人教版新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語語法知識(shí)及練習(xí)

1、人教版新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè) 英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講+練習(xí)般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。通常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，如tomorrow, the day aftertomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 yea等。be going to do (動(dòng)詞原形)結(jié)構(gòu)：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來的用法：1. 表示預(yù)見Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a good re

2、st.2. 表示意圖I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本構(gòu)成如下：一般疑問句構(gòu)成：(1) will+ 主語 +do ? Will Sarah come to visit me n ext Sun day?(2)there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問句：Will there + be ?Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there wont否定句構(gòu)成： will + n ot(wo n)t +doSarah w

3、on t come to visit me next Sun day.特殊疑問句構(gòu)成：特殊疑問詞+ will +主語 +？ What will Sarah do next Su nday?根據(jù)例句，用 will 改寫下列各句例: I don t feel well today.(be better tomorrow )I II be better tomorrow1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight )2. I m tired now( sleep later)3. My pare nts n eed a

4、new car. (buy one soon)4. We can t leave right now. leave a little later)5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow )（二）should 的用法：should 用來提出建議和忠告，后邊加動(dòng)詞原形，否定句直接在 should 后邊加 not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I thi nk she shou

5、ld walk a lot.她經(jīng)常開車，很少走路。所以我認(rèn)為她應(yīng)該多走路。Students shouldn t spend too much time playing computer games.學(xué)生們不應(yīng)當(dāng)花太多的時(shí)間玩計(jì)算機(jī)游戲。般將來時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)向別人提建議的幾種句式：(1) I think you should (2) Well, you could (3) Maybe you should (4) Why don t you- ?(5) What about doing sth.?(6) You d better do sth.用 should 或 shouldn 填空1.1 can t

6、 sleep the night before exams.You_take a warm shower before you go to bed.2. Good friends_ argue each other.3. There is little milk in the glass. We_ buy some.4. They didn t invite you? Maybe you_ be friendlier.5. I am a little bit overweight. So I thi nk I_do exercises every day.(三) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某

7、一點(diǎn)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。1. 構(gòu)成 was /were + doing，例如：I was watching TV at 9 o ciocast night.at 9 o clock last ni 是時(shí)間點(diǎn)They were play ing football all afternoon.all after noon 是時(shí)間段2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞at 8 o clock last night, this time yesterd 等。例如：I was havi ng lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在吃

8、午飯。At that time she was writ ing a book.那陣子她在寫一本書。(表示她在那段時(shí)間里一直在做那件事情。)練習(xí)用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. This time yesterday I_ (read) books.2. At 9 o clock last Sun day they_ve) a party.3. When I_ ( come) in to the classroom, she_ (read) a storybook.4. She_ ( play) computer games while her mother_(cook) yesterda

9、y after noon.5. I_ (have) a shower when you_ (call) me yesterday.(四) 間接引語形成步驟：(1)不要逗號(hào)，冒號(hào)，引號(hào)(2)要考慮到人稱的變化(人稱的變化與漢語是一致的)(3)要考慮時(shí)態(tài)的變化(4)要考慮時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和語示代詞的變化。1.直接引語_直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)2.直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)，一些詞匯的變化規(guī)律直接引語間接引語1. am / is1. was2. are2. were3. have / has3. had4. will4. would5. can6.

10、may5. could6. might練一練用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She said I_ (be) hard-working.2. Peter told me he_ (be) bored yesterday.3. She said she_(go) swim ming last Sun day.4. Bobby said he_ (may) call me later.5. Anton io told me he_ (read) a book the n.請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)述他人說的話：1.1 go to the beach every Saturday. (Tom)2. I can sp

11、eak three Ianguages. (Lucy )3. I will call you tomorrow. (Mike )4. I m having a surprise party for Lana( she)(五)if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：if +般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語+將來含義：如果，將要例如：If you ask him, he will help you.如果你請(qǐng)求他，他會(huì)幫助你。If need be, we ll work all nig 如.果需要，我們就干個(gè)通宵。 練一練根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。1. 如果你參加聚會(huì)，你將會(huì)過得很開心。If you_ the party, yo

12、u_ .2. 如果明天下雨，我們將不去野餐。If it_ tomorrow, we_ .3. 如果你經(jīng)常聽英文歌，你將會(huì)喜歡英語的。If you ofte n_, you_ .二.完形填空特點(diǎn)及解題思路(A)Jack wan ted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only lear nt the phrase (短語) “ have a day off ” . He 2 , the n he had an idea.“ Grandmother is ill. May I have a day off, 3? ” he asked the teacher.

