初二鞏固與預(yù)習(xí)第6講

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。初二下鞏固與預(yù)習(xí)第6講（教師用）主要內(nèi)容：1.時(shí)間狀語從句，條件狀語從句，和原因狀語從句 2.復(fù)習(xí)Unit6難點(diǎn)：時(shí)間狀語從句，條件狀語從句，和原因狀語從句一時(shí)間狀語從句，條件狀語從句，和原因狀語從句狀語從句的概念用一個(gè)句子（從句）來作另一個(gè)句子（主句）的狀語，用作狀語的句子就叫作狀語從句。作什么樣的狀語就叫什么類型的狀語從句。例如：條件狀語從句就是用一個(gè)句子來作條件狀語。凡是從句都必須有引導(dǎo)詞。1.時(shí)間狀語從句。時(shí)間狀語從句的連接詞  1）. when, while, as  三者均可表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞表

2、示的是短暫的動(dòng)作，而從句表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，三者可通用。但是（1）when和as都可與終止性動(dòng)詞連用，而while只能與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。（2）as強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可表示一個(gè)人的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作交替或同時(shí)進(jìn)行，意為“一邊，一邊”。  考題回放：Linda was just going out shopping _ the telephone rang. (2004聊城)   A. while    B. when   C. after    D. because

3、0; 2） after, before, as soon as  after表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后；before表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前；as soon as表示主句的動(dòng)作是緊接在從句動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生的，表示“一就”  考題回放：You should make a good plan _ you do anything important. (2004南通)   A. before    B. after    C. though    D. unti

4、l  3） until (till)  until (till) 在肯定句中，只與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，意為“到為止”；在否定句中，可與短暫性動(dòng)詞連用，意為“直到才”，這時(shí)till和until可以用before替換。I'll stay here until you come back. 我會(huì)呆在這里，直到你回來。（stay表示的動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)）He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。（go to bed 表示的動(dòng)作不能持續(xù)）考題回放：I wont believe that littl

5、e Bob can run 100 meters in 15 seconds _ I see it with my own eyes. (2004黑龍江)       A. until     B. after     C. when     D. if 2. 條件狀語從句的連接詞  引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有if（如果）；unless(除非)，它相當(dāng)于“if . not”；as(so) long as (只

6、要)等。  考題回放：Well go to visit Tiananmen Square _ it doesnt rain tomorrow. (2004河北)       A. if    B. as soon as    C. when    D. since 熱點(diǎn)三 主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)  1當(dāng)狀語從句表示將來時(shí)，在when, after, before, until, as soon as, once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句和

7、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，從句通常不用一般將來時(shí)，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。即“主將從現(xiàn)”E.g. Ill tell you as soon as he comes back. 他一回來我就告訴你。  考題回放：Dont leave until he _ back. (2004黃岡)       A. have come    B. comes       C. will come    D. came 原

8、因狀語從句用法要點(diǎn)常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有becauseWhy did you go？ I went because Tom told me to go. 你為何去？那是因?yàn)闇方形胰?。He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.他很生氣不是因?yàn)槲覀儊磉t了，而是因?yàn)槲覀兣隽寺曇?。? 復(fù)習(xí)unit 61.重點(diǎn)單詞。2.重點(diǎn)短語。Find out come up with look forward to( doing)Hear from as soon as you bet Out of sight cant he

9、lp doing be satisfied withHere and there=everywhere slow down go on a visit to sp.Raise money worry about=be worried about Be on vacation在度假 spread over=cover 覆蓋 two and a half hour=two hours and a half make sure in the old days Be full of =be filled with be surprised atStand for have fun doing deal

10、 with Stop to do stop doing3.重點(diǎn)句型。1.I want to make a room reservation.2.The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.3.Darren was reading Renai English Post when Micheal came in.4.As they were exploring happily, the crowd of people became larger and larger.5.He didnt raise his head until someon

11、e called him.6.If people obey traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.4.重點(diǎn)語言點(diǎn)。1）動(dòng)詞不定式。動(dòng)詞不定式是初中英語的語法重點(diǎn)之一，也是每年中考英語試題的考點(diǎn)之一。它是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)作句子的謂語。其構(gòu)成形式為to+動(dòng)詞原形，to為動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，本身無意義。動(dòng)詞不定式具有兩大特點(diǎn)： 1.具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，因此，后面可以跟表語、賓語或狀語，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語。2.具有名詞、形容詞或副詞的特點(diǎn)，可以在句子中用作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語、定語、表語及同位語等。動(dòng)詞不定式作主語

12、動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以直接放在謂語動(dòng)詞前面的主語位置，也可以用先行詞it作形式主語，而將真正的主語(不定式)置于后面。常見的句式有：A.It is +形容詞(of sb)to do sth.B.It is +名詞(for sb)to do sthC.It takes sb some time to do sthD.It is +形容詞(for sb)to do sth.句式A中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容詞，與介詞of搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質(zhì)；句式D中常用hard， dif

