動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化

1、一、AAA型，即原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞三者都相同。(共9個(gè))costcostcost cutcutcuthithithit hurthurthurt letlet letputputput readreadreadsetsetset shutshutshut二、ABB型，即過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞相同。(共41個(gè))1 過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都含有-ought。(3個(gè))bringbroughtbrought buy boughtboughtthinkthoughtthought2 詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。(4個(gè))buildbuiltbuilt lendlent lentsendsentse

2、nt spendspent spent3 過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都含有-aught。(2個(gè))catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught4 把-eep變?yōu)?ept。(3個(gè))keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweep sweptswept5 把-ell變?yōu)?old。(2個(gè))telltoldtold sellsoldsold6 過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個(gè))smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspelt feelfelt feltspillspiltspilt7 過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個(gè))learnl

3、earntlearnt meanmeantmeant poilspoiltspoilt8 過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞詞尾是d。(4個(gè))saysaidsaid paypaidpaid laylaidlaid hearheardheard9 改變?cè)糇帜浮?11個(gè))meetmetmet getgotgot sitsatsatfind foundfound holdheldheld spitspatspatshine shoneshone winwonwon hanghunghungdig dugdug loselostlost10 改變輔音字母。(1個(gè))makemademade11 改變?cè)?、輔音字母。(4個(gè)

4、)leaveleftleft standstoodstood have(has) hadhadunderstandunderstoodunderstood三、ABC型，即原形、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都不相同。(共35個(gè))1 iau變化。(6個(gè))beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunksing sangsung ringrangrungswimswamswum sink sanksunk2 詞尾為-ow，-aw時(shí)，過(guò)去式將其變?yōu)?ew，過(guò)去分詞在其原形后加n。(5個(gè))blowblewblown drawdrewdrawngrow grewgrown knowknewknownth

5、rowthrewthrown(show除外)3 詞尾為“i+輔(1個(gè))+e”，過(guò)去式將i變?yōu)閛，過(guò)去分詞多在原形后加n，若那個(gè)輔音字母為d或t，須雙寫(xiě)d或t后加n。(4個(gè))(give，hide除外)drivedrovedriven writewrotewrittenride roderidden riseroserisen4 過(guò)去分詞在過(guò)去式后加(e)n。(5個(gè))breakbrokebroken choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozen speakspokespokenwakewoke woken5 過(guò)去分詞由過(guò)去式加-ten構(gòu)成。(1個(gè))forgetforgotf

6、orgotten6 過(guò)去分詞由原形加(e)n構(gòu)成。(6個(gè))bewas(were)been eatateeatenfallfellfallen givegavegivenseesawseen hidehidhidden(hid)7 詞尾為-ake時(shí)，過(guò)去式將其變?yōu)?ook，過(guò)去分詞在原形詞后加-n。(2個(gè))taketooktaken mistakemistookmistaken8 原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都不相同。(6個(gè))dodiddone flyflewflown gowentgonelielaylain showshowedshown wearworeworn四、AAB型，即過(guò)去式和原形相同。

7、(1個(gè))beatbeatbeaten五、ABA型，即過(guò)去分詞和原形相同。(3個(gè))comecamecome becomebecamebecomerun ranrun六、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞型，只有原形和過(guò)去式，沒(méi)有過(guò)去分詞。(4個(gè))cancould maymight willwould shallshould一、 原形、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞相同：cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut(細(xì)心的你一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的。)二、 原形、過(guò)去式相同，過(guò)去分詞不同：beat/beat/beaten三、 原形、過(guò)去分詞相同，過(guò)去式不同：come/came/come bec

8、ome/became/become run/ran/run(come，become，屬不規(guī)則變化，但welcome屬規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞為：welcomed，welcomed)四、 過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞相同：(1) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)emeet/met/met feed/fed/fed(2) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e,然后再在詞尾加tfeel/felt/felt sleep/slept/sleptkeep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept(3) 詞尾為的ll 去掉一個(gè)l加tspell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt spill/sp

