被動語態(tài)語法講解

1、初三語法精講系列(二)被動語態(tài)動詞及時態(tài)復習：1. - Have you ever been to Shanghai ,Mary?-Yes. I there for three days with my parents last month.A. have goneB. have beenC. wentD. was2. - Do you often watch Man and Nature on TV?-Sometimes. It's an interesting program, but I Sports News.A. preferB. want C. enjoyD. miss3.

2、 - What did Jack ask you just now?-He wanted to know how long when I reached the cinema.A. had the film been onB. the film had startedC. the film had lastedD. had the film ended4. Please the tigers. It's dangerous to take photos with them. Oh, I see. Thank you.A. keep offB. take offC. get offD.

3、turn off5. My friend Li Xiao knows my hometown very well because he there many times withme.A. has beenB. has goneC. had goneD. went6. My daughter has just.A. went out B. goes out C. gone out D going out7. I' m sure we before.A. will meet B. had met C. met D. have met8. They have only for 5 minu

4、tes.A. been left B. left C. been away D. leave9. The teacher(give) us a lesson when Tom(walk) into the room yesterday.10. While we(have) supper, all the lights went out.11. He(read) while she(set) the table at that time.12. she(arrive)?Not yet.13. It ' 4smonths since the old man(die).1.他已經(jīng)來這里已經(jīng)兩

5、天了。2.他們從未去過延安。3.他經(jīng)常幫助你么？4. 中國曾經(jīng)是世界上最偉大的國家5. 到去年年底為止，我們又建了三個博物館。By the end of last year,一、英語的兩種語態(tài)： 主動和被動核心：People speak English all over the world.English is spoken by people all over the world.主動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：二、被動語態(tài)1. 被動語態(tài)的結構： 1. Thousands of people were killed in the earthquake.2. English is widely spoke

6、n all over the world.3. This article is written by Mark Twain.2. 感受被動語態(tài)Read the dialogue and fill in the blanks.Mr Jackson: Hello, Betty. What s up? What are you doing in the library?Betty: I was looking for some old copies of the school magazine. If I ve got it right, it was called New Standard.Mr

7、Jackson: That s right. As far as I remember, it was started by Becky Wang. We don t have a school magazine any more. It s a pity.Betty: Well, I m thinking about starting it again.Mr Jackson: Sounds like a good idea! Go on.Betty: I was also looking for something by Confucius and by Shakespeare.Mr Jac

8、kson: Really? That s a bit difficult for the school magazine.Betty: Well, I d like a monthly article called “Great Books ” you know, someone reads a favorite work of literature and writes an article about it.Mr Jackson: I see. Confucius works are still read by many people today, and we re still infl

9、uenced by his thoughts. And Shakespeare s plays are seen by millions of people every year. But how about an American writer, Mark Twain, for example?Betty: I don t know. Mark Twain was am important writer, but he isn t known as a great thinker like Confucius.Mr Jackson: No, but his books are still p

10、opular. In fact, he wrote my favorite book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Perhaps thats what makes “Great Books”they re stillread today.Betty: So why don t you write the first article on“Great Books”?Complete the sentences.1. New Standard by Becky Wang.2. Confucius works by many people today.3. We by

11、 Confucius thoughts.4. Shakespeare s plays by millions of people every year.5. Mark Twain as a thinker like Confucius.3. 觀察下列句子的時態(tài)1. You were defeated last time.2. I wasn t chosen to attend the competition.3. We ll be asked to play in the Olympic Games.4. When will the match be held?5. The battery h

12、asn t been charged for a couple of months.6. Has it been published yet?4.總結被動語態(tài)不同的時態(tài)：時態(tài)動詞形式一般現(xiàn)在時Am/is/are given一般過去時Was/were given一般將來時Shall/will be given現(xiàn)在進行時Am/is/are being given過去進行時Was/were being given過去將來時Should/would be given現(xiàn)在完成時Has/have been given過去完成時Had been given含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)情態(tài)動詞 be given5 .

