2.路由器交換機(jī)配置基礎(chǔ)

1、創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏啟動(dòng)界面 - System Configuration Dialog - At any point you may enter a question mark ? for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets .Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: yesEnter IP address: ip_addressEnter IP netmask: ip

2、_netmaskWould you like to enter a default gateway address? yes: yesIP address of the default gateway: ip_addressEnter a host name: host_nameEnter enable secret: secret_passwordWould you like to configure a Telnet password? yes yesEnter Telnet password: telnet_passwordWould you like to enable as a cl

3、uster command switch? noEnter cluster name: cls_name創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏路由器對話模式n任何時(shí)候可以按任何時(shí)候可以按ctrl+c鍵退出對話模式鍵退出對話模式創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏出廠缺省配置 - System Configuration Dialog -Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: yesAt any point you may enter a question mark ? for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any p

4、rompt.Default settings are in square brackets .Basic management setup configures only enough connectivityfor management of the system, extended setup will ask youto configure each interface on the systemWould you like to enter basic management setup? yes/no: no創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏缺省端口狀態(tài)First, would you like to

5、 see the current interface summary? yes:InterfaceIP-AddressOK?Method Status ProtocolBRI0unassignedYES unset administratively down downBRI0:1unassignedYES unset administratively down downBRI0:2unassignedYES unset administratively down downEthernet0unassignedYES unset administratively down downSerial0

6、unassignedYES unset administratively down down創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏缺省全局配置Configuring global parameters: Enter host name Router:wg_ro_c The enable secret is a password used to protect access to privileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password, after entered, becomes encrypted in the configuration. Enter en

7、able secret: cisco The enable password is used when you do not specify an enable secret password, with some older software versions, and some boot images. Enter enable password: sanfran The virtual terminal password is used to protect access to the router over a network interface. Enter virtual term

8、inal password: sanjose Configure SNMP Network Management? no:創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏缺省協(xié)議配置 Configure LAT? yes: no Configure AppleTalk? no: Configure DECnet? no: Configure IP? yes: Configure IGRP routing? yes: no Configure RIP routing? no: Configure CLNS? no: Configure IPX? no: Configure Vines? no: Configure XNS?

9、no: Configure Apollo? no:創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏缺省端口配置BRI interface needs isdn switch-type to be configured Valid switch types are : 0 none.Only if you dont want to configure BRI. 1 basic-1tr6.1TR6 switch type for Germany2 basic-5ess.AT&T 5ESS switch type for the US/Canada3 basic-dms100.Northern DMS-100 switc

10、h type for US/Canada 4 basic-net3.NET3 switch type for UK and Europe5 basic-ni.National ISDN switch type6 basic-ts013.TS013 switch type for Australia7 ntt.NTT switch type for Japan8 vn3.VN3 and VN4 switch types for France Choose ISDN BRI Switch Type 2:Configuring interface parameters:Do you want to

11、configure BRI0 (BRI d-channel) interface? no:Do you want to configure Ethernet0 interface? no: yes Configure IP on this interface? no: yes IP address for this interface: 3 Subnet mask for this interface : Class A network is , 24 subnet bits; mask is /24Do you

12、want to configure Serial0 interface? no:創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏配置模式創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏Exec用戶模式用戶模式用戶模式 對交換機(jī)和路由器的有限操作對交換機(jī)和路由器的有限操作 命令提示符為命令提示符為 hostname模式一模式一:創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏用戶模式wg_ro_c?Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry atmsig Execute Atm Signalling Commands cd Change current device clear Reset fun

13、ctions connect Open a terminal connection dir List files on given device disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lat Open a lat connection lock

14、 Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC- More -創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏Exec特權(quán)模式特權(quán)特權(quán)(或或enabled)模式模式 對交換機(jī)和路由器更深入的操作對交換機(jī)和路由器更深入的操作 有配置和監(jiān)視權(quán)力有配置和監(jiān)視權(quán)力 是進(jìn)入其它配置模式的前提是進(jìn)入其它配置模式的前提 命令提示符為命令提示符為 hostname#模式二模式二 (也是最常用的模式也是最常用的模式):創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏特權(quán)模式wg_ro_c#?Exec commands: access-enable Create

15、a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface access-template Create a temporary Access-List entry bfe For manual emergency modes setting cd Change current directory clear Reset functions clock Manage the system clock configure Enter configuration mode connect Open a t

16、erminal connection copy Copy from one file to another debug Debugging functions (see also undebug) delete Delete a file dir List files on a filesystem disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands erase Erase a filesystem

17、 exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system- More -創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏模式切換創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏模式切換（續(xù)）Configuration Modes: Global configuration mode wg_sw_a#configure terminal wg_sw_a(config)# Interface configuration mode wg_sw_a(config)#interface e0/1 wg_sw_a(config-if)#創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏幫助機(jī)制上下文關(guān)聯(lián)幫助上

18、下文關(guān)聯(lián)幫助錯(cuò)誤信息提示錯(cuò)誤信息提示指出所輸入交換機(jī)命令的錯(cuò)誤所指出所輸入交換機(jī)命令的錯(cuò)誤所在，以便于修改或糾正在，以便于修改或糾正.可以重新調(diào)出以前運(yùn)行過的命令可以重新調(diào)出以前運(yùn)行過的命令，用來再次運(yùn)行、查看或修改，用來再次運(yùn)行、查看或修改. 之前命令保存區(qū)之前命令保存區(qū)提供命令清單和與特定命令提供命令清單和與特定命令相關(guān)聯(lián)的參數(shù)相關(guān)聯(lián)的參數(shù). 創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏上下文幫助信息Router# clock set 19:56:00% Incomplete command.Router# clock set 19:56:00 ? Day of the monthMONTH Month of th

