人教版初二英語過去式講解以及練習(xí)(共11頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一般過去時【基礎(chǔ)知識回顧】一、句子： 1、What did you do over the weekend? 2、On Saturday morning I cleaned my room. 3、How was your weekend? 4、It was great. 二、語法：一般過去時意義：一般過去時表示過去某一時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 構(gòu)成形式：主語動詞be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞/實義動詞的過去式 要掌握一般過去時，首先要掌握動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則： 1、動詞be的變化： 2、助動詞do的變化：dodid (注：在過去時里助動詞do沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化) 3、實

2、義動詞的變化： 實義動詞分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。 規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成：一般在動詞末尾加ed。 【舉例】walkwalked playplayed以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動詞末尾只加d ?！九e例】loveloved decidedecided結(jié)尾是“輔音字母y ”的動詞。先將y 變?yōu)閕，再加ed ?！九e例】studystudied carrycarried末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加ed 。 【舉例】stopstopped planplanned不規(guī)則變化在本單元中出現(xiàn)的不規(guī)則動詞有以下幾個： dodid gowent readreadseesaw getgotsitsat

3、 have/hashad am/iswas 4、一般過去時的幾種基本句型 肯定句“主語動詞過去式其他”或者“主語waswere其他”。例：I played tennis last weekend. 我上周末打網(wǎng)球了。My school trip was great. 我的學(xué)校郊游棒極了。 否定句在主語后面加“didnt”或“wasntwerent”。例：The girl didnt play computer games yesterday afternoon. 這個女孩昨天下午沒玩電子游戲。Old Henry wasnt happy last Friday. 上星期五老亨利不高興。 一般疑問

4、句“在句首加was、were、did”，句子中的其他過去式的詞改為原型?？隙ɑ卮馂椤癥es，主語did”，否定回答為“No，主語didnt”肯定回答為“Yes，主語waswere”，否定回答為“No，主語wasntwerent”。例： Did you go to the beach? 你們?nèi)ズ┝藛幔?Yes, we did.No, we didnt. 是的，我們?nèi)チ恕２?，我們沒有。 Was your weekend OK? 你的周末過得還行吧？ Yes, it was.No, it wasnt. 是的，還行。不，不行?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】1、_ you _ soccer over the weeke

5、nd? A. Did, played B. Do, played C. Did, play D. Did, plaid 2、d you clean the room? _ A. Yes, I do B. No, I did C. Yes, I dont D .No, I didnt 特殊疑問句：b.特殊疑問詞+ did + 動詞原形+ 主語+其他？例：What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪兒？a.特殊疑問詞 + was/were + 主語+ 其他？上個周末你過得怎么樣？ _ _ you

6、r last weekend? 昨天他做了什么事情？ _ _ he do yesterday? 【即時訓(xùn)練】：對下列句子中的劃線部分提問。1. I got up at nine yesterday morning. _ _ you get up yesterday morning?2. We did our homework last night. _ _ you _ last night?3. They were in the supermarket last Sunday. _ _ they last Sunday? 4. My last weekend was kind of borin

7、g. _ _ your last weekend?（二）重點句型 1、What did you do over the weekend？/last week? 你在周末/上周做了些什么？ What did she do over the weekend? 她周末干了些什么？ What did they do over the weekend? 他們/她們周末干了些什么？ 在過去時中助動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2、On Saturday morning, I played tennis. 在星期六上午我打了網(wǎng)球。 （1）介詞on用來表示時間時表示特指。 e.g. on a cold morning

8、 在一個寒冷的早晨 in the morning在早上on Sunday 在星期天 （3）play 玩，打，演奏 當(dāng)要表示演奏某種樂器時，要與定冠詞the連用。 e.g. play the piano, play the violin 當(dāng)它與表示球類運動的名詞連用時，不用定冠詞。 e.g. play football, play baseball play with sb. 與一起玩耍 play with sth. 玩（東西） 3、How was your weekend? 你的周末過得怎樣？ “How一般疑問句”用來詢問“某物或某事怎么樣？” e.g. How is your sister/

9、study? 你的妹妹/學(xué)習(xí)怎么樣？ 4、It was great! 好極了！/ 太棒了！ 例似的句子有 It was OK. 5、 “How about ?”“What about?” 怎么樣？這個句型是用來詢問消息、提供建議或征詢意見的。因為about是介詞，動詞，動詞要加上-ing。 e.g. How about this film? It's interesting. 這部影片如何？很有趣。 How about playing football? Good idea! 去踢足球如何？好主意！ 三、重點單詞詞組與短語 1、visit my uncle 拜訪我叔叔 visit 參觀

10、（某地），拜訪（某人） e.g. I visited the factory over the weekend. 在周末我去參觀了這家工廠。 2、go shopping 去購物 gov-ing 通常用來表示去進(jìn)行某項活動。 e.g. go fishing 釣魚go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去劃船 go skating 去滑冰 3、a little difficult 有一點難 a little在這里用作狀語，表示程度“有一點，稍微”。 e.g. I'm a little cold/hungry 我有點冷/餓。 4、have a party 舉行一次聚會/晚會 h

11、ave的用法有許多，除了作“有”講外，它與不同的詞搭配意義就不同： e.g. have breakfast 吃早餐have some water 喝點水 have a look 看一看 have a match 舉行比賽 在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中你會遇到have的更多用法，要用心去記憶。 5、do some reading 讀書，看些書 這是一個常用詞組，你可以通過更換do后面的詞，來表達(dá)不同的意思： e.g. do some writing 寫點東西 do some washing 洗點衣服 do some cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生do some shopping 買點東西 6、watch vt.

