直接英語變間接英語

1、直接引語變間接引語詳解一、如何變?nèi)朔Q:學(xué)生在將直接引語變間接引語時(shí)。常常弄不清人稱變化。下面 有一句順口溜 “ 一隨主。二隨賓,第三人稱不更新 ” 。1“ 一隨主 ” 是指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí),如果從句中的主語是 第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾, 從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人 稱變化。如:She said,My brother wants to go with me. She said her brother wanted to go with her.2 “ 二隨賓 ” 是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí),若從句中的主語及賓 語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾。 從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句 的賓語一致

2、。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱,如: He said to Kate,How is your sister now?He asked Kate how her sister was then.3 “ 第三人稱不更新 ” 是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)。如果從句中 的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾, 從句中的人稱一般不 需要變化。如:Mr Smith said,Jack is a good worker.Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.二、如何變時(shí)態(tài):1.直接引語在改為間接引語時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。 現(xiàn)在時(shí)它需改為過去時(shí)態(tài);過去時(shí)態(tài)改

3、為完成時(shí);過去完成時(shí) 則保留原來的時(shí)態(tài)。如:1She said, I have lost a pen.She said she had lost a pen.2She said, We hope so.She said they hoped so.3 She said, He will go to see his friend。 She said he would go to see his friend.(1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)(2 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)(3 一般將來時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來時(shí)(4 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)(5 一般過去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)(6 過去完成時(shí)不變,仍為過去完成時(shí)2.

4、 但要注意在以下幾種情況下。 在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化。直接引語是客觀真理。The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth” , the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:Jack said, John, where were you going when I met you in t

5、he street?Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語,變?yōu)殚g 接引語時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:Xiao Wang said, I was born on April 2l, 1980. Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的 動(dòng)作,變間接引語,時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:He said, I get up at six every morning. He said he g

6、ets up at six every morning.如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例:had better, used to和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí), (例:could, should, would, might 不再變。如:Peter said,You had better come have today. Peter said I had better go there that day.三、如何變狀語:直接引語變間接引語,狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)津,時(shí)間狀語由 “ 現(xiàn) 在 ” 改為 “ 原來 ” (例:now 變?yōu)?then, yesterday。 變?yōu)?the day befo

7、re 地點(diǎn)狀語,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代詞修飾的狀語,由 “ 此 ” 改 為 “ 彼 ” (例:this 改為 that, 如:He said, These books are mine. He said those books were his.指示代詞 this these that those表示時(shí)間的詞 now then today that daythis week(month ,etc that week (month ,etcyesterday the day beforelast week(month ,etc the week(month ,etc beforethree

8、 days (a year ,etc ago three days (a year. etc beforetomorrow the next (following daynext week (month ,etc the next (following week(month ,etc表地點(diǎn)的詞 here there動(dòng)詞 bring take come go四、如何變句型:直接引語如果是陳述句,間接引語應(yīng)改為由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語 從句。如:She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes.She said that their bus would a

9、rrive in five minutes.直接引語如果是反意疑問句,選擇疑問句或一般疑問句,間 接引語應(yīng)改為由 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 .如:He said, Can you swim, John?He asked John if he could swim.You have finished the homework, havent you? my mother asked.My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?He ask

10、ed me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引語如果是特殊問句,間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或 疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(賓語從句必須用陳述句語序。She asked me, When do they have their dinner? She asked me when they had their dinner.直接引語如果是祈使句, 間接引語應(yīng)改為 tell(ask, order, beg等 sb (not to do sth.句型。如:Dont make any noise, she said to the children.She tol

11、d (ordered the children not to make any noise. Bring me a cup of tea, please, said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引語如果是以 “Lets” 開頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí), 通常用 “suggest +動(dòng)句詞(或從句。 ” 如:He said, Lets go to the film.He suggested going to the film.或 He suggested that they should go to see the film.Exe

12、rcise1. 選擇( 1 I asked him how much_.A does his new car cost Bdid his new car costC his new car costed Dhis new car cost( 2Do you know _.A what hes looking forBwhat is he looking forC what does he look for Dhis is looking for( 3Im not sure _.A what is his name. Bwhat his name is.C his name is what Dw

13、hats his name( 4I dont know_.A when he will come back Bwhen will he come back Cwhen does he come back Dwhen did he come back ( 5Could you tell me where _ now?Ayou are living B do you liveCyou live Ddid you live( 6He didn t know _he should go or not.Aif B weather Cthat Dwhether 2 把直接引語變成間接引語。 把直接引語變成

14、間接引語。 1She says,”I am a teacher.” She says 2She said,”I am a teacher.” She said 3“Are you from Japan?”he says to me. He ( me 4“Are you from Japan?”he said to me. He ( me 5“When does the train arrive?” Please tell me. Please tell me 6“When does the train arrive?” Please told me. Please told me 7“Dont

15、 make any noise.”Mother says to Tom. Mother ( Tom 8“open the window.” Mr Li said to me. Mr Li ( me 9“Would you like to show me your book?” Kate says to me. Kate ( me 10“We go to school on Saturday.” They say 6 11“I want to give your sister a Christmas card.” Kelly says 12“I will visit my daughter in March.” He says 13She says, “Im glad to meet you.” She tells us 14“I am a teacher.” He said 15“We are at the coffee shop.” They said 16“I dont have any books about animals.” Rik told Annie 17