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1、v1.0可編輯可修改名詞名詞的格(名詞的所有格般是名詞后加、s)句法陳述句 疑問句 祈使句 感嘆句there be/語音【元音(單元音、雙元音)、輔音】名詞的數(shù)(復數(shù)變化規(guī)則,一般是名詞后加s/es )廠人稱代詞(主格和賓格)同 代y物主代詞(形容詞性和名詞性)1r詞疑問代詞(通常以 wh開頭)不定代詞 (some和 any)動詞【be動詞、助動詞(do/does/did )、情態(tài)動詞、行為動不定式、動名詞】形容詞、副詞(比較級的構成和用法)冠詞【定冠詞(the)、不定冠詞(a/an )】介詞(表時間、地點、方式、目的等,如:in、on、at、from)數(shù)詞(基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞)I 連詞(常有 a

2、nd、but、or、than、because、so 等)(肯定句、否定句)(一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句)(肯定句、否定句)句型 (與have/has的區(qū)另U )廠現(xiàn)在式構成注:三單+動詞(s/es ) 構成,過去式構成(規(guī)則變化是:動詞+ed) 廠一般現(xiàn)在時 I進行式構成 (be doing sth )時態(tài),一般過去時將來式構成 (be going to do sth)(時態(tài)表)現(xiàn)在進行時I肯定句一般將來時用法1否定句(句中含有not)一般疑問句(用be /情態(tài)/助動詞引 導)特殊疑問句(含有特殊疑問詞的)語音元音字母在音節(jié)中的讀音歸納(1)(牛津小學)1、單元音字母在重讀閉音節(jié)中的讀

3、音單元音字母 a,e,i(y),o,u在重讀閉音節(jié)中分別讀/? /u/:如:look、book、cook、foot、good2. /u:/:soon、tooth、toothache、afternoon 、noodles、spoon、too、woof、school、room、food、moon, cartoon、chooseor/? :/: horse 、 for、 morning、 tomorrow > York、 order、 sport 、 story 、 vistor 、 airport 、 before、 fork、forty 、 short、 sorry111v1.0可編輯可修

4、改er/ ? /:number、fever、member remembers rubber、ruler、sister、stapler 、under、waiter 、 after 、 newspaper、 together 、 better 、fingerar/a:/ :art 、card、garden、large 、star、arm、cartoon 、bar、bookmark、farm、March、 park、 party、 sharpener、 scarf、smartir, ur/ ? :/ :circle 、 first 、 bird 、 birthday 、girl 、 shirt 、

5、sir 、 skirt 、 third 、 thirty 、 Saturday、 turn、 hamburger> nurse、 purse、 surf、 thursday特殊輔音字母組合的讀音歸納(牛津小學)ch,tch / ? / : catch、Chinese > choose、china、chocolate、French、lunch、watchph,gh /f/,如:elephant、telephone、cough、photo、phonesh / ? / ,如:wash、 British 、 brush、 English 、 ship、 fish 、 shopth / 8

6、/ ,如:Maths、thin、thing、bath、fifth 、thank/ e / ,如:clothes、other、with、then、them、that、those、these、there、this、 theirwh /h/ ,如 who, whom, whose/w/ ,如 which , when, why、what、wheredg,dj / ? /,如 judge , fridge.gu /g/ ,如 guess、guide、guest ;/gw/ ,如 language ,Ck /k/如:clock、neck、black、back、chicken、duck、backache&

7、gt; quick、trick 、 jacketqu /kw /: quarter 、 quick、 quiet 、 questiontr /tr /: trip 、triangle 、try、treedr / dr /:dragonfly 、draw、dress、drink、driver小學生辨音題(一)一、判斷下列各詞劃線部分發(fā)音是否相同,相同的打,不同的打“x1、firsther工)2、fifththere _()3、todaySaturday _)4、saysays_ ()5、eatkeep_ ()6、AprilMay ()7、lookcartoon _( )8、blowtouch (