12、觀看，看 e.g. watch TV / a film 看電視，看電影 watch sb. do sth. 觀看某人做某事 e.g. He likes watching children play. 他喜歡看孩子們玩耍。 7、spend 花費，度過 （1）spend money on sth 花錢買某物（在上花錢） e.g. I spent 5 yuan on the book. 我花了5元錢買這本書。 （2）spend e.g. I spend two hours (in) doing my homework every day. 我每天花兩個小時做作業(yè)。 （3）度過 e.g. Where

13、did you spend your weekend? 你在哪里度的周末？ 8、have a party舉行一個聚會，此處的have 意為舉行，進(jìn)行,召開。如：have a meeting 開會 have a swim 游泳9、It was time to have lunch。該吃午飯了。= It was time for lunch。該吃午飯了。 It is time to do sth =It is time for sth 是一個非常重要的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，意為該做某事，或是做某事的時候了。 It is time to read English 該讀英語了。 It was time to go

14、 to the movie.去看電影的時間到了。四、文化背景，交際策略 1、英美人士周末喜愛去鄉(xiāng)村度假，或去野營（camping）等等，周一便能精神飽滿地重新開始工作。 而周一同學(xué)、同事好友再見面時，往往會詢問對方周末過得如何，怎樣過的。這是很常見的一個話題詢問或應(yīng)答時常運用以下句型： How was your weekend? 你周末過得如何？It was very great! 太棒了。或It wasnt very good. 不是太好！亦可問： What did you do over the weekend? 你在周末期間做了些什么？ I did my homework. 我做了作業(yè)。

15、【過手訓(xùn)練】五、單項選擇( )1、How your weekend? It great . But I tired (累)now A. was, was, am B. is , was, was C. is, is , am D. is, is , was( )2、What did you do? I . A. play tennis B. played tennis C. study science D. studyed science( )3、I think everyone their weekends. A. enjoy B. enjoys C. like D. liking( )4、

16、It is time to school. A. to go B. go C. goes D. went( )5、Please dont your pencil in class. A. play B. played C. played with D. play with( )6、What is your father? Hes a teacher. your father? Hes a doctor. A. How is B.Where is C. What about D. What( )7、Old Henry watched Wang Wang near his house. A. wa

17、lked B.walks C. walking D. walk( )8、Last month I a new song. A. write B. writes C. wrote D. to write ( ) 9、 Where you last Monday? I went to the library. A. do go B.did go C.does go D. did went( )10、Did you eat in the morning? No, I didnt eat . A. something anything B. anything anything C. something

18、 something D.anything something六、完形填空 Last month, Mr, and Mrs. Brown 1 to a big city for a day rest(休息). They 2 to go to the movies and have lunch 3 . Mrs Brown 4 happy (高興)because she didnt like to 5 at home every day. After an action movie it was 12 6 . They wanted 7 something. They saw a restaura

19、nt. And there 8 a notice (告示)“Nice 9 for you , from 12:30 to2:30, $1.50.”“Wow! I like it .”Mrs Brown said.“I can eat for two hours(小時) for only 10 money.”( ) 1. A went B. go C. goes D. to go( )2. A. want B. wanted C. wants D.needed( )3. A. here B. there C. home D. where( )4. A. are B. is C. was D. w

20、ere( )5. A. cooked B. cooks C. cook D. to cook( )6. A. day B. hours C. minute D. oclock( )7. A. eat B. to eat C. played D. to play( )8. A. am B. was C. is D. were( )9. A. lunch B. breakfast C. supper D. apples( )10. A. little B. a little C. many D.a七. 升級訓(xùn)練-選擇填空( )1.The talk show _ really great. A. a

21、re B. is C. were D. am( )2.Tina _ her grandmother three days ago. A. visits B. is visiting C. visited D. visit( )3._ you _ soccer over the weekend? A. Did, played B. Do, played C. Did, play D. Did, plaid ( )4.He saw _ on TV. A. something terrible B. terrible something C. somethings terrible D. terri

22、ble some thing( )5.I did my homework .It was _ difficult.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little( )6.I studied _ the math test. A. on, B. at C. for D. in( )7.He enjoys _ very much. A. play the football B. playing football C. playing the football D. to play football( )8.-_ you work hard _? -Yes, I did.

