高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力考試A級(jí)-詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)（課堂PPT）

1、1選擇題常考語(yǔ)法:1.時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)2.狀語(yǔ)從句3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞4.虛擬語(yǔ)氣5.定語(yǔ)從句6.強(qiáng)調(diào)句7.倒裝句8. 其他一. 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)(10次)1. According to the timetable, the train for Beijing at 9:10 pm from Monday to Friday.(2010.6)A. was leaving B. is leaving C. leaves D. has leave2. The team is going out to hold a party tomorrow after it the project. (2010.12)A. co

2、mpletes B. completedC. will complete D. will have completed表現(xiàn)階段習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作和存在的狀態(tài)在時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。一. 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)3. By the end of next year, I for the company for 10 years. （2010.12） A. work B. am workingC. had worked D. will have worked 將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某行為之前所完成的動(dòng)作，常與將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某行為之前所完成的動(dòng)作，常與“by the time+句子句子”，“by the end

3、 of +現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)的時(shí)現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)間狀語(yǔ)”。（。（3次）次）一. 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)4. Last week two engineers to help solve the technical problems of the project.(2012.6)A. have sent B. were sentC. sent D. had sent5. The program to help students prepare for their first year at our college.(2013.12)A. is designed B. designedC. designs D. h

4、as designed二、狀語(yǔ)從句(16次)1. The new drug will not be put on the market it has proved safe on humans.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 2010.6,該語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)考了2次)A. if B. until C. since D. when2. Dont risk any of your money in the business you are not afraid of losing it .(條件狀語(yǔ)2010.12, 該語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)考了2次)A. after B. beforeC. unless D. whenNot until ,直

5、到才，主句的謂語(yǔ)通常為瞬間動(dòng)詞。 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有if, unless, so/ as long as (只要), so far as(只要), on condition that(如果), in case, suppose, supposing. 二、狀語(yǔ)從句 (16次)3. people invest money in this company they believe it will make profit.(原因狀語(yǔ) 2011.12 )A. though B. because C. unless D. until4. There was no proof to show tha

6、t Charles had committed the crime, he was set free.(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)2012.12 )A. but B. for C. or D. so還有由 now that，seeing that, in that, for the reason that 引出。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有so that, so,that, sothat, suchthat, with the result that().二、狀語(yǔ)從句 (16次)5. you choose to contact us, you can expect our efficient and helpful

7、 service.(讓步狀語(yǔ) 2011.12 )A. No sooner than B. Ever since C. No matter how D. Even though 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句通常由although, though, however, whatever, whoever, no matter (how, what, etc),even if, even though。三. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(12次)1. great losses in the financial crisis, the company closed down last year.(2012.6)A. Being suff

8、ered B. To sufferC. Having suffered D. suffered2. The company is offering a five percent discount to customers as a way its online sales. (2012.6)A. promoting B. promotedC. to promote D. promotes邏輯主語(yǔ)company和從句動(dòng)詞suffer是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，遭受損失發(fā)生在倒閉之前。as a way to do sth. 作為某事的一種方式，不定式為定語(yǔ)。三. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(12次)3. The proposal

9、 at the meeting now is of great importance to our department.(2010.6)A. being discussed B. to be discussed C. having discussed D. discussing四. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣( 4次)1. Tom might not have made such a serious mistake if he your advice.(2010.6)A. followed B. followsC. had followed D. has followed例：、If I had come he

10、re yesterday, I would have seen him. 、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldnt go out. 條件從句主句現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be的過(guò)去式一般用were） would/ should/ could/ might + 動(dòng)詞原形 過(guò)去had + 過(guò)去分詞 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 過(guò)去分詞 將來(lái)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(did/were)were to + 動(dòng)詞原形， sh

11、ould + 動(dòng)詞原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 動(dòng)詞原形 四. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣(4次)2. Every Monday morning when I am in my small office, I wish I in a multinational company .(2011.6)A. were working B. have workedC. am to work D. work四. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣(4次)Wish 引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在 wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中， （常常省去連詞 that） ， 表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。 1 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望 構(gòu)成：

12、主語(yǔ) + wish (that) + 從句主 語(yǔ) (動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式,be 一律用 were） 例如： I wish I knew everything in the world. 2.表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望 構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ) + wish (that) + 從句 主語(yǔ) + (had + 過(guò)去分詞 )例如： I wish that you had called yesterday. 3 表示將來(lái)不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ) + wish (that) + 從句主語(yǔ) + (would/ should/ could/ might + 原形動(dòng)詞)例如： I wish that he would try ag

