3位置首中尾穩(wěn)補全

1、專題二七選五閱讀理解把脈考情.明湧向知規(guī)律年份卷別語篇類型主題語境文章結(jié)構(gòu)選項特征設(shè)空位置段首段中段末2020模擬卷說明文人與社會-酒店叫醒電話總一分完整句子122卷I說明文人與自然身心健康總一分完整句子2302019卷U說明文人與自我保持動力，實現(xiàn)目標總一分完整句子140卷川說明文人與自我-健康的互動交流總一分完整句子131卷I說明文人與自我家庭裝飾總一分從句+句子1312018卷U說明文人與自我-辰練的好處總一分總完整句子221卷川議論文人與社會-對舞蹈的看法總一分完整句子221卷I記敘文人與自我野營經(jīng)歷總一分總完整句子2212017卷U說明文人與社會防止工作時被打擾總一分從句+句子140

2、卷川說明文人與自我-建立生物鐘總一分完整句子131七選五閱讀理解主要考查考生對 文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu) 以及上下文邏輯意義 的理解和掌握。該題型的命題形式是給考生一篇 300詞左右的短文，命題人有目的 地在文章中去除5處信息，并提供7個備選選項，要求考生從7個選項中選出5 個合適的選項對應(yīng)地填回原文 5處空缺處。體裁題材七選五閱讀理解的體裁主要以指導(dǎo)性說明文為主，間或考查 記敘文和議論文。文章特點七選五閱讀理解的文章越來越趨向于不帶標題和段落小標題，也越來越趨向于不帶格式標志（但文章大都結(jié)構(gòu)清晰， 基本都是總分結(jié)構(gòu)。設(shè)空特點從設(shè)空位置上來看，七選五閱讀理解的選項主要有三種情況： 段首、段中和段尾

3、，從功能上來說主要為：一是主旨概括句， 二是過渡句，三是注釋句。能力要求該題型主要是測試考生的兩大能力：一是把握整篇文章布局 和結(jié)構(gòu)的能力，二是把握微觀信息之間關(guān)聯(lián)性的能力。真題再做覇能力知不足A（2020模擬卷）The Hotel Wake - up Call Gets PersonalHere s a wake call: The hotel front desk will do one better than ringing your phone in the morning.They II send an actual human beirypUn room.Don wbrry.The

4、y won t come in and kiss you good morning. 16_Never mind that most travelers nowadays have smart phones with built-in alarm clocks. .17_ Here are some examples.At the Wolcott Hotel, if a wake-up call is unanswerecj they will send an employee to your door.At Las Ventanas al Paraisoan employee shows u

5、p at your room to wake you up with tea, coffee and breakfast bread.At the Mandarin Oriental, a person rather than an automated system will call to wake you up. _18_Hotels have always taken the wake-up call seriously. _19 If you don t get your call within five minutes of the requested time, you won t

6、have to pay for your room.Travelers, too, still want to have an option of a wake-up call.A study of 285 guests at Crow n Plaza found that 53% con sidered a wake-up call very importa nt.20_ In the late 1980s hotels turned to automated systems.Then all you d get was a ring and silence.ln the ever-comp

7、etitive race for loyal customers, however, many hotels are now getting creative with the wake-up call.Some hotels even have recordings of celebrity voices.And more hotels will go back to the old in-person system of wake up calls.A. But they might bring you coffee.B. If you don t answyou ll get a wak

8、ep knock.C. Crown Plaza, for instanee, has a wake-up call guarantee.D. But the wake-up call became less personal over the years.E. The hotel gets 15 to 30 requests for wake-up calls each day.F. The human wakeup call is a way to personalize a guest s stay.GSome guests sleep through the call while oth

9、ers turn their phone ringers off. 答案 16.A17.F 18.B19.E 20.DB（2019全國卷I ）Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “goout and get some fresh air. ” 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camp ing area is good.re away fro37 If

10、 the air you re breathing is clean which it would be if you the smog of citiesthen the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygenf you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxyge n to get to your muscles 肌肉）and your brain.Rece ntly, people have

11、 beg un study ing the connection betwee n the n atural world and heali ng （治愈）. 38_ In these places patie nts can go to be n ear n ature duri ng their recovery .It turns out that just look ing at gree n, grow ing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood（情緒）.G

12、reenery is good for us.Hospital patie nts who see tree bran ches out their win dow are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39_ It gives us a great feeli ng of peace.40 While the sun s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial vitamin

13、D.To make sure you get enough vitamin D but still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to starts worth of vitamiworking, and that s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a dayA. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting fo

14、r?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Hea

15、ling Gardens. 【語篇解讀】 主題：人與自我 （生活 ）；話題：健康。本文是一篇說明文，介紹 了呼吸新鮮空氣和接近大自然有益于身心健康。36. E 空格前一句說我們都是聽著人們說的 “出去呼吸點兒新鮮空氣 ”長大 的，空格后一句說答案是肯定的。由此可判斷 E 項“但是新鮮空氣真的像你媽 媽總說的那樣對你有好處嗎？ ”符合語境。 37. A 根據(jù)空格后的內(nèi)容可知，如果人們呼吸的空氣是干凈的，那么空氣中就 充滿了維持生命的、 讓人充滿活力的氧氣。 如果在戶外鍛煉， 人的身體會學(xué)會深 呼吸，讓更多的氧氣進入肌肉和大腦。 所以本段主要說的是呼吸新鮮空氣的好處， 故 A 項“ 新鮮空氣清潔我

