快速閱讀方法與文章

1、快速閱讀方法與文章 有關(guān)資料顯示，在美國(guó)，沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練的大學(xué)生閱讀中等難度文章的閱讀速度是每分鐘240-250個(gè)單詞，理解準(zhǔn)確率大約為70%。然而經(jīng)過(guò)一周共計(jì)12小時(shí)的訓(xùn)練后，每分鐘閱讀速度可達(dá)500個(gè)單詞，理解準(zhǔn)確率接近100%。 擁有快速閱讀能力，優(yōu)勢(shì)不言自明。為了幫助你掌握快速閱讀的技巧，我們編輯、整理了一批資料供你參考。你可以先研究一下如何克服快速閱讀的障礙和進(jìn)行快速閱讀的技巧。然后，大量閱讀我們?yōu)槟氵x取編的英美原版材料。這些文章大多在100-450個(gè)單詞長(zhǎng)度范圍內(nèi)，難度中等，內(nèi)容涉及各種專業(yè)和主題。每篇文章后都附有問(wèn)題及答案。請(qǐng)你以最快的速度閱讀，然后回答問(wèn)題。 閱讀技巧一 Th

2、ink of the passage as a wholeWhen you practice reading with passages shorter than book length, do not try to take in each word separately, one after the other. It is much more difficult to grasp the broad theme of the passage this way, and you will also get the stuck on individual words which may no

3、t be absolutely essential to a general understanding of the passage. It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first to get the general idea of each paragraph. Titles, paragraph headings and emphasized word can be a great help in getting this skeleton outline of the passage. It is s

4、urprising how many people do not read titles, introductions or paragraph headings. Can you, without looking back, remember the title of this passage and the heading of this paragraph? Questions:1. Reading words one at a time is bad becauseA. it hurts your eyesB. all word are equally important C. it

5、is more difficult to get the general idea of a paragraph D. some words are longer than others 2. It is a good idea to skim through a passage quickly first A. at about 350 w. P.m.(words per minute) B. to get the general idea of each paragraph C. so that you can take in each word separately D. to make

6、 sure you get to the end at least once 3. Titles and paragraph headings A. are more important than anything elseB. are surprising to many people C. can easily be remembered without looking back D. can help use get the outline of a passage Answers : C, B, D 閱讀技巧二 Obstacles to faster effective reading

7、 Perhaps you have seen very young children or very old people-learning to read. They move the index finger along the line of print, pointing to each word, sometimes even to individual letters, saying the word or letters to themselves in a low voice. This is called "vocalizing." Sometimes t

8、he learner makes no sound though his lips may move to form the words, sometimes there is not even any perceptible movement of the mouth at all, but the learner is still activating his throat muscles slightly to 'say' the words to himself. He is still vocalizing. Look at 'you', the se

9、cond word of this passage. Even if you look straight at the 'o' of that word, without moving your eyes at all you can clearly see 'perhaps' and 'have' on either side. So you can read three words at once. When you are reading well, your eyes will be one or two groups ahead of

10、the one your mind is taking in. Practice on something easy and interesting Many students try to increase their effective reading speed become discouraged when they find that if they try to race through a passage faster, they fail to take in what they have read. At the end, they have been so busy 

11、9;reading faster' that they cannot remember what the passage was about. The problem here is that the material they are practicing on is either too difficult for them in vocabulary or content, or not sufficiently interesting. We hope that the passages in this book will be both interesting and fai

12、rly easy, but you should also practice as much as you can in you own time. Read things you like reading. There is bound to be some area that interests you and in which you can find books of about your level of ability or just below.If you want a quick check on how easy a book is , read through three

13、 or four pages at random. If there are , on average, more than five or six words on each page that are completely new to you , then the book (though you may preserve with it for interest's sake) is not suitable for reading-speed improvement. Incidentally, you should try to read three or four tim

14、es as much 'light' speed reading material (whether it is China Daily , Godfather, or A tale of Two Cities) as you do close, slow text book work. You cannot achieve a permanent improvement in your reading speed if most of the time you are practicing reading slowly. Questions:1. The appreciati

15、on of written words must be A. entirely visual B. completely aural C. wholly vocalizing D. all above 2. According to the articleA. Very old people learn to read very fastB. Very young children learn to read very fast C. Very old people and very young children learn to read very fast in the same way

16、D. Very old people and very young children learn to read very fast in the different ways.3. Vocalizing will prevent readers from reading at speed of 4. Which of the following statements is not true? A. When you are reading well, your eyes will be one or two word groups ahead of the one your mind is

17、taken in B. It is sometimes possible to see three words at once without moving the eyes.C. Vocalizing is an obstacle to faster effective reading D. We cannot read more than one word at a time 5. Some students get discouraged A. when they first start reading faster B. when they fail to take in what t

18、hey have read C. when the reading materials are not sufficiently interesting D. both A and B 6. Reading practice material should be A. interesting and not too hard B. suggestive and special C. biographical and illustrative D. basic and choicest 7. One can achieve a permanent improvement in reading s

19、peed A. if most of the time he is practicing reading slowly B. if most of the time he is practicing reading fast C. if he practices reading one hour a day D. if he practices reading two hours a day 8. The author thinks that Godfather and A Tale of Two Cities are A. both interesting and fairly easy B

20、. unsuitable for students C. suitable for students D. both A and B 9. Which of the following statements is true? A. It is possible to check quickly how difficult a book is B. It is impossible to check quickly how difficult a book is C. Students should read things even if they do not like reading D.