13、ain.五、定語(yǔ)從句(7次)1. In fact, there are different reasons people are working long hours.( 2012.6 該語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)考了3次)A. where B. which C. why D. how2. We take great pride in our campus, is one of the most beautiful university settings in the country .(2013.12)A. where B. whichC. what D. whenhow不用于定從，where表地點(diǎn)，which

14、表物，why表原因六、強(qiáng)調(diào)句(4次)1. It was not until yesterday the business negotiation finally came to a successful end.( 2013.12)A. when B. that C. since D. after2.It was because of his good performance at the interview he got the job with the big company.(2010.6)A. so B. whatC. that D. how七、倒裝 (6次)1. Only when

15、we hurried to the airport the business negotiation finally come to a successful end.( 2010.6)A. we found B. did we findC. have we found D. we have found2. No sooner his job in a small company than he received an offer from a big international firm.(2013.12)A. he quit B. he had quitC. had he quit D.

16、does he quit七、倒裝 (6次)1. 省略if 的虛擬條件從句的倒裝是將were, had 和should 移至主語(yǔ)前。e.g. should he come tomorrow, he would help us with our work.2.so, neither/nor 開(kāi)頭。 結(jié)構(gòu)為 So+be(have, 助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)；neither/nor+be(have, 助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)。3. 句首為否定意義的詞。如never, not only, not until, hardly/scarecelywhen, seldom, no sooner than, i

17、n no way 等。4. 句首為 “only+副詞”、 “only+介詞詞組”、“only+狀語(yǔ)分句”時(shí)。18填空題Steps:1. 根據(jù)句子理解句子意思。2. 根據(jù)填空題前后的詞性確定所填單詞的詞性、數(shù)目、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)。近幾年?？碱}型:1. 單詞的名詞形式（出現(xiàn)13次）。 e.g. Employers in a small (organize) are especially interested in individuals with good communication skills. 需要考慮填名詞形式的情況。缺少的部分是句子（從句）的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。1、前面有形容詞修飾。2. 前面有定冠詞

18、 “the”、不定冠詞“a、an、many、any”、不定代詞“your, his, her, their. etc”且空的后面不為名詞時(shí).3. 前面同時(shí)有“1”和“2”的情況。例外：the +形容詞=名詞。organization4. “of”的后面，且其后沒(méi)有名詞 。e.g. The paint on the fence came off as the result of (expose) to the rain.5. “With”的后面，前面可以有形容詞。注意：注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式。Exercise: Model Test 7.exposure 2 . 單詞的形容詞形式（出現(xiàn)15次）。 e

19、.g. Of all the marketing plans proposed at the meeting, this one is believed to be the (practical). 需要考慮填形容詞形式的情況。缺少的部分是定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)。1、在系動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞如“feel, taste、smell、look、sound”后面做表語(yǔ)。2、后面有名詞。3. 前面有定冠詞 “the”、不定冠詞“a、an、many”、指示代詞“your, his, her, their. etc”且空的后面為名詞時(shí). most practical4. “of”的后面，且其后有名詞 。5. “With”

20、的后面，其后有名詞。注意：注意形容詞有原形、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)形式。 有些動(dòng)詞的-ed,和-ing形式可以做形容詞。Exercise (2013.12):1. we make every effort to ensure that our transaction process is safe and that your (person) information is secure.2. It is not (surprise) that this new style of handbag is mainly purchased by young women.3. Sales in the fir

21、st half of the year were (slow) than expected, but they are expecting stronger sales in the second half.personalsurprisingslower 3 . 單詞的動(dòng)詞形式（出現(xiàn) 39次）。 e.g. At the end of yesterdays interview, she (offer) the position advertised in the newspaper. 場(chǎng)合： 1、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。 2、非謂語(yǔ)形式， 動(dòng)詞的-ed, -ing, to +動(dòng)詞。 3、固定搭配was

22、offered 1）.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(主句或從句中的謂語(yǔ) 21次) 動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)，過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在，將來(lái)時(shí) 動(dòng)詞有語(yǔ)態(tài)， 主動(dòng)、被動(dòng) 動(dòng)詞有數(shù)的變化。（復(fù)數(shù)、第三人稱單數(shù)） e.g. The total output of this factory (double) since it was put into operation in 2006. Most of the high school students who (interviewed) yesterday believed that they should continue with their education。 It is reported

23、 that the construction of the new subway (complete) next month.has doubledwere interviewedwill be completed 2）.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 （9次）to do, doing, done;e.g. According to the survey (conduct) recently, 52%of American business people booked their business travel online last year. Please read through the information below before (fill) in your application.I got to the station,