新概念第一冊時態(tài)總結(jié).doc

1、精品資料新概念英語第一冊語法總結(jié)一一時態(tài)時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，一般將來時，一般過去時/現(xiàn)在完成時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去完成時，過去將來時1. 一般現(xiàn)在時：表示一般性，常常性的動作或一般性事實(shí)。* 含有 be動詞的句子 (He is a teacher.; The girl is very beautiful. ;Tim and Jack are students.)變疑問句將 be 動詞移到句首 (Is he a teacher?; Is the girl very beautiful?; Are Tim and Jack students?)變否定句在 be 動詞后面力口 not (He

2、 is not a teacher.;The girl is not very thin.;Tim and Jack are not students.)肯定回答及否定回答(Yes he is. No he is not.Yes she is. No she is not.Yes they are. No they are not.)*不含be有動詞的句子，即含有一般動詞的句子第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞(He likes books.;She likes him. ;The dog likes bones.)變疑問句在句首加 does 動詞變?yōu)樵?(Does he like books?Does

3、 she like him?Does the dog like bones?)變否定句在主語及動詞之間加doesn' t動詞變?yōu)樵?He doesn ' t like books. She doesn ' t like him. The dog doesn ' t like bones.)肯定回答及否定回答Yes he does. No he doesn ' t. Yes she does. No she doesn ' t. Yes it does. No it doesn' t.(注意：第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動詞后面加S,不要和名詞

4、復(fù)數(shù)混淆)其他人稱及復(fù)數(shù)茗詞I want to have a bath.We have some meat.The students like smart teachers.變疑問句在句首加 doDo you want to have a bath? Do we have any meat? Do the students like smart teachers?變否定句在主語和動詞之間加don' t.You don ' t want to have a bath. We don ' t have any meat. The students don ' t l

5、ike smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答 Yes I do. No I don' t. Yes we do. No we don' t. Yes they do. No they don' t.2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作。構(gòu)成： 主語十be動詞十動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞十其它成分（現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成見附錄）We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Are

6、 we having lunch? Is he reading a book? Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?變否定句在be動詞后面加 notWe are not having lunch. He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river.* 特別疑問句： what / which/ how/ where/ who疑問詞十動詞十主語十現(xiàn)

7、在分詞What are you doing? What is she doing? What is the dog doing?*沒有進(jìn)行時的動詞表示狀態(tài)，思想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動作表示感覺、感官的詞 sea hear、like、love、wanthave/ has當(dāng)"擁有"講時 ，沒有進(jìn)行時3 .一般將來時 表示將來將要發(fā)生的動作，常常和tomorrow、next year >the day after tomorrow、the year afterthe next 、 in five hours' time etc.表示將來的詞聯(lián)用* 結(jié)

8、構(gòu)：主語+助動詞will+動詞原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.變疑問句將助動詞移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?變

9、否定句在助動詞后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning肯定回答及否定回答Yes I will. No I will not. Yes he/she will. No he/she will not. Yes he will. No he will not.* 特別疑問句： What will you do?* Be going to d

10、o 表示打算，預(yù)備，計劃做某事結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 +be 動詞 +going to + 動詞原型I am going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.變疑問句將be 動詞移到句首Are you going to make a bookcase? Are they going to paint it?Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?變否定句在 be 動

11、詞后面加notI am not going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.肯定回答及否定回答Yes I am. No I am not. Yes they are. No they are not. Yes he is. No he is not.*特別疑問句What are you going to do?What are they going to do?What is the father going to

12、 do?4 .一般過去時 表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事件，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday、last night、the daybefore yesterday、 3 days ago*含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，（am is的過去式為 was, are的過去式為 were）I was at the butcher ' s.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首Were you at the butcher ' s?We

13、re you a student a year ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?變否定句在be動詞后面加notI was not at the butcher ' s. You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes I was. No I was not. Yes you were. No you were not. Yes he/she was. No he/she was n

14、ot.*特別疑問句： What did you do?不含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，動詞過去式構(gòu)成見附錄I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Streeta year ago.變疑問句在句首加 did,動詞變?yōu)樵虳id you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Streeta year ago?變否定

15、句在主語和動詞之間加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Streeta year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes I did. No I didn ' t./ Yes he did. No he didn ' t. /Yes they did. No they did not.5、現(xiàn)在完成時 構(gòu)成主語+助動詞have has+i±去分詞* 表示過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動作，

16、常和 just、usually、 already、 since等時間副詞連用I have just had lunch.（飽了,不用再吃了 ）He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）They have already had their holiday.（他們已經(jīng)度過假了）The boy has already read the book.（已經(jīng)知道書的內(nèi)容了，不用再看了）* 詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時：Have you finished your homework? Have you been to Beijing? Have he seen the f

17、ilm?* 表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.* 表示一種經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)：去過一地芳，做過一事情，經(jīng)歷過一事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.* Have been to 表示去過， have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.（人已

18、經(jīng)回來）He has gone to London.（人還在那里）*表示一種結(jié)果，一般不和時間副詞聯(lián)用I have lost my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型變化：變疑問句將助動詞移到句首，變否定句在助動詞后面加not.e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes I have. No I have not.* 特另Li疑問句：What have you done? What has he d

19、one?一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時（注重：有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點(diǎn)，不延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用。）錯：I' ve left Beijing for 3 days.對：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.6.過去完成時：用法：在過去的時間里，兩個動作中，發(fā)生在前的那個動作要用過去完成時。結(jié)構(gòu)：had+過去分詞After she had finished her homework , she went shopping.They h

20、ad sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.（After/before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加煤號，假如放在主句后則不用加。） 變疑問句將助動詞移到句首Had she finished her homework? 變否定句在助動詞后面加not She hadn' t finished her homework. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes she had. No she hadH t. 特別疑問句： What had she done

21、?7 .過去進(jìn)行時 表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動作常常用在when、while、 as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doingWhen my husband was going into the dining room this morning , he dropped some coins on the floor.While we were having dinner , my father was watching TV.8 . 過去將來時 結(jié)構(gòu)：wouldShe said she would go here the next morning.81、Thank you very muc

22、h for taking me with you on that splendid outing to London. It was the first time that I had seenthe Tower or any of the other famous sights. If I'd gone alone, I couldn't have seen nearly as much, because I wouldn'thave known my way about.The weather was splendid on that day, which I thought was rare. I still remember some people told me that in Britain there was weather and