21、One can never find books of his level of ability 10. The author suggests that students should practice reading A. when they find suitable books B. as much as they can in their own time C. when they are not very busy D. if they are not discouraged by the reading material Answers: ACDDDABDAB 快速閱讀3 Hin

22、ts for reading practice (part 1) Set aside time each dayMost of us can find 15minutes or half an hour each day for some specific regular activity. It may be a free period or a regular wait, say in the queue for a bus or meal-even while eating breakfast. One famous surgeon always made it a rule to sp

23、end at least 15 minutes on general reading before he went to sleep each night. Whether he went to bed at 10 P.M. or 2.30 a.m. made no difference. Even if you cannot keep to this kind discipline, it is a good idea to make sure you always have a general interest book in your pocket. Don't forget i

24、t should be a book which entertains you and the English must not be too difficult for you. Check your progress through pacingCheck comprehension'Lightning speed' exerciseQuestions:1. The passage recommends setting aside for reading practiceA. two hours a dayB. one hour a dayC. 15 minutes or

25、half hour a dayD. three times a day before meals2. One famous surgeon always made it a rule to readA. for 15 minutes at 10 p.m. each nightB. for 15 minutes at 10 p.m. each nightC. at least 15 minutes at eight 10 p.m. or 2.30 a.m.D. whenever he had a spare moment3. It is a good idea always to carry i

26、n our pocketA. a book you will never forgetB. a serious bookC. several books of various kinds D. an easy and entertaining English book4. A 'pacing' deviceA. times a students' reading speedB. is not included in most speed reading coursesC. is an aid to vocabulary learning D. should be use

27、d whenever we read alone5. Looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutesA. avoids the need for reading fasterB. is not the same as pacingC. is not easy at firstD. helps you to remember the page number you were at last time 6. The passage recommends pacing yourselfA. every two days with different kinds

28、 of bookB. every three or four days with the same kind of bookC. every week with the same kind of bookD. as often as you read a book7. When you are reading a novel the passage advises you to pause to check the contentA. every chapterB. every hourC. every three or four pagesD. after every page8. The

29、purpose of pausing for thought every so often is toA. rest the eyesB. make sure you have not missed any pagesC. make sure you really understand what you have readD. prevent brain fatigue9. If you have lost the thread of a story you are reading , the passage recommendsA. choosing an easier bookB. gla

30、ncing back over the chapter you have just readC. asking a friend to help you with the difficult words D. learning the previous chapter by heart10. The purpose of the lightning speed exercise is toA. increase your normal speed by practicing at a very high rateB. get through the book in half the time

31、so that you can go on to the nextC. help you understand more of the content of the bookD. enable you to win reading races against your friends.快速閱讀四:Hints for reading practice (part 2) Dictionaries slow you down!If you have chosen the right , fairly easy, sort of book for your general reading practi

32、ce, you will not need to use a dictionary for such an exercise. If you really must know the dictionary meaning of all the words you meet (a doubtful necessity) jot down on a piece of paper to look up later. Actually, the meanings of many words will be clear from the sentences around them-what we cal

33、l the 'context'. Here is an example. Don you know the word 'sou'wester'? It has two meanings in English as the following sentences indicate:a) In spite of the fact that the fisherman were wearing sou'westers, the storm was so heavy they were wet through.b) An east or north-ea

34、st wind brings cold, dry weather to England, but a sou'wester usually brings rain.You should have guessed very easily that in sentence a) the word sou'wester refers to some kind of waterproof clothing, presumably quite thick and heavy since it is worn by fishermen in storms. In sentence b) i

35、t is clearly a kind of wind, coming from a south-westerly direction. Incidentally, you would have had the greatest difficulty in finding this word in most dictionaries since it often appears a long way down among the secondary meanings of south. If you did not know that 'sou' meant 'sout

36、h' in the first place you could only have found the word by the merest chance. Pay attention to paragraph structureMost paragraphs have a 'topic sentence' which expresses the central idea. The remaining sentence expand or support that idea. It has been estimated that between 60 and 90% o

37、f all expository paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first. Always pay special attention to the first sentence of a paragraph; it is most likely to give you the main idea.Sometimes , though , the first sentence in the paragraph does not have the feel of 'main idea' sentence. It doe

38、s not seem to give us enough new information to justify a paragraph. The next most likely place to look for the topic sentence is the last sentence of the paragraph.Remember that the opening and closing paragraphs of a passage or chapter are particularly important . The opening paragraph suggests th

39、e general direction and content of the piece, while the closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence of what has been said. Questions:1. The use of a dictionary isA. advisable for speed reading practiceB. unnecessary for speed reading practiceC. essential for speed reading practiceD. of no he

40、lp in improving general reading ability2. You can avoid the need for reference books by A. learning many vocabulary items in advance B. choosing fairly easy bookC. asking a friendD. simply ignoring unknown words3. If you really want to know what all the words meanA. make a note and check laterB. use

41、 a bigger dictionaryC. ask your instructorD. read more slowly4. To understand a general reading book, a knowledge of the meaning of every single word in that book isA. doubtfully necessaryB. absolutely unnecessaryC. absolutely necessaryD. most advisable5. Even if you don't know a word you can of

42、ten get the meaning byA. wild guessingB. working it out mathematicallyC. working it out from the contextD. comparing it with similar words6. Words like sou'wester are often difficult even to find in a dictionary. They my beA. spelled wronglyB. listed under another wordC. only put in by chanceD.