8、)單詞辯音。()1. A.ruler _B. herC. teacher()2. A.bearB. dearC. hear()3. A.hobbyB. overC. pocket()4. A.front _B. monthCjrange-()5. A.grass_B. cageC. skate()6. A.record里B. October _ C. sports()7. A.sign_B. bikeC. public()8. A.momentB. phone C. stop三、找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項。()1. A. must _ B. public C. question D. cup2

9、22v1.0可編輯可修改()2. A. dangerB_herC. litterD. mother()3. A. stayB. awayC .todayD. Saturday_()4. A. greatB_breadC. readyD. head_()5. A. dearB. bearC. hereD. nearby()6. A. cook_B. roomC. foodD. shoot_四、判斷下列每組單詞畫線部分的發(fā)音是否相同,用或“X”表示。1.there here (_)2.year hear ()3.dear bear ()4.where hair ()5.pear near ()pa

10、rents ()一、1.V 2. X 3.X 4.X 5. V 6.V 7 X . 8. X二、B A B B A BC C三、C B D A B A四、1.X 2. V 3.X 4.V 5. X6. V五、DD A C B B六、1.,2. X 3.X 4.X 5. V 6.V 7 X . 8. X五、找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項()B. birthdayC. hejD. worker _()B. JuneC.blueDcostume()B. candleC. JanuaryD. back()B. yearC. pearD. hear()B. thereC. fifth _D. three()

11、B. readyc. teamD.sea _六、判斷下列各組單詞畫線部分的讀音是否相同,用或“X”表示。()1.bearpear _ ()2. there here()3.racehave _()4. just must()5.thenthey_()6. mobile pocket()7. ground cousin () 8. ball roll()9. shoot look _ ()10. video diary_詞性一、名詞表示某一事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。強調(diào):不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據(jù)someany、a lot of等詞

12、去作判斷,以免受誤導。1、可數(shù)名詞如何變“復數(shù)形式”:a.般情況下,直接力口 -s ,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;讀音: 清輔音后讀s,濁輔音和元音后讀z。b. 以 s. x. sh. ch 結尾,力口 -es , 如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;讀音:iz。333v1.0可編輯可修改c.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變 y為i,再加-es ,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;讀音:z。d.以"f 或

13、fe"結尾,變 f 或 fe 為 v,再加-es ,如:knife-knives , thief-thieves ; 讀音z。e.以"o" 結尾的詞,般直接力口s, mango除夕卜:mango-mangoes;讀音:z。f. 不規(guī)貝U名詞復數(shù):man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children,tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, C

14、hinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese2 、不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)。如果要計算不可數(shù)名詞所表達的數(shù)量,就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間加上“量詞 +of”。例如: a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice判斷步驟:/如是 anr is 或 waA原形讀句子-讀該單詞-認識該單詞-理解意思-看be動詞'如是 are 或 were加 s或es練一練:1、寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)。I him this her watch mangochild photo diary day footdress tooth shee

15、p box thiefpeach sandwich man woman people2、用所給名詞的正確形式填空。(1) Are there two( box ) on the table(2) I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.(3) How many( day ) are there in a week(4) Here,re five ( bottle ) of( juice ) foryou.(5) This ( violin ) is hers. Those ( grape ) are over there.2、名詞所有格1、有生命的名詞所

16、有格:A)單數(shù)后加"'s ",如:Su Hai' s t win sister 蘇海的雙胞胎妹妹Jim' s family吉姆的一家B)以"s "結尾的復數(shù)名詞,只需加"'",如:Teachers' Day 教師節(jié)the twins ' parentsC)不以"s "結尾的復數(shù)名詞,則仍需加"'s ",如:Children ' s Day 兒童節(jié) 注意:表示兩人或幾人共有的物品,只需在最后一人名后加“ s ",如:Ben

17、and Jim' s book2、無生命的名詞所有格,一般與“ of ”構成短語。如: 444v1.0可編輯可修改a photo of his family 他家的一張照片 the colour of her skirt 她 的短裙的顏色練一練:翻譯下列詞組:大衛(wèi)的叔叔我妹妹的郵票婦女節(jié)老師們的辦公室他筆友的信這本書的名字雙胞胎的書房孩子們的愛好郵局的大門3.名詞(n.)-形容詞(adj.)1)在名詞后面加-y可以變成形容詞(尤其是一些與天氣有關的名詞)。例如:rainrainy, cloud cloudy, wind windy, snow snowy, health healthy

