大學(xué)英語四級(jí)分類模擬題498

1、大學(xué)英語四級(jí)分類模擬題 498（總分：118.00，做題時(shí)間：90 分鐘）一、PartIWriting（總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：17.00）I.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will bycommenting on the humorous saying, Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of times

2、. You should write at least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.（分?jǐn)?shù)：17.00）正確答案：（）解析：Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillIt is known to us all that where there is a will, there is a way. A person can probably accomplish nothing without a strongwill. We cant deny that sometimes people can reach a go

3、al by playing tricks; however, that definitely wont last long.People with strong wills cannot be defeated by difficulties easily and they will never give up until they succeed. TakeNobel, the inventor of explosive, as an example, before inventing explosive he took thousands of explosionexperiments.

4、We can name quite a lot of famous people like Nobel, but we can also list some people like the smokingquitters. To them, making a plan is so easy as they dont have to keep it. Therefore, they will never realize it.To sum up, a strong will is an important character people should cultivate since it pl

5、ays a key role in peoples success.The resolute make resolutions once and for all; the irresolute keep making resolutions all for once. To be the winner, tryto be the resolute.二、 PartnReading Comprehension（總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）三、（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）四、 Passage One （總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）Until the invention of the modern

6、 washing machine, most people washed their clothes by hand. Inthe 20th century, however, washing machine became common,and washing clothes became much easier. Washingmachines, though, have some serious disadvantages. One is that they need a great dealof clean water. Another is that, in many countrie

7、s, hot water is used in the machines. This consumes a lot of energy. Inthe United Kingdom, for example, about one-third of household energy is used for heating water, including that used towash clothes.Now, a British company has invented a washing machine that solves these problems by using smallpla

8、stic beads to absorb dirt and clean the clothes. First, a little water is added to the clothes to get them wet. Then, thebeads are mixed with the clothes until they have taken away all the dirt and stains. When the process is over, the littlebeads are removed by the machine, and the clothes are left

9、 almost dry. Because the beads can be used over and over,the machine costs very little to operate.The new machine is based on the research of Stephen Burkinshaw, a chemist at the University of Leeds in the U.K. Fora long time, Burkinshaw has been studying ways to make plastic materials a different c

10、olor. A few years ago, he noticedthat many kinds of plastic, especially nylon, attract dirt in warm and wet conditions, the surface of the nylon remainsclean. For this reason, beads made of nylon can be used repeatedly until they are completely full of dirt.The new washing machine can save household

11、s a great deal of the money they spend on water andenergy. At the same time, the machines are very good for the environment. The United States, for example, uses 1.25billion metric tons of water on washing clothes every year. If the new machines were adopted there, 90 percent of thiswater could be s

12、aved. The saving of electricity, meanwhile, would help decrease the amount of carbon dioxideproduced by power plants. For these reasons, the company is hoping that its new waterless washing machines will bewidely used in the future. （分?jǐn)?shù)： 10.00 ）（1）.What is one problem with the washing machines used

13、in many countries? （分?jǐn)?shù)： 2.00 ）A. Many people de not have enough money to buy one.B. They consume one-third of the water used in homes.C. A lot of energy is required to heat the water they use.VD. They do not get clothes as clean as washing by hand.解析： 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中 .have some serious disadvantages

14、. One is that.Anotheris that, in many countries, hot water is used in the machines. This consumes a lot of energy. 可知洗衣機(jī)有兩個(gè)主要缺點(diǎn)：一個(gè)是需要大量水資源，另一個(gè)是在很多國家，洗衣服要用熱水，這就需要 消耗很多能源。故選 C。（2）_ .The small plastic beads used by the newwashing machine _ .（分?jǐn)?shù)： 2.00 ）A. are separated from the clothes when the cleaning

15、 process has finishedVB. contain enough water and energy to wash the clothesC. stop the clothes from being damaged while they are being washedD. must be taken out to be cleaned each time the machine is used解析： 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。作者在文中第二段倒數(shù)第二句提到 When the process is over, the little beads are removed bythe machin

16、e 即洗衣過程結(jié)束后， beads 會(huì)與衣服分離。故選 A。（3）.What did Stephen Burkinshaw learn about nylon?（分?jǐn)?shù)： 2.00 ）A. It absorbs dirt from other objects in certain conditions.VB. It causes other plastic objects to stick to wet clothes.C. It can be made into clothes that can be washed very easily.D. It changes color when it

17、 comes into contact with dirty clothes.解析： 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段指出 .nylon, attract dirt in warm and wet conditions.故答案為 A。（4）.What is onereason the new washing machines may be good for the environment?（分?jǐn)?shù)： 2.00 ）A. People who use them would wash their clothes less often.B. They could reduce the amount of car

18、bon dioxide being released.VC. The plastic beads from them can be used for other purposes.D. The water in them is recycled over and over until it is dirty.解析： 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。短文最后一段指出 The saving of electricity, meanwhile, would help decrease the amount ofcarbon dioxide produced by power plants.即這種新型洗衣機(jī)節(jié)約電能，這

19、樣發(fā)電廠排出的二氧化碳就會(huì)減少，從而保護(hù)了環(huán)境。故答案為B。（5）.Which of the following statements is true?（分?jǐn)?shù)： 2.00）A. Burkinshaws research has already helped the United States to save a lot of water.B. Burkinshaws research was originally about ways to change the color of plastic materials.VC. The new machines can wash clothes m

20、ore quickly than ordinary washing machines.D. The new machines are better at washing nylon clothes than those made from other materials.解析： 解析 細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)短文第三段中 Burkinshaw has been studying ways to make plastic materials a different color可知選項(xiàng) B 正確。根據(jù)最后一段 If the new machines were adopted there, 90 percen

