形容詞與副詞(比較等級)

1、專題三 形容詞與副詞（比較等級）1 形容詞是用來修飾名詞或描述事物的一類詞，它可以用來表示事物大小、長短、顏色、形狀等，例tall, big, high, long, green, heavy；副詞是用來修飾動詞或形容詞的一類詞，它可以表示事物發(fā)生的時間、地點、程度、方式，副詞通常以ly結(jié)尾，它可以由其對應(yīng)形容詞加ly或變y為I加ly得到，例：sadly，really，happily。2 判斷句子中某處用形容詞還是副詞，關(guān)鍵是找出它用來修飾什么詞。是修飾名詞，則填入形容詞，例一：This is a _ ( beautiful, beautifully ) park. 正確的應(yīng)填入前者beaut

2、iful，因為此處park是名詞，應(yīng)用一個形容詞beautiful修飾。例二：He often speaks English very _ ( quick, quickly ). 正確的應(yīng)填入后者，因為此處句中已有一個實義動詞speaks，用一個副詞來修飾它。試比較另一例：He is really a _ ( quick, quickly ) speaker, 該用什么？3一般形容詞直接加ly變成副詞，例：carefulcarefully，strangestrangely。以輔音加y結(jié)尾的形容詞變y為I加ly，例：heavyheavily，luckyluckily。4某些副詞與其對應(yīng)形容詞完全

3、一樣，例：lively，lovely，early，friendly，hard。注意hard加上ly后變?yōu)榱硪粋€詞hardly（幾乎不）。5某些動詞(surprise，excite，interest，amaze，tire，bore)變成形容詞有2種形式，加ed的修飾人，加ing的修飾物，要注意區(qū)分，例：an exciting match, an excited worker, 6形容詞前加the可以表示一類人，例：the poor，the rich，the old，the young，the disabled。練習(xí)：I。判斷以下名句錯誤：1 Mr. Smith is very happily t

4、oday. He cant help laughing now.2 The man is a carefully man. He reads books very careful.3 Kate became very interesting in science last year. She thought it was interested.4 John worked very hardly and later he became an inventor.5 “Sorry. Please speak slow. I cant hear what you said clear.II用形容詞與副

5、詞適當(dāng)形式填空：1 How _ is that road? About 8 metres _. English is _ used for business between different countries. ( wide )2 He is a hard-woking student. He studies _ every day.If we go on cutting down trees, there will be _ any trees on the earth. ( hard )3 Father Christmas isnt a _ person. But in Jims fa

6、mily Mr. Green is _ Father Christmas. ( real )4 “What an _ book!” Tom shouted and he was very _. ( excite )5 _, she was not badly hurt. I think she was really _ just now. ( lucky )6 “What _ news!” Our monitor told us rather _. ( sad )7 “Nice to meet you!” The teacher said to me very _. ( friendly )8

7、 The composition is a _ one. Its _ written. ( wonderful )9 The _ work made him rather _. ( tire )10“Are you _?”He looked at me _. ( happy )11Florence often helped the _ even though she was not very rich herself. ( poor )比較等級1 形容詞與副詞的比較等級有3種：原級、比較級與最高級。原級是指形容詞、副詞本身；當(dāng)A、B兩事物有所比較時用比較級，通常句子中有than一詞出現(xiàn)，比較級

8、通常以er結(jié)尾；表達“最”意義時用形容詞與副詞的最高級，它常以est結(jié)尾，其前面加定冠詞the。2 一般形容詞與副詞的比較級在原級后直接加er，例：strongstronger，nicenicer，hardharder；重讀閉音節(jié)的形容詞與副詞雙寫最后一個字母加er，例：hothotter，thinthinner；以輔音加y結(jié)尾的變y為I加er，例：heavyheavier，earlyearlier；以上所有形容詞與副詞的最高級變法與比較級相同，只不過加er變成加est，例：hothottest，fatfattest。3 兩個音節(jié)（包括兩個）以上的形容詞與副詞的比較級需要在詞前加more，最高

9、級在詞前加（the）most，例carefulmore carefulthe most careful，interestingmore interestingthe most interesting；注意識記一些不規(guī)則比較等級，例：good (well)betterbest，ill（bad，badly）worseworst，manymoremost，littlelessleast。4 Clever有2種比較級（cleverer與more clever），2種最高級（the cleverest與most clever）；slowly有2種比較級（more slowly與slower），最高級同法

10、；以此類推，quickly比較級是_或_，最高級是_或_。5 形容詞與副詞的比較級可以用much，a little, far等來修飾，例：much bigger，a little earlier，far more dangerous。當(dāng)句中限定一個范圍時常用最高級，例：He is the shortest in his class.6 詞組one of（其中之一）后加入最高級，例：one of the largest cities, one of the richest men.7 序數(shù)詞后加最高級，表示“第幾”的意義，例：the second biggest island, the thir

11、d longestriver。兩者程度一樣可用asas句型，中間加原級，例：Lucy is as careful as Lily. They are good at study. 它的否定形式為not asas或not soas，例：He is not so (as) clever as you think.8 兩個比較級用and連接，表示“越來越”的含義，例：colder and colder，more and more，higher and higher；2個音節(jié)以上的形容詞與副詞若表達以上含義，用2個more 來修飾，例：more and more beautiful，more and

12、more dangerous。9 注意一特殊句式表達“越越.”的含義，前后都用比較級，the不可省，例：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.練習(xí)：I。寫出以下形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級（可省略the）tall_；deep_；angry_；early_；cloudy_；heavy_；much_；badly_；free_；friendly_；fat_；beautiful_II填入正確的形容詞與副詞比較等級（不可省略the）1I can jump 3.5 metres. Can you jump _ ( far )

13、than me?2Shes 16 now. Well, she is a little _ ( young ). Im 18.3 Travelling by train is far _ _ ( enjoyable ) than travelling by bus.4 Beijing is really nice. Yes. 2008 is coming. I hope itll be_ _ _ _.5 Taiwan is _ _ ( large ) island in China while Hainan is_ second _ ( large ) island.6 “Mum, this

14、T-shirt is becoming _ _ _ ( small ). Can you buy me a big one?7 Peter is a good runner. So is Bob. He can run as _ ( quickly ) as Peter.8 Mount Emei is one of _ _ _ ( famous ) mounts in China.9 _ _ ( more ) trees we cut down, _ _ ( little ) land we have.10Look at the boy. Hes _ _ in his class. Hes _ than any other boy. ( tall )11How is your father feeling today? Hes much _ ( well ), thank you.12We must plant more trees. The _ ( many ), the _ ( good ).13We can do the