19、e yearRouter# clock set 19:56:00 04 8 % Invalid input detected at the markerRouter# clock set 19:56:00 04 August% Incomplete command.Router# clock set 19:56:00 04 August ? Year 命令提示命令提示 格式檢查格式檢查 命令提示命令提示創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏增強(qiáng)行編輯命令(一行中長字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷一行中長字串會(huì)自動(dòng)滾卷).光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開始位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的開始位置.光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置光標(biāo)移動(dòng)到命令行的結(jié)束位置.回移

20、一個(gè)單詞回移一個(gè)單詞下移一個(gè)字符下移一個(gè)字符.回移一個(gè)字符回移一個(gè)字符.下移一個(gè)單詞下移一個(gè)單詞刪除當(dāng)前字符刪除當(dāng)前字符Router$ value for customers, employees, and partners.創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏查看歷史命令Ctrl-P or Up arrow調(diào)出最近調(diào)出最近(前一前一)使用過的命令使用過的命令Ctrl-N or Down arrow調(diào)出更近使用過的命令調(diào)出更近使用過的命令Router show history顯示命令保存區(qū)內(nèi)容顯示命令保存區(qū)內(nèi)容Router terminal history size lines 設(shè)置命令緩沖區(qū)大小設(shè)置命令緩沖區(qū)

21、大小創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏標(biāo)記信息n為路由器設(shè)置基本的標(biāo)記信息為路由器設(shè)置基本的標(biāo)記信息創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏密碼配置Password和和secret的密碼區(qū)別是的密碼區(qū)別是secret會(huì)自會(huì)自動(dòng)對密碼進(jìn)行加密，動(dòng)對密碼進(jìn)行加密，而而password仍保持明文顯示仍保持明文顯示創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏控制口配置Router(config)#line console 0Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0 Router(config)#line console 0Router(config-line)#logging synchronous 阻止會(huì)話退出阻止會(huì)話退出 使光標(biāo)

22、還原到原來的位置，重新顯示被覆蓋的命里使光標(biāo)還原到原來的位置，重新顯示被覆蓋的命里創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏端口配置Router(config)# interface type portRouter(config)# interface type slot/portRouter(config-if)# shutdown關(guān)閉該接口而不影響該接口的其它配置項(xiàng)關(guān)閉該接口而不影響該接口的其它配置項(xiàng)Router(config-if)# no shutdown 啟動(dòng)被關(guān)閉的接口啟動(dòng)被關(guān)閉的接口Router(config-if)# exit 從當(dāng)前配置模式中退出從當(dāng)前配置模式中退出Router(config)# i

23、nterface type number.subinterface 在指定一個(gè)基本接口后在指定一個(gè)基本接口后,使用這個(gè)命令在這個(gè)接口上建立一個(gè)虛擬接口使用這個(gè)命令在這個(gè)接口上建立一個(gè)虛擬接口 接口類型接口類型: serial, ethernet, tokenring, fddi, hssi, loopback,dialer, null, async, atm, bri, and tunnel創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏配置舉例wg_ro_c#configure terminalwg_ro_c(config)#interface ethernet 0/1wg_ro_c(config-if)#ip addr

24、ess wg_ro_c(config-if)#no shutdownwg_ro_c(config-if)#exit創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏Show interfacewg_sw_a#show interfaces ethernet 0/1Ethernet 0/1 is Enabled Hardware is Built-in 10Base-TAddress is 0050.BD73.E2C1MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbits802.1d STP State: Forwarding Forward Transitions: 1

25、Port monitoring: DisabledUnknown unicast flooding: Enabled Unregistered multicast flooding: Enabled Description: Duplex setting: Half duplex Back pressure: Disabled-More-創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏查看端口信息Router#show interfacesEthernet0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is Lance, address is 00e0.1e5d.ae2f (bia 00e0.1

26、e5d.ae2f) Internet address is 1/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Last input 00:00:07, output 00:00:08, output hang never Last clearing of show interface

27、counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 81833 packets input, 27556491 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 42308 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 1 input

28、 errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 1 ignored, 0 abort 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 55794 packets output, 3929696 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 4 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 output buffer failures, 0 o

29、utput buffers swapped out創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏端口狀態(tài)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏串口狀態(tài)Router#show interface serial 0Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is /24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)

30、Last input 00:00:09, output 00:00:04, output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max

31、total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec(output omitted) BW 64 Kbit,創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏配置串口進(jìn)入配置模式進(jìn)入配置模式Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000Router(config-if)#Router(config)#interface serial 0 Router(co

32、nfig-if)#Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#exitRouter#特定端口特定端口設(shè)置時(shí)鐘設(shè)置時(shí)鐘 (僅在僅在DCE端配置端配置)設(shè)置帶寬設(shè)置帶寬(推薦設(shè)置推薦設(shè)置)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏串口線檢查Router#show controller serial 0HD unit 0, idb = 0 x121C04, driver structure at 0 x127078buffer size 1524 HD u

33、nit 0, V.35 DTE cable.創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏配置缺省網(wǎng)關(guān)wg_sw_a(config)#ip default-gateway ip addressExample:wg_sw_a(config)#ip default-gateway 創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏查看初始配置wg_sw_a#show version 查看設(shè)備的軟硬件信息、啟動(dòng)文件等信息查看設(shè)備的軟硬件信息、啟動(dòng)文件等信息 wg_sw_a#show running-configuration 查看設(shè)備的現(xiàn)行配置查看設(shè)備的現(xiàn)行配置wg_sw_a#show interfaces 查看端口的配置和狀態(tài)查看端口的配置和狀態(tài)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，合作共贏Show versionwg_sw_a#show versionCisco Catalyst 1900/2820 Enterprise Editi