高中英語語法定語從句總復習

1、高中英語語法定語從句總復習                              定義：用來說明主句中某一名詞或代詞（有時也可說明整個主句或主句中一部分）而起定語作用的句子叫作定語從句。一、關系帶詞引導的定語從句1. 關系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞 句子成分 用于限制從句或

2、非限制性從句 只用于限制性從句  代替人代替物代替人或物主語Whowhich 主語Whomwhichthat賓語Whose (=of whom)Whose (=of which)that 例：This is the detective who came from London.例：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.關系代詞的用法(1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, no

3、ne等不定代詞，關系代詞一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼淚。）(2) 如果先行詞被形容詞最高級以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等詞修飾，關系代詞常用that,不用which, who，或whom。    (3) 非限制性定語從句中，不能用關系代詞that,作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。There are about seven million people taking part in t

4、he election, most of whom、are well educated.(4) which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數(shù)情況下意思是與and  this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在從句中作表語，（指人作主語時多用who）僅用于限制性定語從句中。 (6) which可作表語

5、，既可指人，以可指物。指人時，一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有某種特征品性或才能的人。Which引導的定語從句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。(7) 如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體，關系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個成員，則用who。(8) 先行詞有兩個，一個指人，一個指物，關系代詞應該用that。(9) 如果先行詞是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關系代詞應該用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you?（在這的所有人

6、中誰和你一起去？）“介詞關系代詞“是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(1) “介詞關系代詞“可以引導限制性定語從句，也可以引導非限制性定語從句?！敖樵~關系代詞“結(jié)構中的介詞可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，關系代詞只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。 (2) from where為“介詞關系副詞“結(jié)構，但也可以引導定語從句。例如：We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town. (3) 像listen to, loo

7、k at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of. （這是她曾今照顧的孩子。）二、關系副詞引導的定語從句1關系副詞也可以引導定語從句關系副詞在從句中分別表示時間地點或原因。關系副詞when在從句中充當時間狀語，where 充當?shù)攸c狀語，why充當原因狀語。2. that可引導定語從句表示時間地點或原因That有時可以代替關系副詞 when, where 或者why引導定語從句表示時間地點或原因，在

8、 that引導的這種定語從句中，that也可以省去。三、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句1二者差異比較限制定語從句緊跟先行詞，引導詞同先行詞之間一般不加逗號，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關系代詞關系副詞或that來引導。非限制性定語從句僅作補充或說明，用逗號與主句隔開，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個主句，不可用that引導。2關系代詞和關系副詞的選擇依據(jù) (1) 弄清代替先行詞的關系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語的應選用關系副詞，作主語賓語或表語的可選用關系代詞。3. 先行詞與定語從句隔離定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分，構成先行詞與定語從句的隔

9、離。例如：This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.四、As在定語從句中的用法1. 引導限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句（）as多與such 或the same連用，可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。（）as 也可單獨使用，引導非限制性定語從句，作用相當于which。例如：The elephants nose is like a snake, as anybody can see. (）the same that與 the same as在意思上是不同的。2As引導的非限制性定語從句的位置as引導的非限制性定

10、語從句位置較靈活，可以位于主句前面中間或后面，一般用逗號與主句隔開，但which所引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如：As is expected, the England team won the football match.五、英語定語從句專項練習單項填空1I think youre got to the point_ a change is needed, otherwise youll fail.A. when              

11、;      B. that                C. where             D. which2The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television peo

12、ple undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A. when                    B. that              C. in which  

13、0;          D. on which3Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger.A. that               

14、0; B. by which           C. which               D. in which 4There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.A. where       

15、;        B. which         C. when                 D. that 5_ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A. Which   &

16、#160;          B. When         C. What                  D. As 6_ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are

17、making progress.A.It                     B.As                  C.That       

18、0;       D.What 7There are many people_ only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.A.who                 B.that           &

19、#160;  C.which                D.whose 8EBay,Amazon and WalMart are popular websites_people can sell goods to each other.A.where           B.which     

20、     C.when            D.whose9On his 10th birthday.Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _he believes that he can go to the wild.A.which            &