18、, luck lucky等。注意:1)如果名詞以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾,且詞尾只有一個輔音字母,這時應雙寫詞尾的輔音字母再加-y。如:sun sunny, fun funny等。2)少數(shù)以不發(fā)音的 e結尾的名詞變 為形容詞時,應去掉 e再加-y。例如:noise noisy, ice icy 等。2) .一些抽象名詞在詞尾加-ful 可以變?yōu)樾稳菰~。例如: care careful, thank 一thankful, help helpful, use useful, beauty beautiful 等。3) 一些表示國家的名詞可以在詞尾加-ese, -ish或-n構成表示國籍、語言的形容詞。 例如

19、: China Chinese, Japan Japanese, England English, America American,India Indian, Australia Australian(注意 Canada- Canadian)。4)在名詞后加-ous變?yōu)樾稳菰~。例如:danger dangerous等。5.)在名詞后加-ly變?yōu)樾稳菰~。例如:friend friendly, love lovely 等。二、冠詞是一種虛詞,不能獨立使用,通常放在名詞的前面,分為“不定冠詞”和“定冠詞” 兩種。1、不定冠詞:a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前,表示“一個,一件"。 an用在以元音

20、"音素” 開頭的單詞前。 如: an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, anhour-2、定冠詞:the。用在單數(shù)或者復數(shù)名詞前。the沒有具體意思,有時翻譯為這、那。 它的基本用法:(1)用來表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如: The map on the wall is new.(2)表示說話者雙方都知道的人或事物。如: Look at the picture, please.(3)表示再次提到前面談過的人或事物。如: This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.(4)用在表示

21、世界上獨一無二的事物前。如:the sun太陽the moon月亮the earth地球(5)用在由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前。如: the Great Wall 長城556v1.0可編輯可修改(6)用在江河、湖海等專有名詞前。如: the Changjiang River 長江(7)止匕外,序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、樂器名稱等詞前面和一些習慣用語中一般都用定冠詞 the。 如:the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class確定用a、an還是the時可根據(jù)漢語意思。練一練:1、用a或an填空。ice-creamgoalke

22、eper teapotapple English book officeumbrella2、根據(jù)需要,填寫冠詞 a, an或the。(1) Who is girl behind tree (2) old man has two children, son and daughter. (3) This is orange. orange is Lucy ' s.(4) He likes playing guitar. We have same hobby. We all had good time last Sunday.(6) She wants to be doctor.三、數(shù)詞我們

23、學過兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?;鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。區(qū)別:基數(shù)詞前面沒有“ the” ;序數(shù)詞前一定要有“ the”。1、超過二十以上的兩位數(shù)需要在個位和十位之間加上"-"。如:21 twenty-one2、三位數(shù)以上的則需要在百位數(shù)后再加上and。如:101 a/one hundred and one3、用基數(shù)詞來修飾可數(shù)名詞時,一定別忘了它的復數(shù)形式。如:十八個男孩eighteen boys4、用基數(shù)詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞時,如是復數(shù),變它的量詞為復數(shù)。如:兩碗米飯twobowls of rice5、序數(shù)詞一般加"th”,特殊的有:

24、first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth以及二十及二十以外的整十:twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth "第幾十幾":前面整十不變,后面"幾"改為序數(shù)詞。如: 88 eighty-eighth練一練:1、請翻譯下列短語。(1) 60名學生 (2) 15本英語書(3) 12 月 31 日 (4) 6 月 2 日(5)第九周 (6) 40年前(7) 11+7(8)上學第一天 2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。one- two- three- nine一fourteen- twen

25、ty-thirty-five- 四、代詞有兩種:人稱代詞和物主代詞。666v1.0可編輯可修改1、人稱代詞分為:第一、第二、第三人稱,且有單復數(shù)之分。2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語,一般用在動詞前(疑問句除外);賓格在句中做賓語,多用于動詞、介詞后。3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用,后面一定要跟名詞,表示該名詞是屬于誰的。4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如:This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers.一般看后面有沒有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞;如無,就用名詞性物主代詞。請牢記下表:I (