13、“Of course, you can. ” replied (答復(fù))the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4at the teacher s do“rMay I have a day off 5 ? ” Theteacher was very surprised, “Didn t you 6 it just now? ”“ Yes, sir. But I can t beThereeither. ” The teacherunderstood him and could not help 8 . Then he said wi

14、th a smile,“ Why didn t you say May I have two days off? ”The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. “ But you only 10 us have a day off!”() 1.A. butB. andC. orD. for() 2. A. thought hardlyB. thought hard and hardC. hard thoughtD. thought and thought() 3. A. MissB. sirC. teacherD. Mr() 4. A. strikeB.

15、bestC. hitD. knock() 5. A. alsoB. aga inC. tooD. once() 6. A.speakB. tellC. sayD. do() 7. A. tomorrowB. the day after tomorrowC.yesterday D. the day before yesterday() 8. A. laughB. to laughC. laughedD. laugh ing() 9. A. withB. onC. inD. by() 10. A. teachB. taughtC. are teach ingD. were teach ing(B)

16、請(qǐng)根據(jù)內(nèi)容從所給的15 個(gè)單詞中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)?0 個(gè)填入空白處，使短文完整，有些詞要根據(jù)需要作適當(dāng)?shù)脑~形變化。tha n, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, compositi on, un dersta nd, to, that, much, for, whatA generation gap (代溝) has become a serious problem. I read a _( 1) about it in the newspaper. Some childrenhave killed _ ( 2)after quarrels (爭吵

17、) with parents. I think this is _ ( 3)they don t have a good talk with eachother. Parents now spend _ ( 4)time in the office. _ ( 5)they don t have much time to stay with their children. Astime passes, they both feel_ (6) they don t have the same topi 話題) to talk about. I want to_ (7) parentsto be m

18、ore with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children, show your feeling _ ( 8)yourparents. They are the people who _ ( 9)you. So tell them your thoughts(想法) . In this way, you can have a better_( 10)of each other.實(shí)戰(zhàn)操練(答題時(shí)間：80分鐘)一 . 選擇填空。()1. Beijing won the chances _ the 20

19、08 Olympics.A. to hostB. hostC. hostingD. hosted() 2. Tiger Woods can make billions _ dollars a year.A. forB. withC. ofD. on() 3. You looked so beautiful at the party.A. No, I don t think so B. Of course C. Thank you very muchD. No, I m not beautiful) 4. The text is very easy for you. There are _ ne

20、w words in it.A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little)5. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _ “Who Moved My cheese ”was an interesting book.A. thatB. whatC. howD. if)6. In our English study reading is more interesting than speaking, I think. I don t agree. Speakinsg_ reading.A. as important a

21、s B. so important as C. the more importantD. the most important)7. If he _harder, he ll catch up with us.A. workB. worksC. workedD. will work) 8. The manager _ that the business would be worse after the stock (股票) went down.A. talkedB. toldC. saidD. spoke) 9. We should keep _ in the reading-room.A.

