英語四級考試真題及答案第1套

1、文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持2016年6月英語四級真題第一套(文字版整理)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoyourparentsoranyfamilymembersuponmakingmemorableachievement.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words。PartnListeningComprehension(25min

2、utes)SectionADirections：Inthissection，youwillhearthreenewsreports。Attheendofeachnewsreport，youwillheartwoorthreequestions。Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD)。ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerS

3、heet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard。1。 A)TheInternationalLaborOrganizationskeyobjective。B) Thebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable。C) Risingunemploymentworldwide。D) Globaleconomicrecovery。2。 A)Manycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenough

4、jobs。B) Fewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomiccrisis。C) Fewcountrieshaverealizedtheseriousnessofthecurrentcrisis。D) Manycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeopleslivelihood。Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard。3。 A)Servestandardizedfoodnationwide。B) Putcalorieinformationonthe

5、menu。C) Increaseproteincontentinthefood。D) Offerconvenientfoodtocustomers。4。 A)Theywillbefined。B) Theywillbeclosed。C) Theywillgetawarning。D) Theywilllosecustomers。Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard。5。 A)Inabilitytoimplementtheirbusinessplans。B) Inabilitytokeepturningoutnovelproduct

6、s。C) Lackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirown。D) Failuretointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness。6。 A)Itisthesecrettobusinesssuccess。B) Itisthecreationofsomethingnew。C) Itisamagictooltobringbigrewards。D) Itisanessentialpartofbusinessculture。7。 A)Itshardworkingemployees。B) Itsflexiblepromotionstrategy。

7、C) Itsinnovationculture。D) Itswillingnesstomakeinvestments。SectionBDirections：Inthissection，youwillheartwolongconversations。Attheendofeachconversationsyouwillhearfourquestions。Boththeconversationsandthequestion-swillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion。Youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesm

8、arkedA)，B)，C)andD)。ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard。8。 A)Hesgotaddictedtotechnology。B) Heisnotverygoodatsocializing。C) Heiscrazyabouttext-messaging。D) Hedoesnottalklongonthephone。9。 A)Talkbig。B) Talkat

9、length。C) Gossipalot。D) Forgetherself。10。 A)Hethoughtitwascool。B) Heneededthepractice。C) Hewantedtostayconnectedwiththem。D) Hehadanurgentmessagetosend。11。 A)Itposesachallengetoseniors。B) Itsavesbothtimeandmoney。C) Itischildishandunprofessional。D) Itiscoolandconvenient。Questions12to15arebasedonthecon

10、versationyouhavejustheard。12。 A)Hewantstochangehisjobassignment。B) Heisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanager。C) Hethinkshedeservesextrapayforovertime。D) Heisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhisboss。13。 A)Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy。B) Hisimmediatebossdidnottrusthim。C) Hiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtocooperate。D) Hi

11、ssalarywastoolowforhisresponsibility。14。 A)Heneverknowshowtorefuse。B) Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers。C) Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim。D) Hisbosshasnosenseoffairness。15。 A)Putallhiscomplaintsinwriting。B) Waitandseewhathappensnext。C) Learntosaynowhennecessary。D) Talktohisbossinpersonfirst。SectionCDirections

12、：Inthissection，youwillhearthreepassages。Attheendofeachpassage，youwillhearthreeorfourquestions。Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD)。ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthec

13、entre。Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard16。A)Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife。B) ReasonsforAmericansdeclineinsleep。C) Sometipstoimprovethequalityofsleep。D) Diseasesassociatedwithlackofsleep。17。 A)Theyaremorehealth-conscious。B) Theyarechangingtheirlivinghabits。C) Theygetlessandless

14、sleep。D) Theyknowthedangersoflackofsleep。18。 A)Theirweightwillgodown。B) Theirmindfunctionwilldeteriorate。C) Theirworkefficiencywilldecrease。D) Theirbloodpressurewillrise。Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard19。A)Howmuchyoucanaffordtopay。E) Whatcourseyouaregoingtochoose。F) Whichuniversi

15、tyyouaregoingtoapplyto。G) Whenyouaregoingtosubmityourapplication。20。 A)Thelistofcoursesstudied。B) Thefullrecordofscores。C) Thereferencesfromteachers。D) Thepersonalstatement。21。 A)SpecifywhattheywouldliketodoaftergraduationB) DescribeindetailhowmuchtheywouldenjoystudyingC) Indicatetheyhavereflectedan