23、A. Do , all day B. Did , all day C. Do , all day D. Did , all the day( )9.When he_ young there _ not so much food for him.A. is, is B. was, is C. is , was D. was, was( )10.She likes playing _ basketball. He likes playing _ guitar.A. the, the B. a , a C. /, the D. the, /( )11.He _ his homework, he _

24、to the library.A. didnt do, went B. didnt did, goes C. didnt do, go D. did not , went( )12.I played soccer _ my friends _ Sunday afternoon.A. with, in B. with, on C. and, on D. and , at( )13.It was time for Old Henry _.A. go home B. went home C. to go home D. to go to home( )14.He stayed at home, _

25、he?A. did B. does C. doesnt D. didnt( )15.For you , its useful to do more _.A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading( .) 16.Did you clean the room? _ A. Yes, I do B. No, I did C. Yes, I dont D .No, I didnt( )17.When _ your brother born? A. was B. is C. were D. are ( )18.Is that _ interesting novel ? Y

26、es, but it is _ difficult.A. an, a little B. a, a bit C. a, little D. an, a few( )19._ your sister _ the vacation?A. How do, spend B. How did, spend C. What do, spent D. How does, spent( )20. His father _in Beijing now. Last year he _ in Dalian. A. worked , working B. works , working C. is working,

27、worked D. is working ,works 二補全對話 (A)A: What _1_ you do last night? You _2_ so tired. B: I _3_ to sleep very late last night.A: _4_ you out somewhere ? B :No, I _5_.A: Did you do all your homework? B: No, I _6_.A: I just want _7_ tell you we are not going to have the test today. B; Oh, no! I _8_ for

28、 it all last night.(B)A: Hi, Ann! How _9_ your weekend? B: It was _10_.A: Oh, really? What _11_ you do over the weekend? B: I _12_ a good rest and _13_ some beautiful cities.A: Where did you _14_? B: I _15_ to Wuxi and Suzhou.A: That sounds exciting! B: _16_ _17_ you? Did you have a nice weekend?A:

29、No, I _18_. I stayed at home and did my homework.三 句型轉(zhuǎn)換（20分）1.I played the guitar over the weekend.(對畫線提問) What _ you _ over the weekend?2.Every week he goes to the library.(用last week 改寫) _ week he _ to the library.3.Jims weekend was very great.(對環(huán)線提問) _ _ Jims weekend?4.I had a busy holiday. (變否定句

30、) I _ _ a busy holiday.5.Tina saw an interesting talk show last night.(變一般疑問句) _ Tina_ an interesting talk show last night? 6.He did his homework after school yesterday. ( 變否定句) He _ _ his homework after school yesterday.7.My sister often reads books on Sundays.(同義句) My sister often _ some _ on Sund

31、ays.8.Did you play football yesterday? (給出肯定/否定答語) Yes, I _./No, I _.9.She cleaned the room last weekend.(變一般疑問句) _ she _ the room last weekend?10.They went to the beach last weekend ? (對畫線提問) _ _ _ _ last weekend?四.完成句子（12分） 1.在假期期間你做了什么? What _ you do _ vacation?2.他們周六晚上開了個晚會. They _ a party _ Sat

32、urday evening.3.你的周末過得怎么樣? _ _ your weekend?4.昨晚我沒有看電視 I _ _ TV last night.5.我們每天練習(xí)說英語 We _ _ English every day.6.在星期六上午我打網(wǎng)球并打掃房間_Saturday morning , I _tennis and cleaned my room.動詞過去式、過去分詞的變化（一）、規(guī)則動詞： 1、一般動詞在詞尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited 2、以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動詞只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-

33、lived ,love-loveed-loved 3、以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動詞將 "y" 變?yōu)?"i" 再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried 4、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母,先雙寫該輔音字母,再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped （二）、不規(guī)則變化1、AAA型，即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。（共9個） costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letle

34、tlet putputput readreadread setsetset shutshutshut 2、ABB型，即過去式、過去分詞相同。（共41個） （1）過去式和過去分詞都含有 -ought。（3個） bringbroughtbrought buy boughtbought thinkthought thought （2）詞尾有-ild，-end時，只需把d變?yōu)閠。（4個） buildbuiltbuilt lendlent lent sendsentsent spendspent spent （3）過去式、過去分詞都含有 -aught。（2個） catchcaughtcaught tea

35、chtaughttaught （4）把-eep變?yōu)?ept。（3個） keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweep sweptswept （5）把-ell變?yōu)?old。（2個） telltoldtold sellsoldsold （6）過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。（4個） smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspelt feelfelt felt spillspiltspilt （7）過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。（3個） learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt （8）過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。（4個） saysaidsaid paypaidpaid laylaidlaid hearheardheard （9）改變元音字母。（11個） meetmetmet getgotgot sitsats