中考英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換解題指導(dǎo)-

1、中考英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換解題指導(dǎo)句型轉(zhuǎn)換這一題型是先給出一個(gè)句子,然后再給出一個(gè)包含幾個(gè)空白處的句子,要求根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的具體要求在第二句的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~來完成。它有完全的句式轉(zhuǎn)換和句子中某一部分或幾部分的轉(zhuǎn)換。該題型主要考查同學(xué)們的語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及句子結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成、變化、運(yùn)用等。其特點(diǎn)是規(guī)律性強(qiáng)、靈活性小,旨在考查考生用不同的句型結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)相同、相近或相反的語意的能力,訓(xùn)練靈活運(yùn)用語言的技巧。從題型上看,句型轉(zhuǎn)換可分為兩大類:一是按要求改寫句子。即按照指定要求將原句改寫成其他形式的句子,如肯定句改為否定句,陳述句改為一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、反意疑問句、感嘆句,對(duì)劃線部分提問等。另一類是同義句、近義句的轉(zhuǎn)

2、換,即要求用不同的句型,不同的語言手段表達(dá)相同的思想。按要求改寫句子按要求改寫句子的具體分類如下:一、肯定句改為否定句1. 改變謂語結(jié)構(gòu)在系動(dòng)詞be, become, feel, smell等,助動(dòng)詞be, have, do 等以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, should 等后加not。如果句子的謂語中不是以上這些詞,而是行為動(dòng)詞,則相應(yīng)地將動(dòng)詞的原形,第三人稱單數(shù)或過去式變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健Ｈ?He has seen the film before. He hasn't seen the film before.He will write the book in two months. H

3、e won't write the book in two months.He does his homework in the evening. He doesn't do his homework in the evening.2. 用含否定意義的詞(如never, nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few等。(1always/ever never, and or。如:He was always late for school last term. He was never late for school last term.(

4、2toonoteither, alreadynotyet。如:He goes to school by bike, too. He doesn't go to school by bike, either.(3allnone, bothneither, bothand neithernor,此時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞仍用肯定形式,但當(dāng)neither作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;"neither nor"連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和靠近它的主語保持一致。如:He knows all of the workers here. He knows none of the workers

5、here.Both of the twins are from England.Neither of the twins is from England.3. 當(dāng)think, believe, suppose等動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語從句時(shí),通常用否定主句的謂語動(dòng)詞來達(dá)到否定從句謂語動(dòng)詞的目的。如:I think they can come tonight. I don't think they can come tonight.二、陳述句改為疑問句1. 一般疑問句。Sam often does his homework in the evening.Does Sam do his homewo

6、rk in the evening?2. 特殊疑問句。I got there the day before yesterday. When did you get there?3. 反意疑問句。Mary doesn't work hard.Mary doesn't work hard, does she?注意:Let's和Let us祈使句的附加問句分別為shall we 和will you。如:Let"s go out for a walk, shall we?三、陳述句改為感嘆句The film is very interesting.How intere

7、sting the film is!It"s a beautiful flower. What a beautiful flower it is!一般情況下,what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句可相互轉(zhuǎn)換。如:How nice the watch is! What a nice watch it is!四、對(duì)劃線部分提問就劃線部分提問,是用一個(gè)合適的疑問詞去替代句中的某一成分,使之成為一個(gè)特殊問句。其方法主要是:先依據(jù)語意選擇相應(yīng)的疑問詞和疑問句語序,句末改用問號(hào)。這時(shí)我們要注意以下幾點(diǎn):(1選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~。(2對(duì)主語或主語的定語提問時(shí),用陳述句語序。對(duì)定語提問時(shí),所修飾的名詞

8、應(yīng)放在疑問詞后。(3對(duì)其它成分提問,用“疑問詞+一般疑問句”語序。如:My grandpa has been in Shanxi for ten years.Who has been in Shanxi for ten years?Lily's dog has lost. Whose dog has lost?Emma bought one dictionary yesterday.How many dictionaries did Emma buy yesterday?句型轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)題廣,部分試題難度較大,這就要求同學(xué)們有扎實(shí)的語言基本功和熟練的解題技巧。對(duì)于按要求改寫句子的試題:首先應(yīng)

9、注意“要求”的內(nèi)容;二是要注意選詞的準(zhǔn)確;三是要注意各種句型的特殊點(diǎn);四是要注意大小寫和拼寫的正確。如:1. The maths problem is too difficult for him to work out. (改為復(fù)合句The maths problem is _ difficult _ he can't work it out.2. The surfers both won first prize in the city surfing competition. (改為否定句_ _ the surfers won first prize in the city surf

10、ing competition.3. I think the fastest way to travel is by plane. (改為特殊疑問句_ do you think the fastest way to travel _?4. Miss Li showed us a picture of the feathered dinosaur. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)We _ _ a picture of the feathered dinosaur by Miss Li.答案與簡(jiǎn)析:1. tooto(太而不能=so that not (如此以致不,所以,應(yīng)該填so, that。2. 從轉(zhuǎn)換后的句式

