一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)用法講解

1、一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的定義一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示在現(xiàn)在看來(lái)即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).常用時(shí)間副詞tomorrow, soon或短語(yǔ)next year /week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime做狀語(yǔ).如：What will you do this afternoon ? 你今天下午干什么?We will have a meeting tomorrow.我們明天要開(kāi)會(huì).He is going to study abroad (至1J國(guó)外)next year.明年他要出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí).2. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)及應(yīng)用(1) shall /

2、will +動(dòng)詞原形.表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).特別是表示客觀(guān)性的事情或在某條件下要發(fā) 生的事情,只能用此結(jié)構(gòu).如：What shall we do if he doesn'如最他e?來(lái),我們?cè)撛趺崔k？W川you be free this evening? 今天晚上有空嗎？I think he will tell us the truth(真相).我想他會(huì)告訴我們真實(shí)情況的.be going to +動(dòng)詞原形.表示已經(jīng)方案或安排好了的事情,也可表示有跡象說(shuō)明肯定要發(fā)生的事情.如：We are going to have a meeting to discuss(討論)the ma

3、tter this evening. 今天晚上開(kāi)會(huì)討論這件事情.Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon.看看那邊的烏云, 我想天要下雨了.There is going to be an English evening this week.本周要舉行一個(gè)英語(yǔ)晚會(huì).(3) be +現(xiàn)在分詞.表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).這個(gè)句型中動(dòng)詞主要是瞬間動(dòng)詞：come, go, leave,arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow,

4、 buy 等.如：Go ahead, and I ' m com®前面一點(diǎn)吧,我就來(lái).The dog is dying.那條狗要死了.Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快點(diǎn),商店就要關(guān)門(mén)了.(4) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).表示一種嚴(yán)格根據(jù)方案進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.比方說(shuō),上課、飛機(jī)起飛、火車(chē)離站等.如：Don' t hurry. The meeting starts at a quarter past eight.不要匆忙,回憶八點(diǎn)過(guò)一亥U開(kāi)始.The bus goes back at four thirty. 汽車(chē)四點(diǎn)返回.穩(wěn)固練習(xí)：一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填

5、空1. Li Lei tells me he(visit)the Great Wall(長(zhǎng)城)this weekend.2. My mother(buy)me a pair of new trousers tomorrow.3. She says she(leave)soon.4. We(go) skating if it doesn' t rain next Sunday.5. There(be)an English evening next week.6. Think over, and you(get)a good idea.7. Jim(have)a picnic next M

6、onday?-No, he.8. I(miss)you after you leave here.9. Who(teach)you English next year10. He(be) back in three hours.11. Look at these clouds. It(rain).二、改錯(cuò)：每處劃線(xiàn)中有錯(cuò)誤,在題后改正1. He will sing and dances for us tomorrow.2. Are you going to swim?Yes, I will.3. He will help Jim with his English every day.4. Wi

7、ll her sister sings a song for me tomorrow?5. They willn ;plant trees next week.6. Are they going to plays basketball tomorrow?7. Will we go to visit the factory tomorrow?8. Paul will be going to make dumplings for Emma.9. Are the boys going to the Great Wall next month?Yes, they wi山三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Jim is go

8、ing to play football tomorrow. Mary will clean the windows next week.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 兩答復(fù)： 特殊疑問(wèn)句： 四、選擇題()1. Are you going to our English team?Yes, I am.A. take part inB. joinC. took part inD. joined()2. Xu Xia and her teammates are the USA next week.A. leaving forB. leave forC. leaveD. left()3. There an

9、English party in our class next week.A. is going to have B. is going to beC. will haveD. Have()4. If it tomorrow, we will go to the park.A. isn ' t rain B. don ' t rainC. doesn ' t rain D. won ' t rain()5. There a football match next week. Shall we go and watch it?“Would you mind doi

10、ng 句型透視mind用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),習(xí)慣后接動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ),而不接動(dòng)詞不定式,常用于Would you mind doing句型中,具體用法是：1 . "Would you mind doing ?句型常用于表示請(qǐng)求,意思是 請(qǐng)你做你是否介意？、請(qǐng)你做 好嗎？,是一種比擬客氣的表達(dá)方式.如：Would you mind turning off the light in the room ?請(qǐng)你把房間里的燈關(guān)掉好嗎？如果要表示 請(qǐng)你不要做 你是否介意？、請(qǐng)你不要做好嗎？ ,只需要在doing前面加上not.如：Would you mind not standing in front o

