高三化學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題2 第1單元 氧化還原反應(yīng)課件 蘇教版 (280)

1、四、復(fù)合句寫作導(dǎo)練四、復(fù)合句寫作導(dǎo)練( (二二)定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句寫作要領(lǐng)寫作要領(lǐng)名師指導(dǎo)名師指導(dǎo)即時(shí)演練即時(shí)演練寫作要領(lǐng)寫作要領(lǐng) 在復(fù)合句中起定語(yǔ)作用的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的主要有在復(fù)合句中起定語(yǔ)作用的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的主要有關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whosethat,which,who,whom,whose和關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系副詞when,where,whywhen,where,why兩大兩大類。關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)類。關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ); ;關(guān)系副詞在從句關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。中作狀語(yǔ)。 此外還

2、有此外還有as;the same.as.;such.as.as;the same.as.;such.as.句式。句式。1.1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that(that(指人、物指人、物),which(),which(指物指物),who(),who(指人指人, ,主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)/ /賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)),whom(),whom(指人指人, ,賓賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)),whose(),whose(指人、物指人、物, ,作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)) )我想采訪的人是楊利偉。我想采訪的人是楊利偉。The person whomThe person whom I would like to interview is Yang

3、 Liwei. I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.(2015(2015安徽安徽) )歡迎任何感興趣的同學(xué)參加。歡迎任何感興趣的同學(xué)參加。Any student whoAny student who is interested is welcome to participate. is interested is welcome to participate.(2016 (2016 全國(guó)全國(guó) )最后最后, ,我們把做的面人放在桌子上我們把做的面人放在桌子上, ,并且與老藝人一起拍照。并且與老藝人一起拍照。Finally,we put Finally,

4、we put the figurines thatthe figurines that we made on the table and we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsmantook pictures with the old craftsman.(2015.(2015北京北京) )研究人員在分析一個(gè)人的唾液樣本的基礎(chǔ)上取得了很大的進(jìn)展。研究人員在分析一個(gè)人的唾液樣本的基礎(chǔ)上取得了很大的進(jìn)展。Researchers have made great progress in Researchers have ma

5、de great progress in the study whichthe study which depends on analyzing a persons saliva sampledepends on analyzing a persons saliva sample.(2015.(2015廣東廣東) )我住在窗戶朝南開的房子里。我住在窗戶朝南開的房子里。I live in I live in the house whosethe house whose windows open to the south. windows open to the south.2.2.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的

6、定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句when (when (指時(shí)間指時(shí)間, ,作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)),where(),where(指地點(diǎn)指地點(diǎn), ,作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)),why (),why (指原因指原因, ,作作狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)) )。這張圖片向我們展示了一個(gè)感人的時(shí)刻這張圖片向我們展示了一個(gè)感人的時(shí)刻, ,一個(gè)小女孩過(guò)來(lái)迎接她的一個(gè)小女孩過(guò)來(lái)迎接她的媽媽。媽媽。The picture shows us a touching moment The picture shows us a touching moment whenwhen a little girl a little girl comes to greet

7、 her es to greet her mom.春天描繪的是一個(gè)寒冷和死亡逐漸消失而溫暖和生命逐漸回歸的世界。春天描繪的是一個(gè)寒冷和死亡逐漸消失而溫暖和生命逐漸回歸的世界。Spring pictures a world Spring pictures a world wherewhere cold and death are fading away cold and death are fading away while warmth and life are coming backwhile warmth and life are coming back.(2016 .(2016 四川四川

8、) )這就是為什么我建議另一類書這就是為什么我建議另一類書: :文學(xué)書籍。文學(xué)書籍。That is That is the reason whythe reason why I recommend another category of books: I recommend another category of books:literary books.literary books.3.as3.as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句asas引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí), ,指代主句全部?jī)?nèi)容或部分內(nèi)容指代主句全部?jī)?nèi)容或部分內(nèi)容, ,在從句中作在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。常常譯為主語(yǔ)、