9、ilt/spilt(4) 過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught bring/brought/broughtbuy/bought/bought think/thought/thought(5) 將stand改為stoodstand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood(6) 將ay改為aidlay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid say/said/said(7) 將d改為tlend/lent/lent send/sent/sentspend/s

10、pent/spent build/built/built(8) 將i改為a , o, u等sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spatdig/dug/dug win/won/won(9) 將ell改為oldtell/told/told sell/sold/sold(10) 詞尾加tlearn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meantdream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt(11) 有兩種過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞, 一種是不規(guī)則的, 一種是規(guī)則的：learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learnedshine

11、/shone/shone shine/shined/shinedhang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hangedsmell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelledburn/burnt/burnt burn/burned/burnedlight/lii/lit light/lighted/lighted(12) 其它have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heardshoot/shot/shot lose/lost/losthold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)find/found/found

12、make/made/madeleave/left/left五、三者均不同：(1) 過(guò)去式以ew結(jié)尾、過(guò)去分詞以own結(jié)尾blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flowngrow/grew/grown know/knew/knownthrow/threw/thrown值得注意的是:show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn(2)改i為a變成過(guò)去式、改i為u變成過(guò)去分詞begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunkring/rang/rung sing/sang/sungswim/swam/swum sink/sank/su

13、nk(3)改i為o變成過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞以n結(jié)尾drive/drove/driven write/wrote/writtenrise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden(4) 原形后加n變成過(guò)去分詞drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen eat/ate/eatengive/gave/given fall/fell/fallen(5) 過(guò)去式后加n變成過(guò)去分詞break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosenfreeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistakensteal/stole/st

14、olen speak/spoke/spokentake/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)(6)其它be/was或were/been do/did/done forget/forgot/forgottengo/went/gone hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seenwear/wore/worn六、 有兩種過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞，但詞義相同。wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/wakedsink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken七、動(dòng)詞因其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義：shine、ha

15、ng的兩種過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞：shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮hung/hung懸掛hanged/hanged絞死八、兩個(gè)既可以做過(guò)去式，又可以做動(dòng)詞原形的詞lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現(xiàn)在分詞)lay放，下蛋l(fā)aid/laid/layingfind 找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/foundfound 創(chuàng)建，成立 found/founded/founded九、根據(jù)動(dòng)詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來(lái)記憶(一)詞義相對(duì)：(1) come/came/come來(lái) go/went/gone去(2) give/gave/given給get/got/got(AmE gotten)獲得(

16、3) sleep/slept/slept睡覺(jué)wake/woke/woken (或woke)或wake/waked/waked 醒來(lái)(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉(5) buy/bought/bought買(mǎi) sell/sold/sold出售, 賣(mài)(6) take/took/taken帶去bring/brought/brought 帶來(lái)(7) teach/taught/taught教learn/learnt/learnt或learn/learne

17、d/learned學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會(huì)(8) lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗find/found/found找到win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝(9) stand/stood/stood站、立sit/sat/sat坐(10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、發(fā)送get/got/got獲得、收到(二)詞義相近：(1) beat/beat/beaten 打, 打敗win/won/won贏得、獲勝(2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 認(rèn)識(shí)(3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)變成、成

18、為、變得become/became/become 變成, 成為, 變得go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成(4) spend/spent/spent 花費(fèi)、度過(guò)pay/paid/paid 支付、交納cost/cost/cost花費(fèi)、價(jià)值為take/took/taken花費(fèi)(5) say/said/said說(shuō)、講speak/spoke/spoken說(shuō)、演講tell/told/told 告訴、說(shuō)、吩咐、斷定talk/talked/talked談話, 講, 談?wù)? 議論記憶法三：1.無(wú)變化，過(guò)去式與原形相同。letlet, putput, hithit, mustmust, setset, beatbeat, castcast, costcost, cutcut, hurthurt, readred, shutshut(shedshed splitsplit spreadspread burstburst)2.元音字母的變化。ia: beginbegan, drinkdrank, ringrang, singsang, swimswam, givegave, sitsat, sinksankio: drivedrove, riderode, shineshone, writewrote, riserose, winwon,(strivestrove a