英語語法：一般將來時(shí)與過去將來時(shí)概述

1、英語語法：一般將來時(shí)與過去將來時(shí)概述一般將來來和過去將來一般將來時(shí)構(gòu)成如下：肯定式 疑問式 否定式 疑問否定式I shall work Shall i work? I shall not work Shall i not work?He(she,it) Will he He(she,it)will Will he (she,it)will work (she,it)work? not work. not work?We shall work Shall we work? We shall not work Shall we not work?You will work Will you wor

2、k? You will not work Will you not work?They will work Will they work? They will not work Will they not work?其結(jié)構(gòu)有如下幾種： 1)will + 動(dòng)詞原形 (will 能夠用于任何人稱 ) 需要注意的是當(dāng)主語是第一人稱時(shí) will 能夠換成 shall, 特別是在以 I 或 we 作主語的問句中 , 一般用 shall. e.g. Shall we go to the zoo?2) be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 3) 現(xiàn)在實(shí)行時(shí)也可表示將來 , 前邊已經(jīng)講過 , 這里不在重復(fù) .

3、第一種結(jié)構(gòu)的句式變化是： 變否定句在 will 后邊加 not. 變一般 疑問句把 will 提前. e.g. She will be back in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? 第二種結(jié)構(gòu)的句式變化要在 be 上做文章 . E.g. They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to clean their classroom. Are they going to clean their

4、classroom?其時(shí)間狀語有如下幾種 1)this 引導(dǎo)的短語 如 this year2) tomorrow 及其相關(guān)短語如 tomorrow morning 3)next 引導(dǎo)的短語 如 next month 4) from now on ; in the future ; in an hour等。一般將來時(shí)基本用法如下：1 一般將來時(shí)用來表示純粹的將來事實(shí)。一般將來時(shí)常和表示將 來的時(shí)間狀語連用如： tomorrow,next week,next month,next year等如： He will come next week他下個(gè)星期回來2 一般將來時(shí)也能夠與 now,today,

5、tonight 等時(shí)間詞語連用如： I shall do it now.我現(xiàn)在就做這事3 常與表時(shí)間的狀語從句連用如： When i have time, i'll go我有時(shí)間就去4 與條件狀語從句連用如： He'll help you if you ask him你提出請(qǐng)求，他就會(huì)協(xié)助你。5 有時(shí)候條件狀語從句能夠省略或是暗含在上下文之中如： Don't disturb him, he'll be angry.不要打擾他，他會(huì)生氣的。6 用于狀語從句中。表示時(shí)間和條件的狀語從句一般用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)表將來。但有時(shí)亦可用一般將來時(shí)。連詞 before 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀

6、語從 句可用一般將來時(shí)。如： You must fill out the application form and be inter viewed before you will be considered for the job.你必須先填好申請(qǐng)書，經(jīng)過面談，然后才會(huì)被考慮雇傭的問題。7 用于一般疑問句，內(nèi)含助動(dòng)詞 shall 的一般將來時(shí)常用在由 shall 或是 shall we 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句中。詢問對(duì)方的意圖或是愿望。 回答 shall i 問句時(shí)候，不能夠用 yes,you shall或是 No youshall not, 而是說 yes please( 或是 please do

7、) 或是 no please do not ( 或是 please do not) 。 回答 shall we 問句時(shí)候應(yīng)該說 yes ,let's 或是 no i don't think we shall如： Shall i help you?Yes pleaseNo please don'tShall we call a taxi?Yes let'sNo I don't think we shall一、易忽視動(dòng)詞用原形形式例： 1 He will is (be) at school next Monday.2 He is going to does

8、(do) his homework after school.答案：1 be 2 do解析：第一題有的同學(xué)一看he做主語就用了 is，忽視了 will后 應(yīng)加動(dòng)詞原形。我們?cè)趯懢渥訒r(shí)，很容易把動(dòng)詞丟掉，“英語句子里，動(dòng)詞不能少”的規(guī)律必須要牢記。第二題中 to 后加動(dòng)詞原形，而不是 用單三人稱 . 。二、 be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形與 will+ 動(dòng)詞原形用法不清楚例：我正努力學(xué)習(xí)，準(zhǔn)備參加英語考試。I am studying hard and I will try for my English exams.答案： I am studying hard and I am going

9、to try for my English exams.解析：“ be going to ” 表示計(jì)劃、打算要做某事。 E.g. He is going to visit his friends.還表示某種跡象表明會(huì)發(fā)生某事 .e.g.Look at the clouds. It's going to rain.而“ Will+ 動(dòng)詞原形 ”指對(duì)將來事物的預(yù)見、表示意愿、決心。 E.g. I will wait for you until you come. 在單純預(yù)測未來時(shí)，二者能夠互換，但在此題中只 能用 be going to ，而不能用 will 。將來時(shí)的一些特殊用法1) s

10、hall 用于第一人稱，常被 will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。Which paragraph shall I read first.Will you be at home at seven this evening?2) be going to + 不定式，表示將來。a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?b. 計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。The play is going to be produced next monthc. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事Look at the dark clouds, t

11、here is going to be a storm.3）be + 不定式表將來，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4）be about to + 不定式，意為馬上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.注意： be about to 不能與 tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將 來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語連用11.5 be going to / will用于條件句時(shí)， be going to 表將來will 表意愿If you are going to make a jou

12、rney, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.11.6 be to 和 be going tobe to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。be going to 表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.（ 客觀安排 ）I'm going to play foo

13、tball tomorrow afternoon. （主觀安排 ）11.7 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來1) 下列動(dòng)詞： come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。這主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事 情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.2)倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在實(shí)行，如：Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.3) 在時(shí)間或條件句中。When Bill comes ( 不是 will come), ask him to wait for me.I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.4) 在動(dòng)詞 hope, take care that, make sure that等后。I hope they have a nice time next week.Make sure that the win