13、ficult， easy， important等形容詞，與介詞for搭配，表示不定式表示的動(dòng)作、行為的性質(zhì)。注意： 當(dāng)不定式作主語的句子中又有一個(gè)不定式作表語時(shí)，不能用It is to的句型(對(duì))To see is to believe.百聞不如一見。(錯(cuò))It is to believe to see.It's for sb.和 It's of sb. of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。It's very nice of you to help m

14、e. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。for 與of 的辨別方法：用介詞后面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個(gè)句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：You are nice.(通順，所以應(yīng)用of)。He is hard.(人是困難的，不通，因此應(yīng)用for。)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn)，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對(duì)他來說學(xué)兩門外語是很難的。1. It's our du

15、ty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肅省)2. It's hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)3.建造這座立交橋?qū)⒒ㄙM(fèi)工人們一年多的時(shí)間。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover.(北京市海淀區(qū))4. It's very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cu

16、p.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省)Keys： 1. A 2. C 3. take， to， build 4. B2. 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等動(dòng)詞后面，可以接不定式作賓語。如果其后接形容詞補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，則可以用it作形式賓語，而把作真正賓語的不定式放到后面Want/ like/ agree/ hope/wish/learn/ begin/ start

17、/ seem/ decide/ hate/choose/ forget/remember to do sthIt is +adj.+ to do sth. e.g. It is difficult to finish the work in 2 weeks.1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)2. Don't forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to ta

18、ke D. taking (福建省)3. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省)Keys： 1. C 2. A 3. D動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語不定式可以用作賓語補(bǔ)足語。后面可以接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等. 即“v+sb+ to do sth”1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A

19、. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江蘇省)2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肅省)Key： 1. B 2. C動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語go， come， try， do / try one's best等動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞作謂語時(shí)，其后常常可以接不定式作目的狀語。1. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B.

20、looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省)2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)Key： 1. A 2. C3. I'm sorry _ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)4. I'm sorry _ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (

21、吉林省)5. My mother was very glad _ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肅省)Keys： 3. D 4. B 5. A簡(jiǎn)析be +形容詞+ to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式作狀語，常表示原因或方式。6. The panda is so large  that it can't go through the hole.(改為意思相同的句子)The hole _ _ _ _ such a large  panda to go through. (廣東省)7. The ice

22、 on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. (改為意思相同的句子)The ice on the lake wasn't _ enough _ people _ _ _. (廣東省)Keys： 6. is， too， small， for 7. thick， for， to， skate， on簡(jiǎn)析在上述too +形容詞/副詞(for sb)to do(太而不能)和enough (for sb) to do(足以、足夠做)結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作結(jié)果狀語。 sosuch. that.如此.以致.的用法及與

23、其它句型的互換.A.SbSth +be V+  so + adjadv (aan+adj +n)+that + can'tcouldn't.= SbSth +be V+ too+adjadv(for+SbSth)+to+V . .如此.以致.=太而.不能.B、.so that to  =in order to+V動(dòng)詞that+從句   .為了以便于.C、.SbSth +be+  so + adj形容詞a an +n V +adv副詞(so +littlemanymuch. such +aan+adj +n 名形容詞+名詞)+th

24、at + canould=.SbSth +be V+adjadv +enough足夠的 + to+V.如此.以致于.=.足夠.干.如：他太年輕了而不能去上學(xué)。A.  He is  too  young to go  to school.B.  He is so young that he cant go  to schoolC He is nt old enough  to go to school.D.  He is so a young boy that he cant  go  to sc

25、hool（ ）1、The water is _ dirty _ the animals cant drink it.A. too . to  B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough to 答案是A（ ）2、The computer cost _much money _ I cant afford to buy it.(答案選項(xiàng)同1)答案：B。因money前有 much所以不能用 such3環(huán)境的污染如此嚴(yán)重，一些瀕危動(dòng)物無法生存下去。Environment _  _  _  for  endrangered

26、 animals to live on.五、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語1. Would you like something _?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)2. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)3. He is not an easy man _.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山東省)Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D簡(jiǎn)析不定式作定語時(shí)，常放在被修飾的詞語

27、之后，與被修飾的詞語為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；如果不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后要加上必要 的介詞或副詞，構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞。六、不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式1. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (河南省)2. So much work usually makes them _ very tired.A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel (吉林省)3. Your father is sleeping.

28、 You'd better _.A. not wake up him B. not to wake up himC. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陜西省)4. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do B. doing C. to do D. did (貴州省)Key： 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C簡(jiǎn)析1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官動(dòng)詞和make， have， let等使役動(dòng)詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式不帶to.但是在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式

29、要帶to(let沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài))。2.在。had better+V/not +V最好干。后面接不帶to的不定式。七、動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式1. Mr Black asked the man _ the queue.A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didn't jump D. not jump (廣西壯族自治區(qū))2. The old man told the child _ noisy.A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)3. There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.A. have， not to be B. have， not beC. be， not to be D. be， not be (內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū))Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C簡(jiǎn)析動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符號(hào)to的前面加上not，如果是不帶to的不定式就直接在動(dòng)詞原形前面