26、賓格)she(形容詞性物主代詞)we(名詞性物主代詞)he (復數(shù))us(單數(shù))theirs(主格)its(賓格)2 、想一想,把下表補充完整。IitwemeyouthemmyHisyourminehers778人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱Imeweusmymineourours第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits練一練:1、按要求寫出相應人稱代詞3、用所給詞的適當形式填空。1) That is

27、 not kite. That kite is very small, but is verybig. ( I )2) The dress is. Give it to. ( she )3) Is this watch ( you ) No, it ' s not. ( I )4) is mybrother. nameis Jack. Look! Those stamps are(he )5) dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are( you )6) Show your kite, OK ( they )7) I have a beautiful

28、 is Mimi. These cakes are.(it )v1.0可編輯可修改8) Are these tickets No, are not . aren' t here. ( they )9) Shall have a look at that classroom That is classroom.(we )10) is my aunt. Do you know job a nurse. ( she )11) Where are I can' t find . Let' s call parents. (they )12) Dorf t to

29、uch.not a cat,a tiger! ( it )13) sister is ill. Please go and get. ( she )14) The girl behind is our friend. ( she )五、形容詞、副詞1、形容詞表示某一事物或人的特征,副詞表示某一動作的特征。形容詞和副詞有三種形式:原形、比較級、最高級。比較級:+er最高級:the+est兩個重要特征:asas中間一定用原形,than的前面一定要+er。2、形容詞、副詞比較級的規(guī)則變化如下:(1) 一般直接+er o如:tall - taller, fast - faster單音節(jié)詞如果以-e結尾

30、,只加-r。如:late - later(2)重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音字母,須雙寫這個字母,再加 -er。如:big - bigger, fat - fatter(3)以輔音字母加-y結尾的詞,變 y為i,再加-er 。如:heavy - heavier, early -earlier(4)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級應在原級前加more構成。如:beautiful - morebeautiful,careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting(5)有些不規(guī)則變化的,須逐一加以記憶。

31、如:good/well - better, bad/ill - worse, many/much more, far farther/further, old older/elder (6)形容詞(adj.)-副詞(adv.)一般在形容詞的詞尾加-ly可以變成副詞。例如:quick quickly, slow slowly, loud loudly, sudden suddenly 等。但是,以下幾點值得注意:a. 一些以“輔音字母+y”結尾的形容詞,要把 y改為i再加-ly 。例如:happy happily, angry angrily, lucky luckily, heavy heav

32、ily, noisynoisily 等。b.少數(shù)以e結尾的形容詞,要去掉 e再加-ly。例如:true truly 等。但絕大多數(shù)以e結尾的形容詞仍然直接加-ly 。例如:polite politely, wide widely等。c.以-l結尾的形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~時仍然要在詞尾加-ly ,而不是只加-y o除非是以-ll888v1.0可編輯可修改結尾的才在詞尾只加 -y。例如:usual usually, careful carefully, usefulusefully, full fully 等。練一練:1、寫出下列形容詞、副詞的比較級。good/ well thinheavy fat li

33、ght far low early late2、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1) I can swim as ( fast ) as the fish, I think.2) Look! His hands are ( big ) than mine.3) I think you do these things ( well ) than your classmates.4) Whose bag is ( heavy ), yours or mine5) Does Jim run as( slow ) as DavidYes, but Mike runs( slow ) than them

34、.6) You have seven books, but I have ( many ) than you. I have ten.7) I jump ( far ) than some of the boys in my class.8) I ' m very ( thin ), but she ' s ( thin ) than me.9) It gets and ( warm ) when spring comes here.六、介詞1、一種虛詞。不能單獨作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語一起構成介詞短語,才能在句子中起作用。有:in, on, under, with,

35、behind, about, near, before, after,for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, fromto ,at the back of 2、表示時間的介詞有:at, on, in。(1) at表示“在某一個具體的時間點上",或用在固定詞組中。如:at ten o ' clock, at 9:30 ., at night, at the weekend(2) on表示“在某日或某日的時間段”。如: on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning (

36、3) in表示“在某一段時間(月份、季節(jié))里”o如:in the afternoon, inSeptember, in summer, in2005- - -3、in 一詞還有其他的固定搭配,如:in blue(穿著藍色的衣服),in English(用英語表達),take part in(參加)。練一練:1、選用括號內(nèi)恰當?shù)慕樵~填空。1) What' s this(at, on, in ) English2) Christmas is(at, on, in ) the 25th of December.3) The man(with, on, in ) black isSu Hai&

37、#39; s father.4) He doesn ' t do well(at, on, in ) PE.5) Look at those birds(on, in ) the tree.6) Weare goingtomeetat, on, inthe bus stop _(_at, on, in )half past ten.7) Is there a cat(under, behind, in ) the door8) Helen ' s writing paper is(in, in front of ) her computer.999v1.0可編輯可修改9) We

38、 live ( at, on, in ) a new house now.10) Does it often rain ( at, on, in ) spring there2、圈出下列句子中運用不恰當?shù)慕樵~,并將正確的答案寫在橫線上。1) Jim is good in English and Maths. 2)The films were in the groundjust now. 3) They are talking to their plans. 4) How many students have their birthdays on May 5) Women s Day is at

39、 the third of March.6) I can jog to school onthe morning. 7) Did you water trees at the farm 8) Can you come and help me on myEnglish 9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning. 10) What did you do on the Spring Festival七、動 詞這里所說的動詞是指各種動詞總稱,其中包括 be動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、行為 動詞(就是我們平時總說的那種動詞)。動詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分,如不能

40、一眼看出,可用如下方法:先用“一(量詞)”(如:一個、一張等)和這個詞連起來說,如說得通,一般認為是名詞;說不通再用“很”去判斷,就是把“很”和為個詞連起來說,說得通一般就是形容詞;都說不通就是動詞。(目前我們學過的,以后可能不同) (另外一些很明顯 的,如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動詞等一下就可以知道)1、be 動詞(am, is, are, was, were )1) am was, is was, are-were 口訣: 我用 am,你用 are, is 用在他她它, 所有復數(shù)全用are。2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teach

41、er. She is(not)in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.3) 一般疑問句 Am I a Chinese Yes, you are. No, you aren' t. Are they Americ an Yes, they are. No, they aren ' t. Is the cat fat Yes, it is. No, it isn' t.4) be動詞的否定形式:am not (沒有縮寫形式),are not = aren ' t , is n

42、ot=isn ' t 。用恰當?shù)腷e動詞填空。練一練:1 、用be動詞的適當形式填空。1) I a boy.you a boy No, I not. 2) The girl Jack'ssister.3) The dog tall and fat. 4) The man with big eyesa teacher.5) your brother in the classroom6) How yourfather101011v1.0可編輯可修改7) Mike and Liu Taoat school.)Whosedressthis9) Whose socks they 10)

43、Who I 11 ) The jeans on the desk.12) Here a scarf for you. 13) Here some sweaters for you.14) The black gloves for Su Yang. 15) This pair of gloves forYang Ling.16) The two cups of milk for me. 17) Some tea in the glass.18) Gao shan's shirt over there. 19) Mysister's name Nancy.20) David and

44、 Helen from England 21) There a girl in the room.22) There some apples on the tree. 23) there any apple juicein the bottle24) There some bread on the plate. 25) You, he and I fromChina.26) There a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.2、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞也是一類特殊的動詞,平時我們不把它說成是動詞。情態(tài)動詞可以和行為 動詞同時出現(xiàn)在同

45、一個句子中。我們現(xiàn)在學過的情態(tài)動詞有:can、must、should > would、may could、shall .注意:情態(tài)動詞后動詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)其否定形式:can not = can ' t, must not = mustn ' t, 注意: may not和shall not (無縮寫形式)練一練:選擇填空。()1) The sign on the wall meansyou stay away from the building.A. must B. can ' t C. shouldn't()2) How many