9、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。常常譯為“正如、像正如、像”?？芍糜诰涫?。可置于句首, ,也可放在句也可放在句尾。在高考寫作中尾。在高考寫作中, ,常用于圖表類作文中。常用于圖表類作文中。正如我們從表中所看到的正如我們從表中所看到的, ,我們班比他們班的男孩多。我們班比他們班的男孩多。AsAs we can see from the table,there are more boys in our class we can see from the table,there are more boys in our class than in theirs.than in theirs.such.assuch.as

10、作作 “好像好像那那( (這這) )樣的樣的”講講,the same.as,the same.as作作“與與( (跟跟) )一樣一樣”講。這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的講。這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的asas都是關(guān)系代詞。都是關(guān)系代詞。我想買一件和湯姆穿的一樣的我想買一件和湯姆穿的一樣的T T恤衫。恤衫。I want to buy I want to buy the same T-shirt asthe same T-shirt as Tom is wearing. Tom is wearing.我還想知道他在太空中的感受我還想知道他在太空中的感受, ,以及太空旅行是否像我讀過(guò)的那樣以及太空旅行是否像我讀過(guò)的那樣有趣。有趣

11、。I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is space travel is suchsuch great fun great fun asas I have read I have read.(2015.(2015安徽安徽) )4.4.限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起限定、修飾作用限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起限定、修飾作

12、用, ,與主句的關(guān)系很緊湊。如與主句的關(guān)系很緊湊。如果去掉果去掉, ,會(huì)影響句子意思的完整性。會(huì)影響句子意思的完整性。我們學(xué)校在過(guò)去的三年中發(fā)生的巨大變化給我留下非常深刻的印象。我們學(xué)校在過(guò)去的三年中發(fā)生的巨大變化給我留下非常深刻的印象。I am deeply impressed by I am deeply impressed by the great changes thatthe great changes that have taken have taken place in our school over the past three years.place in our schoo

13、l over the past three years.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)主句內(nèi)容或先行詞的補(bǔ)充、解釋或附加說(shuō)明。主非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)主句內(nèi)容或先行詞的補(bǔ)充、解釋或附加說(shuō)明。主句或先行詞與從句之間一般用逗號(hào)分開句或先行詞與從句之間一般用逗號(hào)分開, ,常常單獨(dú)翻譯常常單獨(dú)翻譯, ,沒(méi)有它沒(méi)有它, ,主句意主句意思仍然完整。思仍然完整。我教過(guò)一些外國(guó)人普通話我教過(guò)一些外國(guó)人普通話, ,這讓我在教學(xué)上有很多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這讓我在教學(xué)上有很多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。I have taught some foreigners Mandarin,whichI have taught some foreigners Mand

14、arin,which makes me have makes me have much experience in teachingmuch experience in teaching.(2015.(2015四川四川) )最后最后, ,我想問(wèn)幾個(gè)關(guān)于他個(gè)人生活的問(wèn)題我想問(wèn)幾個(gè)關(guān)于他個(gè)人生活的問(wèn)題, ,那一定很有趣。那一定很有趣。Finally,I would like to ask Finally,I would like to ask a few questions about his personal a few questions about his personal life,whi

15、chlife,which must be very interesting must be very interesting.(2015.(2015安徽安徽) )在幾次英語(yǔ)課活動(dòng)中在幾次英語(yǔ)課活動(dòng)中, ,我成功地幫助了她我成功地幫助了她, ,這得到了老師和同學(xué)們的這得到了老師和同學(xué)們的贊賞。贊賞。Successfully, Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class,wh

16、ichEnglish activities of my class,which have been appreciated by have been appreciated by both teachers and my classmatesboth teachers and my classmates.(2015.(2015陜西陜西) )5.“5.“介詞介詞+ +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞” 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句在書面表達(dá)中在書面表達(dá)中, ,根據(jù)實(shí)際情況根據(jù)實(shí)際情況, ,當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)某一介詞賓語(yǔ)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)某一介詞賓語(yǔ), ,且該介詞且該介詞被提到從句句首時(shí)被提到從句句首時(shí), ,就構(gòu)成就構(gòu)成