13、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：1. Information can be kept on CD-ROMs now.2. Books could only be produced one at a time by hand.3. Must the homework be finished today?4. Children and old people should be taken good care of.6 .何時用被動語態(tài)1）不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者。換個說法，有一件事情不知道是誰干的或者不想說出是誰干的，這時就用被動語態(tài)。例如： The room is cleaned every d

14、ay.2）要表達“被.、受-、遭-、讓、”之類的語義。如：教師很受尊敬。Teachers are well respected.這孩子很招人喜愛。The child is well loved by people.3)強調動作接受者。如：他遠近聞名。He is known far and wide.7 .被動語態(tài)常用句型It is said that 據(jù)說It is reported that 據(jù)報道It is hoped that 希望It is believed that 人們相信it is (well) known that 眾所周知It has been decided that 已經(jīng)

15、決定It is supposed that 人認為It is suggested that 有人建議It must be remembered that 務必記住8 .關于被動語態(tài)的幾點說明1）有些動詞形式上是主動，意義上是被動。例如 ：The library doesn' t open on Sunday.圖書館星期天不開放。The machine runs well.這臺機器容易操作。My pen writes well.我的鋼筆好使。The cloth washes well.這料子耐洗。The dictionary sells well.這詞典銷路很好。2）make, see,

16、 watch, hear, notice, feel等使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語后面可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補。但在被動語態(tài)中，不定式符號to 必須補上。例如：They made him go. 他們讓他去。He was made to go. 他被要求去了。I heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我聽見他向他的朋友說再見。He was heard to say good-bye to his friends. 有人聽到他向他的朋友說再見。3） 除助動詞 be 外， 動詞 get 有時也可跟過去分詞構成被動語態(tài)， 是比較口語化的一種被動語態(tài)。這種結構中

17、很少用 by 短語。例如 :I got lost in the huge market. 在那個巨大的市場中我迷失了方向。You might get killed/hurt. 你會送命/受傷的。In the end this story got translated into English. 這故事最后被譯成了英文。His car got damaged in a road accident. 他的車在交通事故中被毀了。4） 如果主動語態(tài)有兩個賓語（直接賓語和間接賓語） ，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時， 可將其中任何一個 賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個不變。但較常見的是將間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。The repo

18、rters asked the president some questions. 記者們問了總統(tǒng)一些問題。The president was asked some questions by the reporters.（ 變間接賓語為主語）Some questions were asked the president by the reporters. （變直接賓語為主語） We have given him a job. 我們已給了他一個工作。He has been given a job. （變間接賓語為主語）A job has been given （to） him. （變直接賓語為主

19、語）5） 不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，因為它們沒有賓語。三、 Exercise ：將下列句子變成被動語態(tài)1 My sister made the soup.2 People of all ages read this book.3 . I clean the classroom every day.4 They will show the Games on television.變化主要步驟是：把原句的賓語變成主語（代詞賓格要變成主格） ；把原句的謂語動詞變成被動形式（注意：時態(tài)不變，新謂語動詞與新主語要一致，疑問句要注意助動詞的轉換。6. Will they put up new sport

20、s schools in the coming two years?7. The teacher will not find Tom here.8. He has bought a car.9. Everyone can understand his ideas.10. You must not take these magazine from the library.將下列句子變成主動語態(tài)：1 Her bag can not be found anywhere.She 2 .The world has been changed by printing. ( 印刷 )Printing 3 .

21、A new school will be built next year.The workers 4 . Daming wasn t chosen for the school team by them.They 選擇題( ) 1. Do you often clean your classroom? Yes. Our classroom _ every day.A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning( ) 2.A talk on developments in science and technology_ in the school

22、hall next week.A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. give( ) 3. His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published( ) 4. Did you go to J ack s birthday party? No, I.A. am not invited B. wasn t invited C. haven t invited D. didn t invite

23、 ( )5.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him what_.A. would happenB. had happenedC. happenedD. was happened.( )6.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 1999.A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written.( )7.Trees and flowers_every year to make our country more beautiful.

24、A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted.()8.China ' s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang Good Will Ambassadors(I善大使)forShang hai.A.has been named B.have been namedC.has named D.have named.( )9._a new libraryin your school last year?A.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;built

25、.( )10.An accident_on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happenedC.is happened D.happened.( )11.Cotton in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grew D. grow.( )12.So far, the moon_by man already.A. is visited B.will be visitedC.has been visited D.was visited.( )13.How many tr

26、ees _this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted.( )14 When _this kind of computer_? Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used()15.The Great Wall_about all over the world.A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known.()16.Twenty year olds should not to drive in China.A.allow

27、 B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed.()17.The earth is our home. It well.A.must be protected B.should protectC.need protect D.should protected.填空題1. I think one day books may(replace) by computers.2. Who(choose) to represent China?3. What(use) to make paper in the 19 th century?4. Where the world 's oldest pa