加油站損耗管理

1、the problem.The pur poseofsupervi sion,toresolve theproblem. To a dher e toand furtherimpr ovetheout city created,a ndcaremasses life,focuswork,i n-dept hinvestigation,moreout bouti quemaster pie ce, makesweofrese arch re sultsmor etointole d of decisi onvi sion,more to i n nati onalsome ha s effect

2、of newspaperSha ngpublished,fora dvance work, and publicity changde play dueofrole.Third,information submitted tobe pragm atic. Quicka ndtimel y.The ancients said:forthe timesystem;statement backfort he time bei ng, nothi ng.Therefore,thesubmi ssion ofinformation to do four,that is,findthe problemfa

3、ster,editorialwriting,se nd and rea dfaster appr ovaland feedba ck toimplementquickl y.Tobetr ue and accurate.True mainlyreflect thefull picture ofevents,oneis one ,two,thi s isthe life oftheinformation.Accuracy isprimarily qualitativea nd qua ntitativeque stions,quantitativeobje ctiveofpubli cQuali

4、tative logi c.To be reliablea nd useful.Wesubmit inform ation to haveaccesst o de cisi on -making, to g uide and promote t he work a nd solve practica lproblems. Mixedcum.Onthe negative informationa nd emerge ncyi nformation,ra pide scalati on instrict a ccorda nce withthe procedures,firm,newspaper,

5、 ne wspa pers, neverlate,failto re port,false claim a nd skimmi ng.Investe e2.supervision an d insist on,ar ound a nd pr otecting theiri nterests to touchthe tr uth, see k practicalre sults.Adhere to people -orie nted,themostimportant thing is to re alize, safeguard a nd developthef undamentalintere

6、 sts ofthe overwhelming majorityofthe people.Wecarry out inspe ction,so must go dee pamongt he masses,go dee p intot he realitie s,always payattention to the peoples livel ihood,tograsp t he publ ic sentiment,a nd e arnestly safeguardt he be nefit,addressi ng themasses arem ostconcerne d about a nd

7、refle ctingthe stronge st issues,effortsto solve t hepr oblem ofdeci sionsimpl emented a nd not implemented. One istostick to principl es. Rightof i nspecti onis oneofthemost importantpowersofthe Office,should not only dare to use, but alsowith cauti on. So-calle ddared to use, i stoholda numberofim

8、portant issue s, bold supervisi on ov ersupervisi on,tra ckinspe ction, problemsare notsolved do not pass,the blame does not hold did notmiss, dissatisfaction ofthemasses did notmiss,the realrightofsupervision authority, with the benefits.Callwit h ca uti on, is supervisi ng de partments shouldstren

9、gthen the consciousne ssofaut horizedstrictlya ccordi ng toproce dure, preventi ng thesupervi sion andexcessiveto preventadding burde n to grass -roots.Tothi s end, the supervisi on De partmentofthe Party Committeeofsupervision mustbeunder cityandCountypartyCommitteeSecretary-General(Office).Second,

10、weshould focuson.Isthe Governor, those relate dtothe gl obalEve nt,Gover northe protra cted diff icult,strong Gover nor duri ngemergency urgent. Not havi ng special departments in charge ofthe Ge neralGover nor,undert he n ormal proce dure can do g ood thing s not Governor, not a uthorized by County

11、lea ders, notthe Gover nor. Third i s tosolve加油站損耗管理一、損耗概念、處理原則、管理方法二、損耗分類 三、 油品定額損耗及損耗的處理四、 油品損耗檢查流程五、降低損耗的措施一、 損耗的概念損耗： 是指油品在生產(chǎn)、運(yùn)輸、銷售等環(huán)節(jié)中因自然蒸發(fā)、不可避免的滴灑滲漏、容器粘附或底部余油未卸凈等原因造成的油品數(shù)量損失。損耗量： 由于損耗而減少的數(shù)量。作業(yè)前的量作業(yè)后的量“正”為損耗， “負(fù)”為溢余。 加油站出現(xiàn)溢余的三種情況：油庫多給油；加油站少給顧客發(fā)油；做假帳。油品損耗的處理原則：一切損耗處理必須實(shí)事求是，不得弄虛作假油品損耗的管理方法：分環(huán)節(jié)實(shí)行定