11、f me ?請(qǐng)你不要站在我的前面好嗎？2 .如果同意,表示不介意時(shí),可用如下用語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)：Certainly/Of course not./Not at all./No , not at all； 如果不同意,表示介意時(shí),常用 "Sorry/I 'm sorry. 不起及陳述某種理由來(lái)表示拒絕或反對(duì).如：Would you mind going to the movies this evening ?今晚去看電影好嗎？I ' m sorry. But I haven ' t finished my homework yet.對(duì)不起,我的作業(yè)還沒(méi)有完成.學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)還要

12、注意：1. "Would you mind doing ?句型中的 would也可用do代替,但語(yǔ)氣較生硬,不如用 would客氣.2. "Would you mind doing？"句型中的邏輯主語(yǔ)只能是談話(huà)的對(duì)方y(tǒng)ou.如果想要對(duì)方允許自己做某事,可用"Would you mind my doing ?句型,如：Would you mind my smoking here ?你介意我在這里吸煙嗎？穩(wěn)固練習(xí)：一、用下面提供的短語(yǔ)完成句子.1. help me wash my clothesWould you mind ?2. give her a cu

13、p of teaWould you mind ?3. help him mend his carDo you have ?4. walk on the roadWould you mind on the road ?二、選擇題1. Would you mind us in the game?Not at all.A. joiningB. joinC. join inD. joining in()2. Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday?I ' d love to. But I play table tennis a

14、gainst Class Three.A. am goingB. am going toC. amD. going to()3. Would you mind here?I ' m sorry about that. I 'll go somewhere else.A. no smoking B. not smokingC. no smokeD. not smokehad better用法詳解1. had better的根本用法特點(diǎn)其意為 最好"、應(yīng)該,后接動(dòng)詞原形,與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用法相似,其中的had通?？s略為d：You' d better get

15、some sleep 你最好去睡一會(huì)兒.We had better go before it rains.我們最好在下雨前就去.2. had better如何構(gòu)成否認(rèn)式和疑問(wèn)式構(gòu)成否認(rèn)式時(shí),通常將not置于had better之后(而不是had之后)；而構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式時(shí),那么通常將had(而 不是had better)置于主語(yǔ)之前：I ' d better ndtsturb him .我最好別去打攪他.What had we better do?我們最好怎么辦 ？練習(xí)題3. )1. I ' m afraid you have a cold. You' d better go

16、 to see a doctor.A. No, I have no time.B. That ' s a good idea.C. It ' s very kind of you.D. I'm sorry to hear that.()2. I'm fat. What should I do?You' d better eat meat and fruits.A. less; more B. less; lessC. more; lessD. more; more()3. You had better ask your brother playing c

17、omputer games. It' s bad for him.A. to give upB. not to give upC. to give it up D. not give it up()4. I have a stomachache. What should I do?You drink sweet water and eat sweet food.A. had better not; shouldn' t B. should; had betterC. had better; had betterD. shouldn ' t; should()5. I h

18、ave a toothache.You should.C. see a dentistA. drink lots of water B. take a restD. have a good sleep情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的根本用法歸納情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有 can could, may might, must, have to, shall should, will would, need needed, ought to 等.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨(dú)使用,必須與其后的動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ).一、 can, could1 .表示水平體力、知識(shí)、技能.Can you lift this heavy box?體力Ma

19、ry can speak three languages.知識(shí)Can you skate?技能2 .表示請(qǐng)求和允許.Can I go now?Yes, you can. / No, you can ' t.此時(shí)可與 may互換.在疑問(wèn)句中還可用could,might代替,不是過(guò)去式,只是語(yǔ)氣更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答語(yǔ)中.Could I come to see you tomorrow?Yes, you can. No, I ' m afraid not.3 .表示客觀(guān)可能性客觀(guān)原因形成的水平.They' ve changed the timetable, so we

20、can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4 .表示推測(cè)驚訝、疑心、不相信的態(tài)度,用于疑問(wèn)句、否認(rèn)句和感慨句中.Can this be true?This can ' t be done by him.How can this be true?二、 may, might1 .表示請(qǐng)求和允許.might比may語(yǔ)氣更委婉,而不是過(guò)去式.否認(rèn)答復(fù)時(shí)可用can'或mustn' ,t表示不可以,禁止Might/ May I smoke in this room?No, you mustn '

21、 t.- May/Might I take this book out of the room? Yes, you can. No, you can ' t / mustn ' t.用May I. ?征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比擬正式和客氣,而用 Can I. ?在口語(yǔ)中更常見(jiàn).2 .用于祈使句,表示祝愿.May you succeed!3 .表示推測(cè)、可能性不用于疑問(wèn)句.may小might不是過(guò)去式,它所表示的可能性比1. He may /might be very busy now.2. Your mother may /might not know the truth.三、 must