11、中沒有明確的否定詞not可知不能用助動(dòng)詞加not的形式來完成。再根據(jù)both的反義詞是neither,主語又是the surfers,因此應(yīng)填Neither of。3. 本題實(shí)際上是對(duì)"by plane"提問,改換后的句子只是缺少了"is by plane",因此,該將"by plane"改為"what",后一個(gè)空用"is"。4. 由showed確定要用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),故填were shown/showed。1. The mountain is very beautiful.(改為感嘆句_

12、 _beautiful mountain it is!2. How is the weather in China?(改為同義句_the weather _in China.3. The boy is the most careless in his class.(改為同義句The boy is _ _than _boy in his class.4. He didn't watch TV,his mother didn't either.(改為同義句 _he _his mother watched TV.5. I spent the whole afternoon learn

13、ing English.(同上I spent _ _ _learning English.6. I spent 100 yuan on the coat.(同上I _100 yuan _the coat.I _100 yuan _the coat.The coat _me 100 yuan.7. He has worked in this school since 2 years ago.(對(duì)劃線部分提問_ _has he worked in this school.8. He joined the aray 3 months ago.(改為同義句_ _3 months since he jo

14、ined the aray.3 months _ _since he joined the aray.He _ _ _the aray for 3 months.9. The visitors had a good time in Beijing.(同上The visitors _ _in Beijing.10. He will come back in a week.(對(duì)劃線部分提問_ _will he come back?11. He has never been abroad.(改為反意疑問句He has never been abroad,_ _?12. Don't go al

15、one.(改為反意疑問句Don't go alone,_ _?13. There is little meat in the fridge.(改為反意疑問句 There is little meat in the fridge,_ _?14. Why not ask the man over there?_ _ _ask the man over there?15. How many people are there in India?_ _ _of India?1. John can hardly understand Russian. (反意疑問句John can hardly u

16、nderstand Russian, _ _?2. Tom said to Alice, "Can you help me with the work?"(賓語從句Tom asked Alice _ she _ help him with the work.3. The Red Cross has helped the homeless people in the floods four times since last year.(劃線提問_ _ times has the Red Cross helped the homeless people in the flood

17、s since last year?4. Tom didn't watch TV that evening. He listened to music.(句意不變Tom listened to music _ _ watching TV that evening.5. "Will you go home tomorrow?" the mother asked her son. (保持句意不變The mother asked her son _ he _go home the next day.6. They will move into the new school

18、 in a month. (對(duì)劃線部分提問_ _ will they move into the new school?7. Mr. Smith wanted to know where he could get the information. (保持句意不變Mr. Smith wanted to know _ _ get the information.8. You can do it in class. You can also do it at home. (保持句意不變You can do it _ in class _ at home.9.A ten-year-old boy hi

19、t Mr. White's window with a slingshot. (改為一般疑問句_ a ten-year-old boy _ Mr. White's window with a slingshot?10.Cars can run at a speed of 80 kilometres per hour on China's first cross-sea bridge. (對(duì)劃線部分提問_ _ can cars run on China's first cross-sea bridge?11. Would you like hamburgers a

20、t McDonald's? Mr. Li asked his son.(改為賓語從句He asked his son _ _ would like hamburgers at McDonald's.12. They held the APEC 2005 from Nov. 12-19 in Busan, South Korea. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)The APEC 2005 _ _ from Nov. 12-19 in Busan, South Korea.13.Jack hardly knows anything about the car accident. (改為反意疑問句J

21、ack hardly knows anything about the car accident, _ _?14.We enjoyed the dinner. And we also enjoyed the party. (合并為一句We enjoyed _ the dinner _ the party.15."I'll return the DVDs to Mary as soon as possible", said Mike. (保持原句意思Mike said he _ _ back the DVDs to Mary as soon as possible.1

22、6.Don't throw waste paper on the ground, please. (保持原句意思You _ _ to throw waste paper on the ground.17.It's about ten minutes' walk from my home to my school. (對(duì)劃線部分提問_ _ is it from your home to your school?18.Mary had a wonderful time with her family at Christmas.(一般疑問句_ Mary _ a wonderf

23、ul time with her family at Christmas?19.The university has achieved new progress since six years ago.(劃線提問_ _ has the university achieved new progress ?20.I don't know when we shall start the work.(簡(jiǎn)單句I don't know when _ _the work.21.Tom can't speak French. Jack can't speak French, e

24、ither.(句意不變_ Tom _ Jack can speak French.22.Mike will come if you invite him(句意不變Mike _ come _ you invite him.23. Peter often has bread for his breakfast. (改為否定句Peter _ _ bread for his breakfast.24. I have already received some Christmas cards from my friends. (改為一般疑問句_ you received _ Christmas card