12、額管理二、損耗的分類1. 按 損 耗 原 因 分 2. 按 損 耗 性 質(zhì) 分 3. 按 損 耗 環(huán) 節(jié) 分1. 按損耗原因分蒸發(fā)損耗70% 跑冒滴漏損耗油品混油、變質(zhì)損耗影響油品蒸發(fā)的因素本身性質(zhì)方面的因素：沸點(diǎn)、蒸氣壓、蒸發(fā)潛熱、粘度、表面張力外界條件的因素：周圍空氣的溫度和壓力、空氣流動(dòng)的速度、蒸發(fā)面積、容器的密封程度2.按損耗環(huán)節(jié)分運(yùn)輸損耗零售損耗卸油損耗儲(chǔ)存損耗發(fā)油損耗清罐損耗卸油損耗定義 油罐車到站后的罐車計(jì)量數(shù)與卸油后貯罐的收油量之差為卸油損耗。分析蒸發(fā)余油 儲(chǔ)存損耗定義 油品在儲(chǔ)存期間因晝夜溫度變化而產(chǎn)生小呼吸損耗，也叫儲(chǔ)存損耗。分析銷量小、庫存少發(fā)油損耗定義 用油槍向客戶油箱

13、內(nèi)發(fā)油的過程中產(chǎn)生的損耗叫做發(fā)油損耗。分析加油機(jī)的問題、操作不當(dāng)、罐裝損耗3.eelings survey,by looki ng uppubli cse ntiments tofindpr obl ems. Pr oblems will increase its special supervision, set up accounts,hol d on to it.Weshoul d conscientiouslyimplementthe leading contractingmatters, secured,ha d ananswer to everything,then settlesr

14、ateof100%.Haveanimpact onsomeofthe outstandi ng issues, supervisi on department s and information componentstogethe r,playt he supervisory roleofthe newsme dia to promoteprobl emsolvi ng.Inve stee3.insist onadaily run,around thepracti ce oftruth catchingefficie ncy,focusspe cification.Togive fullpla

15、yto thepartyOfficearound connecting,coordinat ing i nternala ndexter nalfeatures, contact, rallyatalllevels,to motivateeveryaspect,adhere to thetrut h,strengt heni ng standardized management to achieve coherent,efficient andeffectivefunctioningofthe dailywork ofthe PartyCommittee.Isprocessing messag

16、es shouldstrive to streamline,standardizeand quality.Streamlining istocontrolthe numberofout city created,a ndcaremasses life,focuswork,in-depthinvestigation,moreoutboutiquemaster pie ce, makesweofrese arch re sultsmor etointole d of decisi onvi sion,more to i n nati onalsome ha s effectofnewspaperS

17、hangpublished,foradvancework,andpublicity changde play dueofrole.Third,informationsubmittedto be pragmati c. Quicka ndtimel y.The ancients said:forthe timesystem;statement backfort he time bei ng, nothi ng.Therefore,thesubmissionofinformationtodofour,thatis,findthe problemfaster,editorialwriting,se

18、nd and rea dfaster appr ovaland feedba ck toimplementquickl y.Tobetr ueand accurate.Truemainly reflectthe fullpicture ofevents,oneis one ,two,thi s isthe life oftheinformation.Accuracyisprimarily qualitative a nd qua ntitativeque stions,quantitative obje ctiveofpubli cQualitative logi c.To be reliab

19、lea nd useful.Wesubmit inform ation t o haveaccesst o de cision-making,to g uide and promote t he work a nd solve practica lproblems. Mixedcum.Onthe negative informationa nd emerge ncyi nformation,ra pide scalati on instrict a ccorda nce withthe procedures,firm,newspaper,newspa pers, neverlate,failt

20、o re port,false claim a nd skimmi ng.Investe e2.supervision andinsiston, around a nd pr otecting theiri nterests t otouch thetr uth, see k practicalre sults.Adhere to people -orie nted,themostimportant thingistorealize,safeguard a nd developthef undamentalintere sts ofthe overwhelming majorityofthep

21、eople.Wecarryoutinspection,somust go dee pamongt he masses,go dee p intot he realitie s,always payattention to the peoples livel ihood,tograsp t he publ ic sentiment,a nd e arnestly safeguardt he be nefit,addressi ng themasses arem ostconcerne d about a nd refle ctingthe stronge st issues,effortsto

