endangered 瀕危的research研究；調(diào)查（用作名詞時(shí)，重音可放在第一個(gè)音節(jié)）keeper飼養(yǎng)員；保管人 awake 醒著excitement 激動(dòng)；興奮walk into 走路時(shí)撞著fall over 絆倒illness疾?。徊emaining 遺留的；剩余的or so 大約artwork 圖片；插圖wild野生的government 政府； 內(nèi)閣whale 鯨oil油；食用油；石油protection 保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)huge巨大的；極多的Tenzing Norgay 丹增諾爾蓋Edm

4、und Hillary 埃德蒙希拉里Junko Tabei田部井淳子Qomolangma珠穆朗瑪峰the Nile 尼羅河the Caspian Sea 里海（世界最大的咸水湖）the Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠the Yangtze River 長(zhǎng)江the Yellow River 黃河the Ming Dynasty 明朝the Ming Great Wall 明長(zhǎng)城the Himalayas 喜馬拉雅山脈the Amazon River 亞馬遜河05:09.98Chengdu Research Base成者 B 研究基地Unit7 知識(shí)梳理【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. as big as 與一樣大2.

5、 one of the oldest countries最古老的國(guó)家之一3. feel free to do sth.隨意地做某事4. as far as I know據(jù)我所知5. man-made objects人造物體6. part of 的組成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脈8. in the world在世界上9. any other mountain其它任何一座山10. of all the salt lakes在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越12. freezing weather 冰凍的天氣13. take in air呼吸空氣14.

6、 the first people to do sth.第一個(gè)做某事的人15. in the face of difficulties 面臨危險(xiǎn)16. give up doing sth.放棄做某事17. achieve ones dream 實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想18. the forces of nature自然界的力量19. reach the top到達(dá)頂峰20. even though雖然盡管21. at birth 在出生的時(shí)候22. be awake 醒著23. run over with excitement興奮地跑過(guò)去24. walk into sb.撞到某人25. fall ove

7、r 摔倒26. take care of 照顧;照料27. every two years 每?jī)赡?8. cut down the forests砍伐林木29. endangered animals瀕危動(dòng)物30. fewer and fewer pandas大熊貓?jiān)絹?lái)越少拯救這些動(dòng)物的重要性31. be in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中32. the importance of saving these animals【重點(diǎn)句型】1.1 t is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.當(dāng)你接近山頂時(shí)，連呼吸都會(huì)困難。1.2

8、ne of the main reasons is because people want to challengethemselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一個(gè)主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時(shí)挑戰(zhàn)自己。3 .The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give uptrying to achieve our dreams.這些登山者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠(yuǎn)都不應(yīng)該放棄實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。4 . How high is Qomolangma?穆朗瑪峰有多高？5 . Although

9、 Japan is older than Canada , it is much smaller.雖然日本比力口拿大有更悠久的歷史，但是日本比加拿大小多了6 .Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos ofbamboo.成年大熊貓一天要花1 2個(gè)多小時(shí)的時(shí)間吃大約十千克竹子?！驹掝}寫(xiě)作】做為一個(gè)中國(guó)人，你對(duì)我們的中國(guó)了解多少呢？請(qǐng)給你在美國(guó)的筆友Dave寫(xiě)封信，向他介紹你的祖國(guó)。80詞左右，恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。中國(guó)是亞洲最大的國(guó)家。和美國(guó)差不多大。中國(guó)有世界上最多的人口。人們友好勤勞。長(zhǎng)江

10、是世界最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。中國(guó)有超過(guò)5000的悠久歷史。比美國(guó)的歷史長(zhǎng) 多了。中國(guó)有世界最高山峰。詞?匚：as- as, population , the Yangtze River ,the third longest ,muchlonger, Qomolangma【優(yōu)秀滿分范文】Dear Dave,I' m happy to be your pen pal. I ' d like to tell you something about China.China is the biggest country in Asia. It ' s almost as big as

11、the USA. China has the biggest population in the world. The people here are friendly and hard-working. The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.China is over 5000 years old. It has a much longer history than the US.The Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.I love China v