16、dthoughtaboutthesubjectD) EmphasizethattheyadmiretheprofessorsintheuniversityQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard22。A)Itwasequippedwithrubbertyres。E) Itwasbuiltinthelate19thcentury。F) ItwaspurchasedbytheRoyalfamily。G) ItwasdesignedbyanEnglishengineer。23。 A)Theyconsumedlotsofpetrol。B)

17、Theytooktwopassengersonly。C) Theyweredifficulttodrive。D) Theyoftenbrokedown。24。 A)Theywereproducedontheassemblyline。B) Theywerebuiltwithlesscostlymaterials。C) TheyweremodeledafterBritishcars。D) Theyweremadeforordinaryuse。25。 A)Itmadenewsallovertheworld。B) ItwasbuiltfortheRoyalfamily。C) Itmarkedanewe

18、rainmotortravel。D) Itattractedlargenumbersofmotorists。PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）SectionADirections：Inthissection，thereisapassagewithtenblanks。Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage。Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoic

19、es。Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter。PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce。Questions26to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard。Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood,andtheresgrowingevidencethatithelpst

20、hebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown,（26）tohavehigherGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina（27）of14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityandacademic（28）,investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved,thebettertheirgradeswereinschool,（29）

21、inthebasicsubjectsofmath,Englishandreading.Thedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducationclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto（30）onsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.

22、（31）inrecentyears,someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheplayground.Butasthesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe（32）exclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood（33）tothebrain,fuelingmemory,attentionandcreativity,whichare（34）tolearning.Andexercisereleasesh

23、ormonesthatcanimprove（35）andrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhentheyrerunningaround,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。A） attendanceB） consequentlyC） currentD） depressingE） droppingF） essentialG） feasibleH） flowI）

24、moodJ）mutuallyK） particularlyL） performanceM） reviewN） surviveO） tendSectionBDirections：Inthissection，youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit。Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs。Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived。Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanon

25、ce。Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter。AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2。FindingtheRightHomeandContentment，TooA Whenyourelderlyrelativeneedstoentersomesortoflong-termcarefacilityamomentfewparentsorchildrenapproachwithoutfearwhatyouwouldlikeistohaveeverythingmadeclear。B Doe

26、sassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome，orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners？Arenursinghomesasbadaspeoplefear，oristhatanout-modedstereotype(固定看法)？Candoingoneshomeworkreallysteerfamiliestothebestplaces？Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow。C Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysug

27、gestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed。Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenotnecessarilythethingsthatmakeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtomovein。Iamnottalkingaboutthequalityofcare，letmehastilyadd。Nobodyflourishesinagloomye

28、nvironmentwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrecord。Butanaccumulatingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsomedistinctionsbetweenonetypeofeldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo。D Themostrecentofthesestudies，publishedinThejournalofAppliedGerontology，surveyed150Connecticutresidentsofassis

29、tedliving，nursinghomesandsmallerresidentialcarehomes(knowninsomestatesasboardandcarehomesoradultcarehomes)。ResearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenteraskedtheresidentsalargenumberofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife，emotionalwell-beingandsocialinteraction，aswellasaboutthequalityofthefaciliti

30、es。E “Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes，”saidtheleadauthorofthestudy，JulieRobison，anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity。Areasonableassumptiondontfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycant？F Intheinitialresults，assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostposi

31、tivepicture。Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities，forinstance，andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely。Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction。G Butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables，suchdifferencesdisappeared。Itisnotthehousingtype，theyfound，thatcreatesdiffere

32、ncesinresidentsresponses。“Itisthecharacteristicsofthespecificenvironmenttheyarein，combinedwiththeirownpersonalcharacteristicshowhealthytheyfeeltheyare，theirageandmaritalstatus，”Dr。Robisonexplained。Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant。H Aneld

33、erlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth，therefore，mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving(evenifherchildrenpreferredit)thaninanursinghome。Apersonwhobadinputintowherehewouldmoveandhashadtimetoadapttoitmightdoaswellinanursinghomeasinasmallresidentialcarehome，otherfactorsbeingequal。Itisaninteraction

34、betweenthepersonandtheplace，notthesortofplaceinitself，thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences?！癥oucantjustsay，Letsputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinsteadofanursinghomeshewillbemuchbetteroff，”Dr。Robisonsaid。Whatmatters，sheadded，“isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem，andwhattheyfindthere?！盜 Suchfin

35、dings，whichruncountertocommonsense，havesurfacedbefore。Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving，forinstance，UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariablesthefacilitystype，sizeorage；whetherachainownedit；howattractivetheneighborhoodwashadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermso

36、fillness，mentaldecline，hospitalizationsormortality。Whatmatteredmostwastheresidentsphysicalhealthandmentalstatus。Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedonetheywerethere。J AsIwasconsideringallthis，apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk，announcingthatthefive-