21、#160;                 B.from what           C.through which                  

22、60;  D.that10I hope_the little _I have been able to do has been of some use.A.that;that         B./;by which    C.what;what            D./;with which11The farmers use wood to build a ho

23、use_to store grains all the year around.A.with which    B.to which    C.which    D.in which 12This was a film_ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys.A.which                

24、60;   B.when               C.in which             D.there13The thought of going home to his family was allkept him happy while he was working abroad.A.that

25、          B.what         C.those        D.which14A container weighs more after air is put in_proves that air has weight.A.as        B.it 

26、60;       C.that       D.which 15Can you tell me where Peter lives?Over there.The two storey house, _there is a garden.A.near it                  

27、0; B.from which        C.in front of it              D.in front of which 16Miss Green took up the story at the point_the thief had just made off with the jewels.A.where       

28、                B.which            C.as                      

29、;    D.when17Why does she always ask you for help?There is no one else_ ,is there?A.who to turn to                               

30、B.she can turn to               C.for whom to turn                              D.for

31、 her to turn 18The year before last,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from _effects the people are still suffering.A.that                 B.whose           

32、;    C.those               D.what 19Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants, _ as the name suggests,eating doesnt take much time.A.who           

33、       B.where              C.which              D.what 20Later I want to return home but couldnt find a company _I could use_I had learnt.A

34、.where;that                                  B.where;what            C.when;what

35、                                  D.that;that 21Government reports,legal papers and most business letters are the main situations _ Eng

36、lish is used.A.when                    B.that                 C.how         

37、0;      D.where 22We hope the measures to control house prices，_ are taken by the government，will succeed.A.as                  B.when         &#

38、160;    C.since                D.after 23The boy the teachers considered _ failed in the final exam, surprised them very much.A.to be the best；which          &#

39、160;                B.as the best student；that       C.to have been studying well；it               D.such as a good stud

40、ent；which 24The president,together with his bodyguards, _ to the nuclear station _ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.A.have come；which                       B.came；in which  

41、60;     C.has come；where                        D.come；in which 25Is there a gas station around_ I can get some petrol?A.which      

42、60;                          B.what          C.where             

43、                    D.that26There was_ time_ I hated to go to school.A.a；that          B.a；when           

44、;    C.the；that         D.the；when 27It was in the very house _ was built with stones _ he spent his childhood.A.that；that                    

45、60;           B.that；where        C.which；that                           &#

46、160;  D.which；where 28These wild flowers are so special I would do _I_ them.A.what；can save                             B.all what；can to save &#

47、160;        C.what；can to save                        D.everything；can save 29I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country with farmers,_h

48、as a great effect on my life.A.that；which                                    B.when；which     &

49、#160;       C.which；that                                   D.when；who 30.Just like a voyage at sea,o

50、ur life journey, _ days are limited,is full of difficulties.A. that   B. which          C. it     D. whose 高中總復習英語定語從句專項練習卷參考答案1答案：C 解析：where在此處引導定語從句。2答案：B解析：本題考查定語從句。that引導的定語從句又在從句中作spend的賓語。3答案：D 解析：由四個選項知該空格應填入定語從句的

51、引導詞，此句意義為：people were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以先行詞scene應該與介詞in搭配。4答案：A 解析：關系副詞where引導定語從句，修飾trousers，并在定語從句中作地點狀語。全句意思為：在她擦手的褲子上留下了污跡。5答案：D 解析：從句意看，本題考查定語從句的用法，故首先排除C項。由于when在定語從句中只能作時間狀語，而題干中的定語從句缺主語，因而排除B項；as與which引導非限制性定語從句時，which引導的定語從句只能放在主句之后，而as引導的定語從句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，其中as表示“正如那樣”。as is often the case為固定詞組，意為“這是常用的事；正如常見的情形”。全句意思為“正如平常一樣，我們已經(jīng)制訂出了工作計劃”。最佳答案D。6答案：B 解析：由題干的結(jié)構及內(nèi)容看，逗號之前，應為非限制性定語從句，故選B項。全句意思為：“正如報紙上報道的那樣，兩國之間的談判取得了進展?！比暨xA項，此句應為：It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two.若選D項，此句應為：What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the tw