12、ery much. Welcome to China and play with me.Yours,Li LeiUnit7 詞匯講解1. populationpopulation 意為“人口”時(shí)，是一個(gè)集體名詞，被看作一個(gè)整體，在句中做主 語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：The population ofChinais large.中國(guó)人口眾多。(1)當(dāng)表示一個(gè)城市、地區(qū)或國(guó)家有多少人口時(shí)，常用以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，即“ thepopulation of + 某地 + is + 數(shù)詞”或“某地 + has a population of + 數(shù)詞”。例如：The population of Lo

13、ndon is over ten million.=London has a population of over ten million.倫敦的人口超過(guò)一千萬(wàn)。(2) population 可與large , small搭配，但不能與 many , few 搭配。例如：The city with its large population has become crowded.這個(gè)人口眾多的城市變得擁擠不堪了。(3)詢問(wèn)人口數(shù)量常用 what或how large 。例如：What ' s the population of the city?=How large is the popu

14、lation of the city?這個(gè)城市有多少人口 ？population前有修飾詞，如分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，表示整體人口中的一部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：One half of the population of the city are farmers.這個(gè)城市的一半人口是農(nóng)民02. protect protect作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“保護(hù)”。常用搭配protect sb./sth. from/against意為“保護(hù)某人/某物免受傷害”。例如：We should protect rare animals.我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)珍稀動(dòng)物。Parents protect their young fro

15、m danger.父母保護(hù)他們的兒女不受傷害。3. includeinclude作動(dòng)詞，意為“包括；包含”。例如：The price for the hotel includes breakfast.旅店的費(fèi)用包括早餐在內(nèi)。The parcel included a dictionary.那包裹里有一本字典。【拓展】including除了是include的現(xiàn)在分詞/動(dòng)名詞之外，在日常運(yùn)用中一般被當(dāng)作介詞使用，和其后的名詞/代詞一起形成介賓短語(yǔ)，意思是“包括在內(nèi)”。例如:There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit,

16、coffee and ham.有很多種月餅，包括水果的，咖啡的和火腿月餅。There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.班里有40名學(xué)生，包括我在內(nèi)。同樣，included 也有介詞用法，且：including + 賓語(yǔ)=賓語(yǔ)+ included 。所以上個(gè)例句亦可寫(xiě)成：There are 40 students in the classroom, meincluded.4. succeedsucceed作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“成功”；表示做某事做成功了，succeed后通常接in doing sth 。例如：His plan succe

17、eded. 他的計(jì)劃成功了。At last he succeeded in solving the problem.他終于把那個(gè)問(wèn)題解決了。She succeeded in passing the exam.她考試及格了【拓展】(1)success表示抽象意義的“成功”，作不可數(shù)名詞；表示具體意義的“成功的人或事”，則是可數(shù)名詞。例如：Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。His new book was a great success.他新出版的書(shū)獲得了巨大成功。(2)successful作形容詞，意為“成功的”。例如：The performanc

18、e was successful.演出很成功。It was a successful experiment.那是一次成功的試驗(yàn)。5. achieveachieve作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)”。例如：You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.你若總是這樣消磨時(shí)間，就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有所成就。Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.要讓每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。No one can achieve anything without eff

19、ort.誰(shuí)也不可能不努力而有所作為。(2)achieve作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“達(dá)到；贏得”。例如：The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen.那位演員十九歲時(shí)就成名了。She achieved no success.她沒(méi)有獲得成功。【拓展】achievement作名詞，意為“成就；成績(jī)”。例如：The invention of the computer is a great achievement.發(fā)明電腦是一大成就。6. forceforce作名詞，意為“力；力量；武力”。例如：The force of the explosion brok

20、e all the windows in the building.爆炸的力量震碎了這座建筑上的所有窗戶。The law should remain in force.法律應(yīng)當(dāng)有效力。We ' ll settle the problem by force if necessary.如果有必要的話，我們會(huì)用武力解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(2)force作動(dòng)詞，意為“強(qiáng)迫”。force sb. to do sth.意為“強(qiáng)迫某人做某事”例如：I can ' t force him to stay.我不能強(qiáng)迫他暫時(shí)留下來(lái)。7. weighweigh表示”稱(chēng)的重量”，是及物動(dòng)詞；表示“重(多少)”