43、taken from another language7. The topic sentence of an expository paragraph in EnglishA. usually comes in the middleB. is most likely to be found at the endC. is most often at the beginningD. is usually omitted in expository writing 8. Most expository paragraphs is English have a clearly defined top

44、ic sentence. In such paragraphs the topic sentence comes first A. in about 40% of casesB. in about 80% of casesC. in about 20% casesD. very rarely9. Some times we know the first sentence is not the topic sentence because A. it does not seem to give us enough new informationB. it is not long enoughC.

45、 it does not come at the beginningD. it does not make complete sentence10. The closing paragraph of a piece of writingA. is not really very important B. is often unnecessary repetitionC. often comes at the endD. often summarizes the essence of the passageAnswers: BBAACBCBAD快速閱讀五 Rivers in the poores

46、t developing countries have shown marked falls in levels of dissolved oxygen-a key indicator of increased pollution by sewage. An estimated 90% of sewage in developing countries is discharged into rivers, lakes and seas without any treatment. To make things worse, supplies of fresh water that might

47、dilute the sewage are dwindling in many areas.Asia's rivers, which are among the most polluted in the world, contain ten times as many bacteria from human waste as waterways in rich countries. They contain far more lead too, much of it from industrial effluents . The biggest cause of water pollu

48、tion in developing countries is sewage, and its most important effect is on human health.Each year, according to the World Health Organization, 900m people suffer from diarrhea or diseases spread by contaminated water such as typhoid and cholera , and at least as many from diseases caused by intesti

49、nal worms . Better water supplies and sanitation would cut the incidence of such diseases dramatically. In terms of the number of people it kills, dirty water is probably the world's most serious pollution problem. Questions:1. The decrease of dissolved oxygen indicatesA. the fall of the poorest

50、 developing countriesB. the increase of pollution by sewageC. the fall of fresh water suppliesD. the worse things2. Contaminated water can cause such diseases asA. typhoidB. choleraC. diarrheaD. all of the above3. The author thinks that A. Asia's polluted rivers contain a few bacteriaB. Better s

51、anitation can solve some pollution problemC. One can find no lead in the Asia's polluted rivers D. Better water supplies would dilute the sewageAnswers:BDC閱讀時(shí)間：正確率：Words:cholera 霍亂diarrhea 腹瀉dilute 稀釋dissolve 分解，溶解dwindle 縮小effluent 流出物，廢水，廢物incidence 發(fā)生率，發(fā)生程度intestinal 腸的sanitation 衛(wèi)生，衛(wèi)生設(shè)備sewag

52、e 污水，污物typhoid 傷寒快速閱讀六 The six senses Are you aware that you actually possess six senses? The sixth is a muscular sense responsible for directing your muscles intelligently - to the exact extent necessary for each action you perform,. For example, when you reach for an object, the sensory nerves lin

53、king the muscles to the brain stop your hand at the correct spot. This automatic perception of the position of your muscles in relation to the object is your muscular sense in action.Muscles are stringy bundles of fibers varying from one five-thousandth of an inch to about three inches. They have th

54、ree unique characteristics: they can become shorter and thicker; they can stretch; they can become shorter and thicker; they can stretch; and they can retract to their original positions. Under a high-powered microscope, muscle tissue is seen as long, slender cells with a grainy texture like wood.Mo

55、re than half of a person's body is composed of muscle fibers, most of which are involuntary - in other words, work with out conscious direction. The voluntary muscles, those that we move consciously to perform particular actions, number more than five hundred. Women have only 60 to 70 per cent a

56、s much muscle as men for their body mass. That is why an average woman can't lift as much, throw as far, or hit as hard as an average man. Questions:1. According to the selection, the muscular sense is responsible forA. the efficiency of our musclesB. the normal breathing functionC. directing ou

57、r muscles intelligentlyD. the work of only our involuntary muscles2.Intelligent use of the muscles means thatA. one always knows what his muscles are doingB. one performs simple actions without workingC. one's muscles are used only to the extent necessary for each action they performD. one impro

58、ves muscular action consciously3.Muscles are unique fibers in that they can A. contractB. stretchC. retractD. all of the above4.Under a microscope, muscle cells appear to beA. textured like woodB. colored like woodC. smooth and redD. short and thick5.According to the selection, more than half of a person's body is composed ofA. voluntary musclesB. involuntary musclesC. muscle fibersD. sensory nerves6.An average woman is weaker than an average man because she hasA. more voluntar