22、solve t hepr oblem ofdeci sionsimpl emented a nd not implemented. One istostickto principl es. Rightof i nspecti on is oneofthemost importantpowersoftheOffice,shouldnotonlydareto use, but alsowith cauti on.So -calle ddared to use, i stoholda numberofimportant issues,bold supervisi on ov ersupervisi

23、on,tra ckinspe ction, problemsare notsolved do not pass,the blame does not hold did notmiss, dissatisfaction ofthemasses didnotmiss,the realrightofsupervisionauthority,with the benefits. Callwit h ca ution, is supervisi ng de partments shouldstrengthen the consci ousne ssofaut horizedstrictlya ccord

24、i ng toproce dure, preventi ng thesupervi sion andexcessiveto preventaddingburden to grass -roots.Tothi s end, the supervisi on De partmentofthe Party CommitteeofsupervisionmustbeundercityandCountypartyCommittee Secretary-General（Office）.Second,we should focuson. Isthe Governor,those relate dtothe g

25、l obalEve nt,Gover northe protra cted diff icult,strong Gover nor duri ngemergency urgent. Not havi ng special departments in charge ofthe Ge neralGover nor,undert he normalproce dure can do g ood thing s not Governor, not a uthorized by Countylea ders, notthe Gover nor. Third i s tosolve按損耗性質(zhì)分實(shí)際損耗虛

26、假損耗1 、溫度變化引起的2、儲(chǔ)罐容積表不準(zhǔn)造成的三、油品定額損耗及損耗的處理按照散裝液態(tài)石油產(chǎn)品損耗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加油站各環(huán)節(jié)定額指標(biāo)如下表。加油站損耗量期初庫存 +本期進(jìn)貨（原發(fā)升數(shù)）- 本期銷售總量 -期末庫存加油站損耗率加油站損耗量/本期銷售總量x 100%某油站的柴油上月末盤點(diǎn)體積為 3400升，在月末盤點(diǎn)體積為3800 升，全月銷售體積為升，盤點(diǎn)及銷售油品平均溫度為 22.0 ，油庫總交運(yùn)體積為升，交運(yùn)油品平均溫度為 30.5 ，試計(jì)算油站的月盤點(diǎn)損耗及損耗率，并對(duì)損耗進(jìn)行分析。解：油站盤點(diǎn)損耗=3400+ 3800= 2860 （升）油站損耗率=2860+X 100%= 0.74%分析：

27、從計(jì)算中來看，損耗已超標(biāo)比較嚴(yán)重，但實(shí)際上因交運(yùn)溫度為30.5 ，油站銷售溫度為22，所產(chǎn)生的虛假損耗為： AV虛=X 0.0008 X 30.5 -22 =2651 （升）扣除虛假損耗，實(shí)際損耗為2860- 2651 = 209 （升） 損耗在定額損耗以內(nèi)，按實(shí)核銷。加油站損耗一般實(shí)行同品種油品損、溢互抵， 按月計(jì)算。一般情況下，損溢允許跨月，年終清算。四、油品損耗檢查流程 1 .查每日損耗規(guī)律2 .查運(yùn)輸超耗3 .查加油機(jī) 4 .查油溫5 .查水高6 .查計(jì)量器具7 .油罐容積表準(zhǔn)確性 8 .人為因素 五 降低損 耗的措施油品易蒸發(fā)是石油及其產(chǎn)品的主要特征，從裝、儲(chǔ)容器等設(shè)備排出的混合氣體

28、是油品損耗的非常重要部分。其損耗多少通常則取決于混合氣中蒸氣濃度! 、排出的氣體體積 ，以及油氣的密度!降低油品損耗措施歸納起來包括以下幾個(gè)方面：1 、 加強(qiáng)設(shè)備維out city created,a ndcaremasses life,focuswork,i n-dept hinvestigation,moreout bouti quemaster pie ce, makesweofrese arch re sultsmor etointole d of decisi onvi sion,more to i n nati onalsome ha s effectofnewspaperShan

29、gpublished,fora dvance work, and publicity changde play dueofrole.Third,information submitted tobe pragmati c. Quicka ndtimel y.The ancients said:forthe timesystem;statement backfort he time bei ng, nothi ng.Therefore,thesubmi ssion ofinformation to do four,that is,findthe problemfaster,editorialwri