46、books you see on the deskA. may B. can C. should()3) It means you make noise in the library.A. should B. shouldn't C. can()4) you like a glass of milk Yes, please.A. May B. Could C. Would()5) you see the sign over there -Sorry, I can ' t.A. Can B. Can ' t C. Should()6) we go to the park

47、by busA. May B. Must C. Shall3、助動詞(do, does, did )do, does用于一般現(xiàn)在時,其過去式did用于一般過去時。它們通常用在疑問句和否定句中。 它們的否定形式:do not = don ' t, does not = doesn ' t, did not =111111didn ' t 。注意:在一般現(xiàn)在時中,does用于第三人稱單數(shù),其余一律用助動詞do;助動詞do, does, did后面一定要用動詞原形。練一練:1、用適當?shù)闹鷦釉~填空。1) you like this magazine 2) The girl li

48、ke bread for breakfast.3) -What she at the weekends-She usually plays games with her friends.4) -What you do last Sunday -I wrote to my friend.5) -Did you see a Beijing opera -No, I . 6) He not visit a farm last National Day holiday.7) They not like playing volleyball.8) - Jim have a picnic with his

49、 family every Saturday -Yes, he 9) Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day10) -How many kites we have -We have ten.2、找出下列句子中的錯誤,將序號填入題前括號內(nèi),并改正。()1) Did you had a big lunch with your family last SpringFestivalA BC()2) -What do the boy have in his pencil-box -He has arubber.A BC()3) Theydoe

50、sn' t like the film.A B C()4) Do Jim get up at six everyday A B C()5) Don't giving the ball to Liu Tao.A B C4、行為動詞就是我們平時上課時說的動詞,表示某一動作或行為。如:sweep、live等。行為動詞我們已學過它們的四種形式:原形、第三人稱單數(shù)+s/es、現(xiàn)在分詞(也叫動名詞)+ing、過去式+edo(1)動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則:A、般直接力口 " s",如: play plays, visit visits, speak speaks ; B、

51、以"s","x","sh","ch"結尾時,力口 "es",如: catch catches, watch-watches ; G以"輔音字母+y"結尾時,變"y"為"i"再加"es",如:carry - carries, study - studies 。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞(動名詞)構成規(guī)則:121212v1.0可編輯可修改A、般直接力口 " ing ",如: go going, do doing,

52、 look looking ; B、 以不發(fā)音的"e"結尾的單詞, 去"e"加"ing",如:take - taking, make - making, have - having ; G以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的詞,如末尾只有一個輔音字母,需要雙寫這 個字母再力口 "ing", 如: put putting, stop stopping, run running, get-getting, swim - swimming, sit - sitting,begin - beginning, jog - jogging,fo

53、rget - forgetting 。(3)過去式構成規(guī)則:A、般直接力口 " ed", 如:plant planted, visit visited, pick picked ;B、以不發(fā)音字母"e"結尾,直接加"ed",如:like - liked, hope - hoped, taste tasted ;C、以“輔音字母+y”結尾時,變“ v”為“i”再加“ed",如: try - tried, study studied ;D、有些動詞要雙寫最后一個字母,再加"ed",如:stop - stopp

54、ed ;E、還有很多動詞的過去式是不規(guī)則的,請記憶: -am(be)-was、-are(be)-were ;begin-began ; buy-bought;can-could ; catch-caught;come-came ; do, does-did ;draw-drew ; drink-drank;eat-ate ; feel-felt;find-found ; fly-flew ;forget-forgot ; get-got;give-gave ; go-went ;grow-grew ; have, has-had ;hear-heard ; keep-kept; know-kn

55、ew ; let-let; make-made;may-might ;mean-meant; meet-met ;put-put ; read-read ; ride-rode ; ring-rang ; run-ran ;say-said ; see-saw ; shall-should ; sing-sang ; sit-sat ; sleep-slept ; speak-spoke ; spend-spent 。5、動詞(v.)名詞(n.)1)詞形不變,詞性改變。例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作動詞,也可以用作名詞。2) 一些動詞在詞尾加上-er或-or之后就變成了表示“某一類人”的名詞。例如:workworker, teach teacher, sing singer, jump ju

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