37、starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare。Asamatteroffact，consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilitiesthelowestrated，thanwiththefive-starones。(Moreonthisstudyandthestar

38、ratingswillappearinasubsequentpost。)K Beforewecollectivelytearourhairouthowarewesupposedtofindourwayinalandscapethisconfusing？hereisathoughtfromDr。PhilipSloane，ageriatrician(老年病學(xué)專家)attheUniversityofNorthCarolina：“Inaway，thatcouldbeliberatingforfamilies?！盠 Ofcourse，sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacil

39、ities，talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies，anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties。ButperhapstheydonthavetoturnthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsorCongressionalsubcommittees?！癋amiliescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy，”Dr。Sloanesaid。Andinvolvingthefutureresidenti

40、ntheprocesscanbeveryimportant。M Weallhaveourownideasaboutwhatwouldbringourparentshappiness。Theyhavetheirideas，too。Afriendrecentlytookhermothertovisitanexpensiveassistedliving/nursinghomenearmytown。Ihaveseenthisplaceitiselegant，insideandout。Butnobodygreetedthedaughterandmotherwhentheyarrived，thoughth

41、evisithadbeenplanned；nobodyintroducedthemtotheotherresidents。Whentheyhadlunchinthediningroom，theysataloneatatable。N Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere，andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility。Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch，thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreach

42、adecision。36 。Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursinghomefortheirparents。37 .Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities，involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant。38 .Itisreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursinghome。39 .Howar

43、esidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein。40 .Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome。41 .ThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryplace。42

44、.Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction。43 .Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink。44 .Thefindingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-statestudyofassistedliving。45 .Aresidentssatisfac

45、tionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere。SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection。Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements。ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）。Youshoulddecideonthebestcho

46、iceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentrePassageoneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage。areThisdangercanbeavoidedifwefigureouthowtoAsArtificialIntelligence（AI）becomesincreasinglysophisticated，theregrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreataccordingtocompu

47、terscienceprofessorStuartRussellturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecodeRussellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks，itsnecessary12文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.totranslateourmoralsintoAIlanguageForexample，ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouseyouwouldntoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforwantthatrobotprelo

48、adedwithagoodsetofvaluesSomerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasicrobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortablethehungrychildren。，”saidRusselltwantitYouwouldthereareculturaldifferences，butcameupcloseinyourpersonalspace，aproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddoifyouwereyouwouldnhumanvalues。Forexample，mobiledistance

49、fromhumans。ObviouslytalkingtoanotherpersonandtheytthinkthatsthekindofthingItwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines，ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules。Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior。Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecare

50、less。Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtososufficienttestingandtheyveproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo(禁忌)。Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation。Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimal

51、issuitableforthemicrowave，ithastheopportunitytostop，sendoutbeeps(嘟嘟聲)，andaskfordirectionsfromahuman。Ifwehumansarentquitesureaboutadecision，wegoandasksomebodyelse。Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveinmoral，andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules。Butifwecomeupwithananswe

52、r，robotscouldbegoodforhumanity。46 .Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots？A) Itmayconstituteachallengetocomputerprogranmers。B) Itaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology。C) Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage。D) Ithasbecomeaninevitableperilastechnologygetsmoresophisti

53、cated。47 .Whatwouldwethinkofapersonwhoinvadesourpersonalspaceaccordingtotheauthor？A) Theyareaggressive。B) Theyareoutgoing。C) Theyareignorant。D) Theyareill-bred。48 .Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues？A) Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituations。B) Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeings。C) B

54、ypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior。D) Byimitatingthebehaviorofpropertybrought-uphumanbeings。49 .Whatwillawell-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation？A) keepadistancefrompossibledangers。B) Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing。C) Triggeritsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce。D) Dosufficienttesti

55、ngbeforetakingaction。50 .Whatismostdifficulttodowhenweturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode？A) Determinewhatismoralandethical。B) Designsomelarge-scaleexperiments。C) Setrulesforman-machineinteraction。D) Developamoresophisticatedprogram。PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage。Whydosomepe

56、oplelivetobeolderthanothers？Youknowthestandardexplanations：keepingamoderatediet，engaginginregularexercise，etc。Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity(長壽)？Dosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives？AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingtheperso

57、nalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100。Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing，moreactiveandlessneurotic(神經(jīng)質(zhì)的)thanotherpeople。Long-livingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympatheticandcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan。Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory：thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes。Interestingly，however，othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger。Thosewho