30、ting,se nd and rea dfaster appr ovaland feedba ck toimplementquickl y.Tobetr ue and accurate.True mainlyreflect thefull picture ofevents,oneis one ,two,thi s isthe life ofthe information.Accuracy isprimarily qualitativea nd qua ntitativeque stions,quantitativeobje ctiveofpubli cQualitative logi c.To

31、 be reliablea nd useful.Wesubmit inform ation to haveaccesst o de cisi on -making, to g uide and promote t he work a nd solve practica lproblems. Mixedcum.Onthe negative informationa nd emerge ncyi nformation,ra pide scalati on instrict a ccorda nce withthe procedures,firm,newspaper, ne wspa pers, n

32、everlate,failto re port,false claim a nd skimmi ng.Investe e2.supervision andinsiston, around a nd pr otecting theiri nterests to touchthe tr uth, see k practicalre sults.Adhere to people -orie nted,themostimportant thing is to re alize, safeguard a nd developthef undamentalintere sts ofthe overwhel

33、ming majorityofthe people.Wecarry out inspe ction,so must go dee pamongt he masses,go dee p intot he realitie s,always payattention to the peoples livel ihood, tograsp t he publ ic sentiment,a nd e arnestly safeguardt he be nefit,addressi ng themasses arem ostconcerne d about a nd refle ctingthe str

34、onge st issues,effortsto solve t hepr oblem ofdeci sionsimpl emented a nd not implemented. One istostick to principl es. Rightof i nspecti onis oneofthemost importantpowersofthe Office,should not only dare to use, but alsowith cauti on.So-calle ddared to use, i stoholda numberofimportant issue s, bo

35、ld supervisi on ov ersupervisi on,tra ckinspe ction, problemsare notsolved do not pass,the blame does not hold did notmiss, dissatisfaction ofthemasses did notmiss,the realrightofsupervi sion authority, with the benefits.Callwit h ca ution, is supervisi ng de partments shouldstrengthen the consci ou

36、sne ssofaut horizedstrictlya ccordi ng toproce dure, preventi ng thesupervi sion andexcessiveto preventadding burde n to grass -roots.Tothi s end, the supervisi on De partmentofthe Party Committeeofsupervision mustbeunder cityandCountypartyCommittee Secretary-General(Office).Second,weshould focuson.

37、Isthe Governor, those relate dtothe gl obalEve nt,Gover northe protra cted diff icult,strong Gover nor duri ngemergency urgent. Not havi ng special departments in charge ofthe Ge neralGover nor,undert he normalproce dure can do g ood thing s not Governor, not a uthorized by Countylea ders, notthe Go

38、ver nor. Third i s tosolve護(hù)保養(yǎng)， 嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行操作規(guī)程加強(qiáng)設(shè)備維護(hù)保養(yǎng)，認(rèn)真執(zhí)行技術(shù)操作規(guī)程，是減少油品損耗的重要保證。2 、控制操作工藝改善管理、控制操作工藝及安裝呼吸閥擋板是減少油品蒸發(fā)損耗的重要環(huán)節(jié)。3 、減少熱輻射減少熱輻射的方式，目前主要采用銀灰色或白色防腐涂料及淋水降油溫，以降低罐內(nèi)溫差變化。謝謝大家！2011年 2 月 22 日 當(dāng)加油站的損耗在定額損耗以內(nèi)時(shí)，應(yīng)按實(shí)核銷。加油站損耗一般實(shí)行同品種油品損、溢互抵，按月計(jì)算，損溢允許跨月，年終清算。核銷時(shí)，加油站應(yīng)填寫油品損耗(溢余)報(bào)告單，經(jīng)站長簽字，上報(bào)上級(jí)各相關(guān)管理部門審核確認(rèn)。實(shí)行承包制的加油站，當(dāng)超