22、, have to1.表不'必須、必要.You must come in time.在答復(fù)引出的問(wèn)句時(shí),如果是否認(rèn)的,不能用 mustn' f禁止,不準(zhǔn)),而用needn' t, don ' t have而必) Must we hand in our exercise books today?Yes, you must.No, you don ' t have to / you needn ' t.2. must是說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀(guān)看法,而have to那么強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀(guān)需要.must只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),have to有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式.1) he play is

23、n ' t interesting, I really must go now.2) I had to work when I was your age.3.表示推測(cè)、可能性(只用于肯定的陳述句)1) You' re Tom' s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.2) Your mother must be waiting for you now.四、need1 .need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí),常用于疑問(wèn)句、否認(rèn)句.在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替.1) You

24、 needn' t come so early.2) - Need I finish the work today?Yes, you must. / No, you needn ' t.2. need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí),有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化.而 need后面只能接帶to的不定式.He needs to finish his homework today.五、shall, should1.shall用于第一人稱(chēng),征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn).What shall we do this evening?2.shall用于第二、三人稱(chēng),表示說(shuō)話(huà)人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅.1) .You sha

25、ll fail if you don ' t work hOdO2) He shall have the book when I finish it.( 允諾)3) He shall be punished.(威脅)六、will, would1.表示請(qǐng)求、建議等,would更委婉.W川 / Would you pass me the ball, please?2.1. 示意志、愿望和決心1 ) . I will never do that again.2 .)They asked him if he would go abroad.3. would表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向.wo

26、uld表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣時(shí)比used to正式,且沒(méi)有現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣的含義.1) . During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.2) . The wound would not heal.七、should1.should表示應(yīng)該“1) . I should help her because she is in trouble.2.表示推測(cè)should ,(客觀(guān)推測(cè)),must(主觀(guān)推測(cè)).1) .He must be home by now.(斷定他已到家)2) He ought to/should be home by now.(

27、不太肯定)3) This is where the oil must be.(直爽)4) This is where the oil ought to/should be.( 含蓄) 練習(xí)題()1. May I ask you some questions, Dr. Wang?一A. You ' re welcomeB. Sure, go ahead.C. No, I ' m busy.D. Yes, you must.()2. Must I take part in the activity?No, you. You ' re too young. You shoul

28、d look after yourself.A. mustn ' t B. don ' tC. can ' tD. don ' t have to()3. May I watch TV, Mom?I ' m afraid you.A. should not B. can ' tC. must notD. may not()4. Must we keep the window all the time?No, you don ' t have to.A. openingB. openedC. to openD. open()5. Must

29、I take the medicine every day?No, you.A. mustB. mustn ' tC. needn ' tD. can ' t()6. My mother is ill. I stay at home to take care of her.A. canB. mayC. have toD. maybe()7. May I use your dictionary, Lily?Sure,.A. go ahead B. you can ask Bill C. you can ' t D. that ' s all right反身

30、代詞用法歸納一、反身代詞的根本形式反身代詞是 oneself根據(jù)所指詞的人稱(chēng)、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)等的變化可以有myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself,ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式.二、 oneself 與 himself當(dāng)one指人時(shí),其相應(yīng)的反身代詞通常用oneself,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中也可用himself ：One should not praise oneself himself.一個(gè)人不應(yīng)該 自吹 自擂.三、反身代詞的句法功能：1 .用作同位語(yǔ)增強(qiáng)被修飾詞的語(yǔ)氣,緊放在被修飾名詞后,或句末：The box

31、 itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重.Martin himself attended the sick man. 馬丁親自照顧病人.2 .用作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)：Take good care of yourself. 照顧好自己.She could not make herself understood.她不能使別人聽(tīng)懂她的話(huà).The child cried himself to sleep.孩子哭著哭著睡著了.3 .用作表語(yǔ)The poor boy was myself.那個(gè)可憐的孩子就是我自己.The ones who really want it are o

32、urselves.真正想要它的是我們自己.代詞列表人稱(chēng)代詞主格人稱(chēng)代詞賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞Imemyminemyselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyourselvessheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves主格做主語(yǔ)賓格做賓語(yǔ)放在名詞前替代形代+名詞by后接放在動(dòng)詞介詞后不可單獨(dú)用不可與名詞連用反身代詞()1. He plays basketball so well! Who taught