21、，是不及物動(dòng)詞He weighed the fish.他稱(chēng)了這條魚(yú)。Do you often weigh yourself?你經(jīng)常稱(chēng)體重嗎？He weighs 60 kilos.他體重60公斤The meat weighs five pounds. 這肉重五磅?！就卣埂縲eight是名詞，意為“重量，體重”。例如：What ' s your weight?你體重是多少？比較：by weight 和 in weightby weight表示“按重量”，in weight表示“重量上”。例如：Do they charge carriage by weight?他們是按重量收取運(yùn)費(fèi)嗎？It&

22、#39; s smaller in size but greater in weight.它體積比較小，但分量比較重。8. take intake in意為“吸入；吞入（體內(nèi)）”。例如：On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.周末，史密斯一家常驅(qū)車(chē)到農(nóng)村去呼吸那里的新鮮空氣【拓展】(1)take in意為“領(lǐng)會(huì)；理解”。例如：Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meanin

23、g of the words.動(dòng)手翻譯句子之前，首先要理解單詞的含義。(2)take in意為“欺騙；蒙蔽”。例如：Law will protect the girl taken in and sold by the abductor.法律將保護(hù)那位被人販子欺騙和拐賣(mài)的姑娘。(3) take in意為“接收；收留”。例如：The poor man had nowhere to live in, so we took him in.那個(gè)可憐的人沒(méi)有地方住，所以我們讓他住在我家。練一練：I.英漢短語(yǔ)互譯。1 .出生時(shí)2 .跌倒3 .和某人一起玩4 .砍伐5 .吸入；吞入（體內(nèi)）6 . in the

24、 future7 . talk about8 . walk into9 . as far as I know10 . give up11 .根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示完成單詞。1. . Every year thousands of t come to visit my hometown2. The Great Wall is an a man-made object .3. Many animals are in danger . We should do something to p them .4. Work hard and you can a your dream.5. It' s

25、 midnight , but I am not asleep , I am still a.6. Pandas feed on（竹子）.7. 日本)is to the east of China .8. His M)was more serious than the doctor first thought9. The 齦行)took in six European capitals10. . Are there any(野生的)animals in the forest?III.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. . I want to know the(weigh) of the veg

26、etables .2. My sister couldn ' t get to sleep . She was still(wake).3. The boys were running in(excite) .4. He died after a long(ill)5. She(fall) over and broke her leg .【參考答案】I.英漢短語(yǔ)互譯。1 . at birth 2 . fall over 3 . play with sb .4. cut down 5 . take in6.在將來(lái)7.談?wù)?.撞到；走進(jìn)9.據(jù)我所知10.放棄II.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示完成單

27、詞。1 . tourists 2 . ancient 3 . protect4. achieve 5 . awake 6 . bamboo7. Japan 8 . illness 9 . tour 10 . wildIII.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1 . weight 2 . awake 3 . excitement4. illness 5 . fellUnit7 重點(diǎn)句型解析1. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.as far as I know 是一個(gè)固定表達(dá)方式，還可以說(shuō) so far as

28、 I know ,意為“據(jù)我所知”。例如：As far as I know, Wang Tao has two brothers.據(jù)我所知，王濤有倆弟弟。They ' re not coming this Sunday, so far as I know.他們這周日不來(lái)了一一就我所知是這樣的。2. This spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.give up 是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為 “放棄； 停止； 戒除" 。 give up doin

29、g something 意為“放棄做某事；半途而廢”。例如：She doesn ' t give up easily.她不會(huì)輕易放棄。The doctors had given her up but she made a remarkable recovery.醫(yī)生們已放棄了治愈她的希望，而她卻恢復(fù)得很好。You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year.你應(yīng)該戒煙，我去年就戒掉了?！就卣埂縢ive的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：give away 贈(zèng)送，分發(fā)；give off放出，釋放;give in 屈服,讓步;give out分發(fā)，用完；giv