16、們的肺 ”符合語境。 38. G 空格后的these places與G項中的recovery centers相呼應(yīng)，因此G項“全 國各地的康復(fù)中心已經(jīng)開始建造康復(fù)花園 ”符合語境。本設(shè)空類型屬于細節(jié)理解 類。39. C 空格前介紹了接近大自然、看綠色植物對病人的康復(fù)有益，空格后一句 說“它給我們一種非常好的內(nèi)心平和的感覺 ”，由此可推斷出空格處應(yīng)該表達置 身于大自然的好處，故選 C 項“置身于大自然使我們精神煥發(fā) ”。40. D 空格后一句說，雖然陽光會使我們的皮膚衰老并受到傷害，但陽光也能帶來有益的維生素 D。這應(yīng)該是呼吸新鮮空氣附帶的好處，故 D項“呼吸新鮮 空氣的另一個附帶好處是陽光”符

17、合語境，D項中的sunlight與空格后的the suns rays 相呼應(yīng)。 （2019 全國卷 n ）lmagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump ?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin._36_Like the child on the

18、diving board, you will stay un decided._37_ More tha n that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires etc.Only then should you set your goals.You also need to judge the quali

19、ty and depth of your motivation.This is quite important, becauseit is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work._38_ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that mome nt.Clarity （清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setti

20、ng realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keep ing in mind your beliefs, values and stre ngths.Remember that goals are flexible._39_ They also n eed to be measurable.You must keep these poi nts in mind while sett ing your goals.Your pers onal circumsta nces are equally im

21、porta nt.For example, you may want to be a pilot but can t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties , some planned, but most un pla nn ed.You cannot overcome them

22、without ample motivati on. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A. This can affect your work.B. So how should you motivate yourself?C. However, this should not discourage you.D. So why should we try to set specific goals?E. They can cha nge accord ing to c

23、ircumsta nces.F. Motivati on is what you n eed most to do a good job.GWithout motivati on, you can n either set a goal nor reach it.【語篇解讀】主題：人與自我（做事）；話題：有動力的方法。本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了激發(fā)動力的方法：要對自己有正確的評價；需要判斷你的動機的質(zhì)量和深度；設(shè)定現(xiàn)實的目標。36. G 空格前有 motivation and goal setting，而且說它們是同一枚硬幣的兩面，缺一不可，由此可知此處講動力與設(shè)定目標的關(guān)系，故C項“沒有動

24、力，你既不能設(shè)定目標也不能實現(xiàn)它”符合語境。37. B 根據(jù)空格后的“更進一步說，你如何保持動力達到目標？”可知，空格處為比此句層次稍淺的提問，B項“那么你應(yīng)如何激勵自己？ ”符合語境。38. A 空前說，有時候你的心思不在工作上，這樣會導(dǎo)致“影響你的工作”的結(jié)果，故選A。39. E 根據(jù)空格前的goals are flexible可知，目標是靈活的，故 E項“它們可以根據(jù)情況而改變”與之對應(yīng)。40. C 根據(jù)空格前舉的例子，想當(dāng)飛行員，但視力不夠好，你不能因為視力不 夠好就泄氣了，你得把自己當(dāng)飛行員的目標換一下，重新設(shè)定一個目標，選項 C “然而，這不應(yīng)該使你氣餒”與之對應(yīng)。D（2019 全

25、國卷 川）ln an on li ne class, develop ing healthy patter ns of com muni cati on with professors is very important._36_ While I have on ly listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.Students should be able to extend the logic （邏輯）of each to their particular circumsta ne

26、e.Dos_ 37_ Questi ons about subject content are gen erally welcomed.Before ask ing questions about the course design, read the syllabus （教學(xué)大纟岡）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn t hiding in plain sight.Participate in discussion forums （論壇）,blogs and other open-ended

27、 forums for dialogue. .38_ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irreleva nt in formatio n.Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.Don ts Don share personal information or stories.Professors are not trained nurses, finan cial aid experts or your best frie ndsf you are in n eed of a

28、 deadli ne exte nsion, simply explain the situation to the professor. _39_-Don openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40_ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the Ianguage used actually says more aboutthe student.lf there is truly a concern about a professor s professio

29、nalism or abilitysure to use on li ne course evaluati ons to calmly offer your comme nts.A. That s what they are for.B. Tur n to an on li ne in structor for help.C. If more information is needed, they will ask.D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E. Below are some com mon do s and

30、don ts for on li ne lear ners.F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.GAsk questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.【語篇解讀】 主題：人與自我（生活與學(xué)習(xí)）；話題：建立健康有益的互動交流。本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在選修網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程時如何與授課老師建立健康有益的互動交流。這篇文章視角獨特，倡導(dǎo)積極和諧的人際關(guān)系和人文情懷。36. E 根據(jù)空格前后句意可知，E項“下面是在線學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該做和不應(yīng)該做