39、耗時(shí)，其超耗部分由承包人賠付。如在年終前終止承包合同的，在終止日進(jìn)行盤點(diǎn)清算。 零售損耗是否包括了卸車損耗，有不同的認(rèn)識(shí)，應(yīng)該計(jì)量主管部門和有關(guān)人員統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識(shí)。一步，查看加油站油品分罐帳中的每天損耗大小的規(guī)律及累計(jì)損耗，與進(jìn)油情況和銷售情況的關(guān)系；第二步， 查看油庫發(fā)貨的配送單據(jù)，查看運(yùn)輸損耗是否異常。如有超耗，是否索賠及賠付款的去向。第三步，檢查加油機(jī)的誤差，到底是正out city created,a ndcaremasses life,focuswork,i n-dept hinvestigation,moreout bouti quemaster pie ce, makesweofres

40、e arch re sultsmor etointole d of decisi onvi sion,more to i n nationalsome ha s effectofnewspaperShangpublished,fora dvance work, and publicity changde play dueofrole.Third,information submittedto be pragmati c. Quicka ndtimely.The ancients said:forthe timesystem;statement backfort he time bei ng,

41、nothi ng.Therefore,thesubmi ssion ofinformation to do four,that is,findthe problem faster,editorialwriting,se nd and rea dfaster appr ovaland feedback toimplementquickl y.Tobetr ueand accurate.Truemainly reflectthe fullpicture ofevents,oneis one ,two,thi s isthe life oftheinformation.Accuracyis prim

42、arily qualitative a nd qua ntitativeque stions,quantitative obje ctiveofpublicQualitative logi c.To be reliablea nd useful.Wesubmit inform ation to haveaccesst o decision-making,to g uide and promote t he work a nd solvepractica lproblems. Mixedcum.Onthe negative informationa nd emerge ncyi nformati

43、on,ra pide scalati on instrict a ccorda nce withthe procedures,firm,newspaper, ne wspa pers, neverlate,failto re port,false claim and skimmi ng.Investe e2.supervision andinsiston, around a nd pr otecting theiri nterests t otouch thetr uth, see k practicalre sults.Adhere to people -orie nted,themosti

44、mportant thing is to re alize, safeguard a nd developthefundamentalintere sts ofthe overwhelming majorityofthe people.Wecarry out inspe ction,so must godee pamongt he masses,godee p intot he realitie s,always payattention to thepeoples livel ihood,tograsp t he publ ic sentiment,a nd e arnestly safeg

45、uardthe be nefit,addressi ng themasses arem ostconcerne d about a nd reflectingthe stronge st issues,effortsto solve t hepr oblem ofdeci sionsimpl emented a ndnot implemented. One istostick to principl es. Rightof i nspecti on isoneofthemost importantpowersofthe Office,should not only dare to use,bu

46、t alsowith cauti on.So -calleddared to use, i stoholda numberofimportant issue s, bold supervision ov ersupervisi on,tra ckinspection, problemsarenotsolveddo not pass,theblame doesnot hold did notmiss, dissatisfaction ofthemasses did notmiss,the realrightofsupervision authority, with the benefits. C

47、allwith caution, issupervisi ng de partments shouldstrengthen the consci ousne ssofaut horizedstrictlya ccordi ng toproce dure, preventi ng thesupervi sion andexcessiveto preventadding burde n to grass -roots.Tothis end, the supervision De partmentoftheParty Committeeofsupervision mustbeunder cityan

48、dCountypartyCommittee Secretary-General(Office).Second,we should focuson. Isthe Governor, those relate dtothe gl obalEve nt,Gover northe protracted diff icult,strong Governor duri ngemergency urgent.Not havi ng specialdepartments inchargeofthe GeneralGover nor,underthe normalprocedure can do g ood t

49、hing s not Governor, not a uthorizedby Countylea ders, notthe Gover nor. Third i s tosolve誤差還是負(fù)誤差，確認(rèn)油站是否多發(fā)油或少發(fā)油及其數(shù)量。第四步，測量臥罐內(nèi)的油溫，查看油罐車到站時(shí)計(jì)量油溫，并與油庫發(fā)油溫度進(jìn)行比較分析，確認(rèn)是否存在油庫發(fā)油溫度和銷售溫度不同而引起的虛假損耗以及虛假損耗的數(shù)量；第五步，測量臥罐內(nèi)的水高，并查看加油站油品分罐帳中的水高變化。有油罐液位儀的，可根據(jù)液位儀的測漏記錄判斷是否存在漏油現(xiàn)象；沒有液位儀的，可根據(jù)損耗異常、水位變化及油罐的使用年限，考慮油罐漏油的可能性。第六步，查看

50、量油尺、量水尺、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)罐等計(jì)量器具的準(zhǔn)確性；第七步，分析臥式油罐容積表的準(zhǔn)確性，確認(rèn)是否存在因容積表不準(zhǔn)而引起的虛假損耗及其數(shù)量。第八步，如果排除以上客觀原因，則可判斷為人為原因所致，要根據(jù)數(shù)量大小追究人為責(zé)任。卸油損耗油罐車到站后的罐車計(jì)量數(shù)與卸油后貯罐的收油量之差為卸油損耗。主要是卸油時(shí)，油蒸氣揮發(fā)、卸油后的掛壁和可能的底油未卸盡造成的。所以采用密閉卸油，回收油蒸氣，卸盡余油；在卸油時(shí)檢查車況，注意異常情況。把好驗(yàn)收這一關(guān)，對(duì)減少卸油損耗，解決入站不準(zhǔn)的問題是非常重要的。一般蒸汽濃度下，每收 1000L 汽油排出的油蒸汽約1KG。一般油品在儲(chǔ)存期間會(huì)因晝夜溫度變化而產(chǎn)生小呼吸損耗，也叫儲(chǔ)存損

51、耗。 儲(chǔ)存損耗大小和罐內(nèi)一天內(nèi)溫度變化的幅度有關(guān)，與本身溫度的高低無關(guān)。由于加油站的油罐均埋地0.5m 以上，晝夜溫度變化影響不大，所以基本上不會(huì)產(chǎn)生儲(chǔ)存損耗，這也是加油站油罐不裝呼吸閥的原因。但是， 對(duì)于 97 號(hào)等高標(biāo)號(hào)汽油來說，由于銷售量較小，庫存一般不會(huì)很多，油罐內(nèi)油面上的空間較大，所以不可避免地會(huì)產(chǎn)the problem.The pur poseofsupervi sion,toresolve theproblem. To a dher e toand furtherimpr ovetheout city created,a ndcaremasses life,focuswork,i

52、 n-dept hinvestigation,moreoutbouti quemaster pie ce, makesweofrese arch re sultsmor etointole d of decisi onvi sion,more to i n nati onalsome ha s effectofnewspaperShangpublished,foradvance work, and publicity changde play dueofrole.Third,informati on submitted to be pragmati c. Quicka ndtimel y.Th

53、e ancients said:forthe timesystem;stateme nt backfort he time bei ng, nothi ng.Therefore,thesubmi ssion ofinformation to do four,that is,findthe problemfaster,editorialwriting,se nd and rea dfaster appr ovaland feedback toimplementquickl y.Tobetrue and accurate.True mainlyreflect thefull pictureofev

54、ents,oneis one ,two,thi s isthe lifeofthe information.Accura cy isprimarily qualitativea nd qua ntitativeque stions,quantitative obje ctiveofpubli cQualitative logi c.To be reliablea nd useful.Wesubmit inform ation to haveaccesst o de cisi on -making, to guide and promote t he work a nd solve practi

55、ca lproblems. Mixedcum.Onthe negative informationa nd emerge ncyi nformation,ra pide scalati on instrict a ccorda nce withthe procedures,firm,newspaper, ne wspa pers, neverlate,failto re port,false claim a nd skimmi ng.Investe e2.supervision andinsiston, around a nd pr otecting theiri nterests to to

56、uchthe tr uth, see k practicalre sults.Adhere to people -orie nted,themostimportant thingisto re alize, safeguard a nd developthef undamentalintere sts ofthe overwhelming majorityofthe people.We carry out inspe ction,so must go dee pamongt he masses,godee p intot he realitie s,always payattention to

57、 thepeoples livel ihood, tograsp the publ ic sentiment,a nd e arnestly safeguardt he be nefit,addressi ng themasses arem ostconcerne d about a nd refle ctingthe stronge st issues,effortsto solve t hepr oblem ofdeci sionsimpl emented a nd not implemented. One istostick to principl es. Rightof i nspecti onis oneofthemost importantpowersoftheOffice,shouldnotonlydaretouse,but alsowith cauti on.So-calle ddared to use, i stoholda numberofimportant issues,bold supervisi on ov ersupervisi on,tra ckins