21、t of this water could be saved.可知選項(xiàng) A 不正確；選項(xiàng) C、D 在文中沒有提及。故選 B。五、 Passage Two（ 總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 71.00）Most people dont leave their front door unlocked, and the same is true of their homeWi-Fi networks. But some believethat preventing access to your wireless Interact actually does more harm thangood. Peter

22、Eckersley of the Electronic FrontierFoundation, an organisation devoted to defendingdigital rights, is calling for an Open Wireless Movement and encouraging people to be socially responsible bysharing their connection.Eckersley compares the current situation of locked-down networks to finding yourse

23、lf thirsty while everyone aroundyou is sipping from nice tall glasses of iced water, and offers a technological solution. Werestrict access to ournetworks for two reasons: to prevent other people from using up our bandwidth, and to ensure our security.He suggests we can still protect ourselves from

24、both problems by usingrouters（ 路由器 ）that share a certain amountof bandwidth in the open while also providing anencrypted（ 加密的 ） connection for personal use, but suchtechnology already exists, and people arent choosing to use it.Perhaps the problem is not technological, but legal, as home users dont

25、want to be responsible for the activities ofothers on their network. Quite understandable, really. But Eckersley says that individuals can enjoy the same legalprotections against responsibility as any other Internet access provider, but the law is far from clear in this area anddiffers from country

26、to country.In a footnote on his article, Eckersley says USlaw may offer protection, but that didnt prevent a man who left hisnetwork open from being called apaedophile（ 戀童癖者 ） by armed police in his living room this past weekend.Courts in Germany have previously ruled that people can be fined if the

27、y allow unauthorised users to access illegalmaterials through their connection, while in the UK disputes over recent changes to the law leave the matter uncertain.Perhaps these legal concerns can be overcome by turning to an unlikely role-modelEstonia, where access to theInternet is a legal human ri

28、ght. The country is blanketed in a network of free Wi-Fi access points in cafes, bars andother public locations, allowing people to easily get online almost anywhere.So who wants to open up their network first?（分?jǐn)?shù)： 71.00 ）（1）.What does the author sayabout the Electronic Frontier Foundation?（分?jǐn)?shù)： 14.2

29、0 ）A. It encourages people to share their networks.B. Its work is about protecting digital rights.VC. It is advocating an Open Wireless Movement.D. Its main business is trading electronics.解析： 解析 根據(jù)題干中的 the Electronic Frontier Foundation將本題出處定位于第 1 段第 3 句。該句中兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的內(nèi)容為 Electronic Frontier Foundation

30、 的同位語，是對(duì)其的解釋說明，其意思是說 ElectronicFrontier Foundation 是一個(gè)致力于保護(hù)人們數(shù)字權(quán)利的機(jī)構(gòu)， B 與此同義，故為答案。 A、 C 是?？怂估膭?lì)人們應(yīng)該做的，D 文中未提到。（2）_.One reason leading most people to lock theirnetwork is_.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 14.20 ）A. their lack of social responsibilitiesB. the lack of technological supportC. their concerns about securityVD. the s

31、low speed of the shared network解析： 解析 根據(jù)題干中的 reason 和 lock their network 將本題出處定位于第 2 段最后一句。該句中的 restrict accessto our networks與題目中的 lock their network 同義。該句提到，人們限制其他人使用其網(wǎng)絡(luò)的原因有兩個(gè)：一是為防止他人用光自己的寬帶流量，二是確保自己的隱私和安全。C（ 擔(dān)心安全和隱私 ） 是其中的一個(gè)原因，故為答案。（3）.What can be inferred fromEckersleys words individuals.Interne

32、taccess provider （Lines2-3, Para. 4）? （分?jǐn)?shù)： 14.20 ）A. Laws protect home users of Internet from responsibilities.B. Internet access providers take no responsibility for their users illegal activities.VC. Home users enjoy the same rights as Internet access providers.D. It is Internet access providers w

33、ho should be responsible for their users activities.解析：解析根據(jù)題干中的“ individuals Internet access provider ” (Lines 2-3 , Para.4)將本題出處定位于第 4 段。該段第 1 句提到，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的家庭用戶不想為使用其網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人的活動(dòng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任，最后一句引 號(hào)中?？怂估岬?，個(gè)人可以享受和其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入提供者一樣的法律保護(hù)，而不必承擔(dān)責(zé)任，由此可知， 網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入提供者是不會(huì)為其使用者承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任的，B 與此意一致，故為答案。(4) .What information can be got about

34、 Estonia from the passage?(分?jǐn)?shù)： 14.20)A. It restricts free access to Internet.B. Free Wi-Fi is set up all over the country.C. It is impossible for other countries to follow its suit.D. Its people can get free Wi-Fi access almost everywhere.V解析： 解析 根據(jù)題干中的專有名詞 Estonia 將本題出處定位于倒數(shù)第二段。該段第1、2 句提到，在愛沙尼亞，訪問互

35、聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一項(xiàng)合法的公民權(quán)利，這個(gè)國家被咖啡店、酒吧和其他公共場所內(nèi)的免費(fèi)無線網(wǎng)接 入點(diǎn)覆蓋，這使得人們幾乎在任何地方都能輕松自由地上網(wǎng)。由此可知，在愛沙尼亞，人們幾乎在哪兒都 可以使用無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)，D與此意一致，故為答案。A 與文中提到的“在愛沙尼亞訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是合法的公民權(quán)利” 不符。根據(jù)第 2 句前半句可知，無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)主要設(shè)置在公共場所，故排除 BoC 是對(duì)文中 an unlikely role-model的錯(cuò)誤理解。(5) .What does the passage mainly talk about?(分?jǐn)?shù)： 14.20)A. The benefit of sharing networks with other users.B. The best way to protect ones security on