17、“介詞介詞+ +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。同時(shí)同時(shí), ,他們彼此交換思想感情他們彼此交換思想感情, ,通過(guò)這他們可能會(huì)獲得更多的知識(shí)。通過(guò)這他們可能會(huì)獲得更多的知識(shí)。Meanwhile,they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, Meanwhile,they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through whichthrough which they probably acquire more knowledge. they probably acquir

18、e more knowledge.(2015(2015重慶重慶) )名師指導(dǎo)名師指導(dǎo) 定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)復(fù)雜。歷年高考書面表達(dá)范文中定語(yǔ)從句的運(yùn)定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)復(fù)雜。歷年高考書面表達(dá)范文中定語(yǔ)從句的運(yùn)用比比皆是。使用定語(yǔ)從句是多數(shù)考生提升其文章檔次的最為常見的表用比比皆是。使用定語(yǔ)從句是多數(shù)考生提升其文章檔次的最為常見的表現(xiàn)手法。如現(xiàn)手法。如:2015:2015年重慶卷寫作范文中年重慶卷寫作范文中Im writing to apply for Im writing to apply for “wild release”,“wild release”,in whichin which you

19、can put the books in the you can put the books in the appointed place.2016 appointed place.2016 年天津卷寫作范文中年天津卷寫作范文中During the past two During the past two weeks,we have studied in the same classroom and lived in the weeks,we have studied in the same classroom and lived in the same dormitorysame dormi

20、tory, which, which has enabled us to know each other has enabled us to know each other better. better. 以及以及20162016年江蘇卷中年江蘇卷中It makes no difference from It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, ordinary voting events, in whichin which candidates go around to seek candidates go around to s

21、eek supports.supports. 在平時(shí)寫作訓(xùn)練中應(yīng)根據(jù)不同文章的特點(diǎn)在平時(shí)寫作訓(xùn)練中應(yīng)根據(jù)不同文章的特點(diǎn), ,大膽嘗試運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句。大膽嘗試運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句。在運(yùn)用中提高駕馭復(fù)雜句的能力。在運(yùn)用中提高駕馭復(fù)雜句的能力。即時(shí)演練即時(shí)演練用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯下列句子用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯下列句子1.1.此外此外, ,我是一個(gè)在組織學(xué)?；顒?dòng)方面有豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)的外向的女孩。我是一個(gè)在組織學(xué)校活動(dòng)方面有豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)的外向的女孩。 2.2.我們班由我們班由5252位同學(xué)組成位同學(xué)組成, ,所有人都待人友好所有人都待人友好, ,學(xué)習(xí)刻苦。學(xué)習(xí)刻苦。 3.3.我認(rèn)為你總是發(fā)脾氣的原因可能是學(xué)習(xí)上的巨大壓力。我認(rèn)為你總是發(fā)

22、脾氣的原因可能是學(xué)習(xí)上的巨大壓力。 答案答案: :1.In addition,I am an outgoing girl who has rich 1.In addition,I am an outgoing girl who has rich experience in organizing school activities.experience in organizing school activities.2.Our class is made up of 52 students,all of whom are friendly 2.Our class is made up of 52

23、 students,all of whom are friendly and hard-working.and hard-working.3.I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high 3.I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study. pressure of study. 4.4.我們班自身也有問(wèn)題我們班自身也有問(wèn)題, ,其中最明顯的是學(xué)生的懶惰。其中最明顯的是學(xué)生的懶惰。 5.5.所有的鄰居都羨慕這個(gè)家庭所有的鄰居都羨慕這個(gè)家庭, ,在這個(gè)家中父母對(duì)待孩子就像朋友在這個(gè)家中父母對(duì)待孩子就像朋友 一樣。一樣。 答案答案: :4.Our class also has problems of its own,of which the 4.Our class also has problems of its own,of which the most obvious one is the students laziness.most obvious one is the students laziness.5.All the neighbors admire this f