定語從句復(fù)習(xí)1

1、基礎(chǔ)知識回顧基礎(chǔ)知識回顧: 關(guān)系詞及其意義關(guān)系詞及其意義指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所屬關(guān)系所屬關(guān)系 指地點(diǎn)指地點(diǎn) 指時間指時間 指原因指原因 who, whom, that, aswhich, that, aswhosewherewhenwhy關(guān)關(guān)系系代代詞詞關(guān)關(guān)系系副副詞詞歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)做題技巧做題技巧?先分析定語從句中缺少什么成分先分析定語從句中缺少什么成分1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the

2、place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/whichVt.Vt.Vt.Attributive clause:限制性定語從句 restrictive非限制性定語從句non-restrictive是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語， 如果去

3、掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切， 寫時不用逗號分開。和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句， 寫時往往逗號分開。I was the only person who was invited in my officeJenny, with whom I played table tennisyesterday, lives in my next room.The man who came here yesterday has come again.That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teac

4、hes English at a middle school. 注意：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞不可用that，指人時用who(主語),whom(賓語)，指物時須用which.1. We should do everything _ is good for our studies.2. You can take any seat _ is free.3. This is the only thing_ we can do.4. The is the first place _ I want to visit.5. This is the most interesting book _ I

5、have ever read.6. We talked about the things and persons _ we were interested in.thatthatthatthatthatthat考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1：that 與與 which7. There is little _ I can do to make up for the lost time. 8. Our school is no longer the place _ it used to be.當(dāng)先行詞是事物時， 只用that不用which的情況thatthat1. 先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞all, every

6、thing, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one.2. 先行詞被先行詞被all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none修飾時修飾時3. 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時修飾時4.先行詞被先行詞被數(shù)詞數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞修飾時修飾時5.先行詞是先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時修飾時6. 先行詞既先行詞既有人又有物有

7、人又有物時時7. 先行詞在從句中做先行詞在從句中做表語表語時時8. 主句以主句以there be開頭開頭Got it!1. This is the train by _ we went to Beijing.2. Football, _ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.whichwhich只用只用which不用不用that的情況指物，的情況指物，1.介詞介詞后。后。2. 用于用于非限制定語從句非限制定語從句中中做題技巧做題技巧?填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.The way _he ex

8、plained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺狀語缺狀語缺賓語缺賓語考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2：the way用做先行詞用做先行詞the way 做先行詞時做先行詞時,先看后面定語從句中是否缺少先看后面定語從句中是否缺少主語或賓語主語或賓語:缺少主語或賓語缺少主語或賓語:引導(dǎo)詞用引導(dǎo)詞用that / which / 不填不填(缺賓語時缺賓語時)主語賓語都不缺主語賓語都不缺:引

9、導(dǎo)詞用引導(dǎo)詞用that / in which / 不填不填考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2：the way用做先行詞用做先行詞3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北）湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which高考題鏈接：高考題鏈接：考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3：介詞：介詞+關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2. I still remember the day _ _ I firs

10、t got to Paris.3. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.to whomwith whichon whichThis is the child who/ whom/ that I will look after.5. 譯：這是我要照顧的小孩。譯：這是我要照顧的小孩。4. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar with.which / that / 不填不填介詞的選用原則介詞的選用原則1)根據(jù)定語從句中根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞謂語動詞的的習(xí)慣搭習(xí)慣搭 配配來決

11、定。如：來決定。如：This is the camera _ I spent 6 yuan. This is the camera _ I paid 6 yuan. spend money on sth.為固定搭配為固定搭配pay money for sth.為固定搭配為固定搭配on whichfor which2)根據(jù)根據(jù)先行詞先行詞的的搭配習(xí)慣搭配習(xí)慣來決定。來決定。如：如：I remember the day _ I came to my tower of ivory.I remember the days _ I visited Paris. 強(qiáng)調(diào)在具體某一天要用介詞強(qiáng)調(diào)在具體某一天要

12、用介詞on強(qiáng)調(diào)在某幾天時間內(nèi)要用介詞強(qiáng)調(diào)在某幾天時間內(nèi)要用介詞duringon whichduring which3) 根據(jù)從句中根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞動詞與先行詞的的邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系。 Is that the newspaper _ you often write articles?for which非限制性定與從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞 + of + 關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ of

13、+關(guān)系代詞”型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.關(guān)系代詞注意3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.4. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the

14、office. Aswhich難點(diǎn)一：難點(diǎn)一：as的用法的用法asthatwhich1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.asthat歸納歸納：as引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句限制性定語從句先行詞前常被先行詞前常被such, the same, so, as 修飾，即構(gòu)成修飾，即構(gòu)成suchas , the same as, soas, 結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時容易忽略。結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時容易忽略。as在定語從句中應(yīng)充在定語從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分如：主語、賓語或表語。當(dāng)成分如：主語

15、、賓語或表語。as 與與which引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語從句位于但定語從句位于句首句首時，只能用時，只能用 as, 意為意為“正如正如、恰恰如如”。難點(diǎn)一：難點(diǎn)一：as的用法的用法做題技巧做題技巧?當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)such 或或so 時時,看后面從句是否看后面從句是否缺主語或賓語缺主語或賓語:(1)缺缺主語或賓語主語或賓語,從句前用從句前用as(2)不缺不缺主語和賓語主語和賓語,從句前用從句前用that當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)the same時時, 后面從句缺主語后面從句缺主語或賓語時與或賓語時與as搭配表搭配表同一類同一類事物

16、事物,與與that搭配搭配表表同一個同一個事物事物1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。 where引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是 表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。難點(diǎn)二：一些特殊詞之后的

17、難點(diǎn)二：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：解析：如果定語從句分別修飾如果定語從句分別修飾point, situation, part, stage, condition，position和和case等表示抽象意義的詞，等表示抽象意義的詞，常用常用where 引導(dǎo)，意思是引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境到了某種地步，在某種境況中況中” 。1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山東）山東） A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do y

18、ou have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . （06江西）江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /高考題鏈接：高考題鏈接：做題要靈活：要分析句子成分，選擇做題要靈活：要分析句子成分，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。 wherethat1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. where定語從句定語從句that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型綜合考查一：定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句綜合考查一：定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smi