33、?A. him; himteamB. himself; himselfC. him; himselfD. himself; himmatchfootball要求四會(huì)的單詞名詞體育運(yùn)動(dòng)tennisbaseballskatingrowingcyclingbasketballsoccer人物或稱(chēng)謂類(lèi)personplayermusicianscientistpilotpolicemanpolicewomanpostmanfishermanherograndfathergrandmothergrandparents物品類(lèi)basketcuppapergoldrecordring處所類(lèi)grasstheatr

34、e/theatermuseumfactory身體健康類(lèi)bodyhealthtoothacheheadachefevercoughstomachache川nessmedicineheart食品飲料類(lèi)coffeeteacandyfruitsugartomato+espotato+essaltwatermelonsandwichstrawberrybeefbiscuitmeal時(shí)間類(lèi)agecenturyweekend文化信息類(lèi)informationwebsiteInternetdictionaryknowledgemessagepassageculture其他showerfactcareadvice

35、(a piece of advice)newspityarticlesmokeriskquestionhabitworldHe learnt it bywarintroductionnotesmilepeacebrushsouthmiddletaxianswerlittervoice scorelinephoneexampleskillpointchancesuggestionmindsidedreamfuturefriendshipjumppart形容詞或副詞weak<> strongleast<> mostpopular <> unpopularheal

36、thy =fit< > 川fat < > thindirty < > cleanuseful < > uselessdark < > brighthungry < > fulldead < > alivecheap < > expensive=deartrue < > falsecorrect <->wrongpossible <> impossiblequitetired/tiringcertainlybadlyreallyfinallyevenexcited/

37、excitingfamousmadangrymainsuccessfulenoughterribleseriousstillfunnyactive動(dòng)詞：wincheerrowjoinskatecycledreamgrowspendjumprelaxleavekickpassthrowfightenjoy/practice/ finish/ mind +doing sth.advisekillinventbecomefollowholdscoremodernnecessarypointhithearringstandfeelsuggestliftboilbrushliecrycarecheckw

38、orrycausesmoketasteforceriskbuildhappen介詞againstthroughwithoutoffexceptbreakrecord詞組薈萃名詞詞組table tennisthe day after tomorrowday and nightice creampotato chips first aidrelay race動(dòng)詞詞組cheer.ongrow upbe good forbe good at=do well in?-> do badly intake part inkeep fitleave for fall illgive sb. a hand

39、shout at sb.do one ' s best=try ones bestbe angry withtalk aboutcome into beingstand forhave a coldlie downgo aheadworry aboutbuild sb. uptake care of介詞詞組及其他for exampleat leastin factas.as possible in the futureon the other handinstead ofall overat first課本中出現(xiàn)的詞組或搭配歸納be able tobe surebe intereste

40、d insee sb. do/doing sthjoin the school rowing teamjoin sbspend . doing sththe high jumpthe long jump turn . into.make sb./sth. +adj.all over the worldhelp sb. do sthplay againsthave funtake/have a bathgo upnothing serious do morning/eye exercisesgo outshow sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.重句大本營(yíng)take one &#

41、39; s advicehave/take a restthe most popular sports hundreds of years make friends with sb. look/ get well/better take medicine feel like doing sth.fall downhave a good rest give upstop sb from doing sth.the boys ' 80©ter racewin the first placesuch as/for examplelots of = a lot ofnext time

42、stay uptell/ask sb to do sth.too much1. What are you going to do? I m going to play basketball.2. Would you like to come and cheer us on? Sure, I ' d love to.3. Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing? I prefer rowing.4. Are you going to join the school rowing team? Yes, I am./ No, I '

43、 m not.5. What' s your favorite sport,? Basketball, of course.6. IWho s your favorite player? LeBron James.7. What are you going to be when you grow up?一I ' m going to bescientist.8. Why do you like playing soccer? Because it makes him strongand it ' s popular all over the world.9. , cou

44、ld you help me(=give me a hand), please? Sure.10. W川 you join us?I ' d be glad to.11. Would you mind teaching me? Not at all. You can do it!12. Would you mind not putting your bike here? Sorry. I ,ll psomewhere else.13. , I am sorry for what I said.上語(yǔ)從句) It ' s nothing.14. Will you take part

45、 in the school sports meet? Of course I will.15. Which sport will you take part in?The boys' 80meter race.16. Hello, is in ? Speaking.17. What shall we take?We ll take our sports clothes and sports shoes.18. Shall I take my camera?- Good idea! It ' ll be fun19. When shall we meet?Let ' nsake it half past six.20. Where shall we meet?At my house.21. Hello,! You don ' t look well. What ' s wrong=Wlinay01s the matter with you?=What is the m