30、e back 歸還3. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the remaining forests.本旬中l(wèi)iving in the remaining forests為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，修飾名詞 pandas。分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)置于被修飾名詞之后。例如：The man standing by the window is our teacher.站在窗邊的那個(gè)人是我們老師。（standing by the window 就是一短語(yǔ)，也就是說(shuō)不是一個(gè)單詞，在此作定語(yǔ) 表主動(dòng)）Suddenly there

31、appeared a young woman dressed in green.突然出現(xiàn)一個(gè)穿綠色衣服的女青年。（過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)或完成）區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí) （或基本同時(shí)）發(fā)生,表示主動(dòng)意義；及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表完成或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)只表完成不表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。例如：They lived in the house facing the south.他們住在朝南的房子里。（現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示主動(dòng)意義）The meeting held yesterday is important.昨大開(kāi)的會(huì)議很重要。（及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)或完成

32、）（2）分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的名詞。例如：The man reading a novel at the desk is my father.（現(xiàn)在分詞表 ”主動(dòng)、正在”）=The man who is reading a novel at the desk is my father.在桌邊讀小說(shuō)的人是我父親。Is there anything planned for tonight?（過(guò)去分詞表 “被動(dòng)、已經(jīng)"）=Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?今晚有什么活動(dòng)嗎?4. Pandas do n

33、ot have many babies, maybe one every two years.every+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞=every+ 序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞，作“每（多少）”解例如：every three days每三天或每隔兩天相當(dāng)于 every third dayWe hand in our homework every three days.我們每隔兩天（每三天）交一次作業(yè)。【拓展】（1） “every other+單數(shù)名詞”意為“每隔一”。例如：every other day 每隔天 every other tree每隔棵樹(shù)”。例如:（2） “every few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”意為“每隔幾

34、every few days 每隔幾天5. One of the world ' s most dangerous sports is mountain climbingone of +the + 形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞，意為“最之一”，當(dāng)其作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:His brother is one of the tallest boys in the class.他弟弟是這個(gè)班最高的男生之一。The song is one of the most popular songs.這首歌是最流行的歌之一。One of us has nothing for breakfa

35、st.我們中有一個(gè)人沒(méi)吃早飯。1. . the , what ' s, cheapest , in, the , car, store?2. Mary , her, a, is, lot , serious , more , than , sister3. David , as, is, as, me , clever4. the , animals , has, more , zoo , than , that , one5. the , theater , best , what' s, movieII.句型轉(zhuǎn)換，按要求完成下列句子。1. . Basketball is m

36、ore popular than football in the USA .（改為同義句）Football is popular as basketball in the USA2. I' m tall . My best friend is also tall .（合并為一句）My best friend and I.3. Tom is tall . Jim is short .（合并為一句）Tom is Jim4. Tom and Jack don ' t look the same .（改為同義句）Tom looks Jack.5. The population of t

37、his city is about 6 million。就劃線部分提問(wèn)）is the population of this city?III.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，完成句子。1 .這所學(xué)校招收外國(guó)學(xué)生。The school foreign students .2 .你的房間和我的一樣大。Your room is mine .3 .世界上最高的人是誰(shuí)？Who is in the world?4,他是中國(guó)最有名的作家之一。He isin China5 .我的蘋(píng)果比你的大得多。My apple is than yours .6 .那些幼崽經(jīng)常死于疾病，不會(huì)活太長(zhǎng)時(shí)間The babies often and

38、do not live very long7 .科學(xué)家說(shuō)現(xiàn)在有不到2, 000只熊貓居住在剩下的森林里。Scientists say there are now than 2, 000 pandas in theremaining forests .IV.語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練：用方框中所給短語(yǔ)完成句子。the funniest performer , the loudest , the most talented , the best singer , the dullest1. . Wang Lin won the prize for . She sang a cute pop song .2. Zho

39、u Jian told us a very funny story , so he was.3. The boys ' musical group sang so loud that they were of all4. The prize for actress went to Liu Meili , for she played best in theopera .5. Li Ming with his pet parrot showed us a short play . But he couldn ' t make the bird talk as people did