31、的一些常見事情”符合語境。37. G 根據(jù)空格后的意思推斷，此段講的是要提出好的有水平的問題，故選G項“問問題，但要確保這些問題是好的、深思熟慮的問題”。38. A 空格前說，參加論壇、博客和其他開放式論壇來進行對話，空格后為參加論壇等的一些注意事項，A項“那就是它們的作用”符合語境。39. C 空格前交代，如果你需要延長最后期限，只需向授課老師解釋一下情況，故選C項“如果需要更多的信息，他們會詢問”。40. F 空格前說，不要公開表達對授課老師或課程的不滿，空格后提及，如果授課老師的專業(yè)水平或能力確實令人擔(dān)憂，一定要使用在線課程評價來冷靜地發(fā)表你的意見，因此F項“每個人都曾經(jīng)有過不太好的上課

32、經(jīng)歷”符合語境。枝法點粧析若沬誨枝沬第一講 3位置“首、中、尾”穩(wěn)補全技法1段首設(shè)空類示例（2018年6月浙江高考節(jié)選） _34_ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers.If a neighbor suffers an illness , offer to do the grocery shopping .Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable while still res

33、pect ing the privacy of your n eighbor.A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B. A good neighbor is also one who likes tohelp out in small ways .C. Being a good n eighbor is more or less about con siderate behavior.D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together t

34、o do shopping.E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing carpick it up.F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G. Here are a few tips to help you win over every one in the n eighborhood quickly.設(shè)空特點空格設(shè)在段首，通常為段落主題句或小標題。要認真閱讀空后內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一 致

35、性原則，推斷出主題句或小標題。若不是主題句或小標題，則考慮是承上啟下 句（冷考點）。解題思路根據(jù)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查的是段落主題句。嘗試解答該空后列舉了兩件助人的小事：“幫助出城的鄰居取郵件和報紙， 幫助生病的鄰居采購食品雜貨”，與選項中的 help out in small ways對應(yīng)，故 選B o名師點津解答此類試題時要著重閱讀文中第一、 二句，鎖定關(guān)鍵信息詞，然后在選項中查 找相關(guān)對應(yīng)詞。一般來說正確答案與它后面的句子在意思上是銜接的，所以通常 情況下，這兩句話中會有某種銜接手段。技法2段中設(shè)空類示例1（2018年11月浙江高考節(jié)選）How to handle these diffe

36、ring standards? Easy: Consider your audienceSome people,especially older ones,appreciate a thank- you message 35_In traditional societies, the young learn from the old .But in modern societies, the old can alsolearn from the young.Here s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but thattime-

37、wasti ng forms of com muni cati on do.A. Then there is voice mail.B. Others , like me, want no reply .C. But people still ask these things.D. Don t these people realize that they re wasting your time?E. Won t new tech no logy bring about cha nges in our daily life?F. Face-to-face com muni cati on ma

38、kes comprehe nsion much easier.G. Whe n the telepho ne was inven ted people did n t know how to greet a caller.示例2（2016年10月浙江高考節(jié)選） Do good in your community（社區(qū)）.Volunteering can not only improve your community status, but it could make you happier.Studiesshow that people who volun teer are less like

39、ly to develop depressi on（抑有 E） tha n people who don 33t.For example , if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter.If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter.When you help others it will make you feel better about yourself.A. Live life to the fullest.B. School sets yo

40、u up on the right track!C. Be nice to your parents and teachers.D. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.E. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.F. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.G. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they

41、care about you.設(shè)空特點空格設(shè)在段中，通常設(shè)在語境和邏輯兩方面和上下文有密切關(guān)系的位置，一般考查過渡句和細節(jié)支撐句。注意所選選項要在語境和邏輯兩方面能夠與原文無縫銜 接。解題思路示例1此題設(shè)在段中，中間缺少一個過渡句，注意上下文銜接。嘗試解答 上句 Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message介紹了老年人的習(xí)慣，選項B(Others, like me，want no reply.)與之對比， 指出年輕人與老年人不同。故選 B。示例2此題設(shè)在段中，根據(jù)主題句可知，此處為具體方法，為細節(jié)支撐句。嘗

42、試解答根據(jù)空格處下一句可知，這里舉例說明參加感興趣的志愿者活動， 據(jù)此可以判斷出，空格處為“要找機會去從事自己感興趣的志愿者活動”，故 選D o名師點津(1) 過渡句的解題關(guān)鍵：要讀懂空格前后的句子，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性和邏輯 性進一步確認答案。明確了上下文之間的關(guān)系，選擇過渡句就比較容易了。(2) 細節(jié)支撐句的解題關(guān)鍵：所選擇的句子在語義上一定要和相關(guān)的意群一致。 細節(jié)支撐句有時和上文有關(guān)系，有時只和下文有關(guān)系，有時和上下文都有關(guān)系。 技法3段尾設(shè)空類示例1(2018年11月浙江高考節(jié)選)Some people are so rude.Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks