完整版主謂一致導學案

1、主謂一致SubjectVerb Agreement(一)四大原那么1、語法一致原那么：即主語是單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,主語是復數(shù)形式,謂語也用 復數(shù)形式.(即單復數(shù)形式與謂語要一致.)2、意義一致原那么：即主語形式上為單數(shù),但意義為復數(shù),因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；或主 語形式上為復數(shù),但表示單數(shù)意義,這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.(即主語意義上的單復數(shù)要與謂語的單復數(shù)形式一致.)3、就近原那么：即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式,取決于最靠近他的主語.4、隨前原那么(就遠原那么)：“主語+附屬結構作主語,謂語與主語一致(二)分類講解一、語法一致原那么1、單數(shù)主語,不定式,動名詞或從句作主語時,謂

2、語動詞用單數(shù)1 .) A student is_studying English.2 .) Serving the people is_my great happiness.3 .) When we deliver the goods hasn't beendecided.4 .) When and where we will go hasn't been decided.但當what引導的句子做主語,假設后面是 “be名詞的結構時,謂語隨名詞變化.1 .)What you did is_right.2 .)What you need are these dictionarie

3、s.2、復數(shù)名詞、代詞作主語,謂語動詞一般用復數(shù)形式 All the students(is/ are) clever. They(like/ likes) English very much.3、用and或both and連接的單數(shù)名詞、代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語及主語從句 作主語謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式. Both my father and my mother(is/ are) farmers. What I think and what I do(has/ have) been fairly in disagreement. 注意：(1.)當and連接的并列單數(shù)名詞前有each, ev

4、ery, no或者many a等限定詞時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù).No student and no teacher(has/ have) been given a task.Every flower and every bush(is/ are) to be cut down.(2.)當主語由and連結時,如果表示同一人或同一物時,謂語動詞用單數(shù),此時 and后 面的名詞無冠詞.A thief and murderer was sentenced to death.The worker and writer(is/ are) from Wuhan.The worker and the write

5、r(is/ are) from Beijing.4、不定代詞 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；Something(has / have) gone wrong with my watch.Anybody who(break / breaks) the rule will be punished.5、each of/either of./one of謂語動詞用單數(shù).none of /neit

6、her of可單可復,根據(jù)說話 人的意思決定；*但代表不可數(shù)名詞時,用單數(shù)1) ) Each of the students(has / have) a book.2) None of us(is/ are) perfect.3) Neither of them (know/knows ) the answer.4) None of this (worry/ worries ) me.None of this money(is/ are)mine.*neither作形容詞時與單數(shù)名詞連用,謂語動詞用單數(shù).Neither statement(is/are) true.6、“ many a +單數(shù)

7、名詞more than one+單數(shù)名詞1 .) Many a foreigner(has / have) been to the Great Wall.4 .) Many a man(believes/ believe) the story.5 .) More than one man(has/ have) died in the accident.6 .) More than five men(has/ have) died in the accident.7 . Some /a lot of /half of /the rest of/part of /plenty of 7 分數(shù)(%)

8、 +of / the majority of+名詞等作主語,謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于 of后的名詞或代詞的單復數(shù)形式. Two-thirds of the students(come/ comes) from countryside. Ninety percent of the work(has/ have) been done.8 .定語從句中的主謂一致.(1)與先行詞一致.定語從句中主語是關系代詞 who, that, which時,從句謂語動詞應與先 行詞保持一致.1, who(be) your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with y

9、ou.which/as代替一句話內容,謂語動詞用單數(shù)As(is/ are) known, I am beautiful.(3) one of +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句,從句中的謂語用復數(shù)形式；the only/exact one of+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句,從句中的謂語用單數(shù)形式.Tom is one of the students who(is/ are) good at playing football.Tom is the only one of the students who(is/ are) good at playing football.9. 集體名詞 family, audienc

10、e, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, government, the public等作主語時,如果作為一個整體看待,謂語用單數(shù)形式；如果指集體 中的各個成員,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式.The group(is/ are) made up of nine students.The group(is/ are) dancing happily.注意1 ：集合名詞cattle, clothes, people, the police表示復數(shù)意義謂語動詞永遠復數(shù).people民族(可數(shù)名詞,peoples)Th

11、e Chinese people(is/ are) a brave people.Chinese people(is/ are) making our country richer and richer.2. PopulationThe population of China(is/ are) over 1.3billion and 80% of the population(is/ are) farmers.10 .表示時間、距離、金錢,度量衡等復數(shù)名詞作主語,表達一個整體概念時,謂語動詞那么用單數(shù)形式；Two years(has/ have) passed since I left Nin

12、gbo;One million dollars(is/ are) a great sum of money.11 .有些名詞如：fish, deer, sheep, means, works, species,等用作單數(shù)或復數(shù)均可,謂語動詞 隨其含義而定. This glass works(is/ are) built in 1978. Two steel works(is/ are) east of the city . Every means(has/ have) been tried. Many species(has/ have) died out.12 .學科名詞,或 以-ics結尾

13、的學科名稱作主語時,如physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics,acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics 等,謂語動詞通常用作 單數(shù).Physics(is/ are) a fundamental subject in science.13 .成雙成對出現(xiàn)的復數(shù)名詞如glasses, shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, socks, slippers, scissor鮮作主語時,謂語通常用復數(shù),*但如果前有a/the pair of, a/

14、the suit of等詞語修飾時,謂語動詞與pair, suit等一致,用單數(shù)1) My trousers(is/ are) very nice.2) A pair of shoes(is/ are) under the bed.14 .主語是疑問代詞 who, what, which,不定代詞all, more, most, any, none等以及名詞 half, part, the rest等既可表示復數(shù)意義又可表示單數(shù)意義,其謂語視它們所代指的名詞而定.1 .) Which(is/ are) more valuable, health or wealth?2 .) Which(is/

15、 are) prettier, these or those?3 .) We had some paper, but the rest(was/ were) put back.15 .the+ adj.作主語,the+ adj.,表示一類人,謂語動詞用復數(shù),如 the old, the young, the rich, thepoor 等The old(is/ are) taken good care of in our society.The rich for the decision but the poor against it. (was/ were)16 . a/this/that

16、+ kind of +名詞(單數(shù)或復數(shù))作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果主語是kinds(types) of+名詞或復數(shù)名詞 of+ a ( this, that) kind時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式.即 kind(s) of +n .,謂語與 kind一致 n. +of this kind 謂語與名詞一致 The kind of apples(sell/ sells ) well. Men of this kind(is/ are) dangerous .注意：由kind, form, type, species, series 等修飾的主語,其謂語形式取決于這些詞的單復 數(shù),而不是他們后面所跟的

17、名詞. This new type of machine(is/ are) now on show. Some new forms of art(was/ were) discussed at the meeting.17.主語是a large/small quantity/amount of +名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果是 “l(fā)arge (great) quantifies/ amounts of +名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))時,謂語動詞要用復數(shù).也就是說謂語動詞隨 quantity/amount的單復數(shù)而定 There(is/ are) a large quantity of mi

18、lk/apples on the farm. Large quantities of water /coal/bricks(is/ are) needed here.18 . a number of (a group of , a variety of)+名詞復數(shù)作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；Thenumber of(the variety of.)+名詞復數(shù)謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式. A number of workers(is/ are) out of work. The number of the students in our school(is/ are) eight thousand.19

19、 .兩數(shù)相減或相除,謂語動詞用單數(shù)；兩數(shù)相加或相乘,謂語動詞可用單數(shù),也可用復數(shù). Sixty minus seventeen(leave/ leaves) forty-three. Six and eight(makes/make) fourteen.20、假設英語是書名、片名、格言、劇名、報名、國名等的復數(shù)形式,其謂語動詞通常用單數(shù) 形式.“The Arabian Nights " (is/ are) an interesting story-book.The United States(is/ are) on the south of Canada.21.名詞性物主代詞作主語,

20、謂語動詞根據(jù)指代對象而定Your shoes are white; Mine(is/ are) black.His coat yellow; Hers red. (is/ are)三.就近一致原那么謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式決定于最靠近它的詞語.22 .由 or, nor, either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also 連接的并列結構作主語,隨后的動詞形式通常根據(jù)“就近原那么處理.1 . You or she(is/ are) good at English.2 .(Are/ Is) either you or he wrong?23 .以here, ther

21、e開頭的句子,謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式看后面的主語而定,如果主語不止一 個,謂語動詞于最近的主語保持一致. Here(is/ are)some bread. There(is/ are)a pen and three pencils on the desk.24 .在倒裝句中,謂語動詞的數(shù)應與其后的主語一致Such (is/ are) the result.Such (is/ are) the facts.On the wall (is/ are) many pictures.四：隨前原那么25 .當主語后面跟有 as well as, as much as, no less than, alon

22、g with, with ,like, rather than, together with , but ,except, besides, ,including等引導的詞組時,其謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)由主語的單、復數(shù)而定.1. The teacher with two students (was / were)at the meeting .2. E-mail, as well as the telephones, an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. pla

23、y1） They, together with Tom,(is/ are) going to swim this afternoon .2） No one but your parents(was/ were) there then.3） He, like you and your brother,is/ are very clever.4） The teacher, including his students,has/ have going to see Professor Tell.5） Mary, together with his sistershas/ have gone back

24、.高考真題：1. Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. 10 湖南A. isB. areC. hasD. have2. Barbara is easy to recognize as she' s the only one of the women who evening dress.全國nA.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn3. The number of foreign students attending Chinese

25、universities rising steadily since1990.09山東25A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been4. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters,visit Beijing this summer. 09 陜西 7A. is going toB. are going toC. was going toD. were going to5. The teacher together with the students discussing Reading Skills that new

26、lypublished in America. 09 四川 17A. are; wereB. is; wereC. are; wasD. is; was6. Did you go to the show last night?一 Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area invited. 08 陜西 15A. wereB. have beenC. has beenD. was7. A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a weekgood for one

27、' shhea07 江西 25A.show; areB.shows; isC.show; isD.shows; are8. We live day by day , but in the great things , the time of days and weeks so small that aday is unimportant. 07 湖南 30A.isB.areC.has beenD.have been9. As a result of the serious flood , two-thirds of the buildings in the area . 07 陜西9A.need repairing B.needs to repair C.needs repairing D.need to repair10. The company had about 20 notebook computers but