22、quiet B. quietly C. quite D. quickly ) 10. I think everything goes on well.A. So I doB. I do so C. So do ID. So is I)11. If you want to watch TV, you may turn _ .A. down B. it onC. on itD. it off)12. Im sorry I havent got any money. Ive _ my handbag at home.A. missedB. leftC. putD. forgotten)13. He

23、is listening to the music _ she is washing clothes.A. afterB. beforeC. thatD. while)14. It takes _ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train.A. moreB. fewerC. longerD. less)15.Excuse me. Have you got an eraser?Sorry, I havent. Why _ you ask Mary? Perhaps shes got one.A. doB. dontC. didD. didnt. 選

24、擇恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鹫Z。_5. What did your father say?E. You should liste n to some relax ing music.1. What were you doing when the UFO landed?2. Will people use paper money in the future?3. I can t sleep, what should I do?4. If I wear jeans to school, what will happen?A. Your teacher wontyotulein.B. He said I couldn

25、 t stay out late.C. I was doing my homework.D. No, they wo n t. Everyone, will have a credit card三根據(jù)漢語提示填空：1. 不知道該怎么辦，你能給我點(diǎn)建議嗎？I don t know_to do, can you give me some_ ?2. 外星人正在買紀(jì)念品的時(shí)候，我給警察打了個(gè)電話。While the alie n was_a souve nir, I_ the police.3. 我放學(xué)回家的路上，看見一只貓從窗戶里跑了出來。On my way home from school, I

26、saw a cat get_a win dow.4. 我不想在電話里跟你談?wù)撨@件事情。I don t want to talk_ it with you_ the phone.5. 我們要在周五晚上為約翰舉辦一個(gè)驚喜的晚會(huì)。We are going to have a_ party for Joh n_Friday evening.四.完形填空：把下面五個(gè)句子放在文章中的恰當(dāng)位置，使文章完整。Three men went up in a balloon （氣球）.They started early in London. The headman was Ted, and the other t

27、wo men were Davy andEmilio. 1 Soon they heard the sea. They were carry ing the usual rope （繩子），and it was hanging dow n from the basket of the balloon.At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So 2_. It was for use over the sea. They werealso carr

28、y ing some bags of sand.After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and 3. The water in the balloon became ice.Snow fell past the men s basket, and theyesDimore snow on the ground. 4, but it was hard. They tried to break theicy sand with their knives, but it was not easy

29、. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand.One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so 5. They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything becameicy. They were so cold th

30、at they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres fromLondon!A. The men tried to throw out some more sandB. they were able to cha nge its weight （重量）C. They had a big ballo on and they were ready for a long way.D. they climbed to get away from

31、the snowE. the air there was very cold五.閱讀理解（A）Ein stein Was Waiti ng for His Frie ndOnce Ein ste in was wait ing for one of his friends on a bridge. He was thinking a oblem. While he was wait in g, it bega n to rain. Therain kept on for some time. When Ein ste in took out a piece of paper from his

32、pocket to write someth ing dow n, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. His clothes had become wet. But after he put the paper into his pocket, he forgot he was sta nding in the rainaga in.Many scientists are not careful with their lives. This is because they are too careful with t

33、heir studies.1. What did Ei nste in do? He was_ .A. a doctorB. a teacherC. a scie ntist2. Why was Ein ste in on a bridge.A. Because he was writing something on the bridge.B. Because he was wait ing for a friend.C. Because he was thinking.3. It rai ned_.A. sometimes B. for some timeC. for a long time

34、4. Ein ste in_ and bega n to write someth ing on it.A. bought a piece of paper.B. took a piece of paper from his car.C. took out a piece of paper from his pocket.5. Which is true?A. Einstein was careful with his work. B. Einstein was careful with his clothes. C. Einstein was careful with his friends

35、.（B）生活中總會(huì)有許多意外事故發(fā)生，懂得急救或自救是非常重要的。請(qǐng)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)1-5 小題所描述的救護(hù)方法，從 A-G 七幅圖中找出與題意相應(yīng)的圖畫（本題共有七幅圖，你只能選五幅圖，多選不給分。）1. If the person has stopped breathing, you must try to start his / her breathing at once. The best thing is to use the mouth-to-mouth way.Lay the pers on on his / her back and breathe into his / he

36、r mouth.2. If the person is bleeding (流血)badly, you must try to stop the bleeding. Press on the bleeding point with a piece of clean cloth andhold up the part of the body which is bleed ing.3. If you are bitten (cut by teeth) by an animal, wash the cut under cold running water. Cover the broken part, if there is any, with a pieceof clea n cloth. Then see a doctor as soon as possible.4. If you are burnt (hurt by