25、s from your friends yet?25. The small boy stopped crying after he saw his mother.(保持原句意思The small boy _ stop crying _ he saw his mother.26. It took me half an hour to go to the People's Square by underground. (對(duì)劃線部分提問 _ _ did it take you to go to the People's Square by underground?27. We mus

26、t protect our earth well. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)Our earth must _ _ by us well.28. Mr. Lee studies Chinese in the university. (改為否定句Mr. Lee _ _ Chinese in the university.29. The children spent fifty per cent of their savings on books. (對(duì)劃線部分提問_ _ did the children spend on books?30. The doctor saved the sick baby in

27、 the end. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)The sick baby _ _ in the end.31. The fish will go bad, so you'd better put it in the fridge. (保持原句意思The fish will go bad _ you _ put it in the fridge.1. They say that Mr.Liu can speak German._ that Mr.Liu can speak German.2. Can you show me the way to the post office?Can you tel

28、l me _ get to the post office?3.People plant many young trees on both sides of the street each year.Many young trees are _ on _ sides of the street each year.4.My parents left home three days ago.They have not come back yet.My parents_ from home for three days.5.They knew something about it only aft

29、er you told them.They knew_ about it _ you told them.6.If you play basketball here, you may break the windows._play basketball here,_you may break the windows.7.This is the most enjoyable journey that I have ever heard of.I have _heard of_ an enjoyable journey before.8. Hot dogs are not so delicious

30、 as sandwiches.Hot dogs are_ delicious _sandwiches.9. Her father bought the car three months ago.Her father _the car for three months.10. It's good for your health to take exercise often._ exercise often can make you _.11. All the books cost me 365 yuan.I _ 365 yuan _ all the books.12.The doctor

31、 put down the telephone, left his home at once and hurried to Jim's home.After the doctor _ the phone call, he left his home at once and went to Jim's home as _.13. At the end of the meeting his bag was lost.He_ his bag when the meeting _.14. I like Backstreet Boys. But he likes F4 better.He

32、 _ F4 _ Backstreet Boys.15. Tom spent two hours in mending the bike.It _ two hours_ the bike.16. He hardly does wrong in his homework.He hardly _ any _ in his homework.17.I will tell you my telephone number after you tell me yours.Please tell me your telephone number,_I_ tell you,_.18. The Indian ol

33、d lady no longer lived there.The Indian old lady _ live there _.19.Jane got to school earlier than any other students.Jane got to school _ all the students.20. My sister prefers reading to going shopping.My sister likes_ than going shopping.單、復(fù)數(shù)相互轉(zhuǎn)換1. The woman is a nurse.(改為復(fù)數(shù)句They are all_.2. Ther

34、e are some old cars behind the house.(改為單數(shù)句There_ old _ behind the house.3. He has a new book.(改為復(fù)數(shù)句_new _.4. Are these your English-Chinese dictionaries?(改為單數(shù)句_ your English-Chinese _?5.Is there a sheep in your uncle's farm?(改為復(fù)數(shù)句_ there _ in your uncle's farm?肯定句與疑問句相互轉(zhuǎn)換1. Mr. Hu taught he

35、r maths last year.(改為一般疑問句_ Mr. Hu _ her maths last year?2.The foreign visitor comes from Russia.(用Australia完成選擇疑問句 _ the foreign visitor come from Russia _?3. Tom has lunch at school every day. (改為一般疑問句_ Tom _ lunch at school every day?4. That dictionary cost him twenty yuan. (改為一般疑問句_ that diction

36、ary _ him twenty yuan?5. Don't you think her radio is too loud? (作肯定回答_,I _.完成反意疑問句1. You've never been out of China before, _?2. You came here together, _?3. There're more than ten pandas on the hill,_ _?4. Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _?5. Don't look out of t

37、he window, _?6. I don't think you can answer this question,_ _?7. Let's ask our teacher for help, _?8. Everything goes well, _?9. She isn't the best one in the class, _?10. You like listening to soft music, _?肯定句與否定句相互轉(zhuǎn)換1. He has already finished his homework.(改為否定句He _ finished his home

38、work _.2.Both of his parents were pleased with the result.(改為完全否定句 _ pleased with the result.3. Don't let him go boating today!(改為肯定句_ go boating today.4. You'd better take it to your office.(改為否定句You'd better_ it to your office.5.The children weren't playing on the playground.(改為肯定句

39、The children_ on the playground.6. All of us want him to rest.(改為完全否定句_ of us _ him to rest.7. Mary does her homework on Sundays. ( 改為否定句Mary _ her homework on Sundays.8. Meimei has to look after her little brother at weekends. (改為否定句 Meimei_ to look after her little brother at weekends.9. I think y

40、ou are right.(改為否定句I _ think you _ right.10. She isn't going to wash anything on Sunday.(改為肯定句She _ going to wash _ on Sunday.簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句相互轉(zhuǎn)換1.The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句The water was _ dirty for us _ drink.2.Does the shop close at six every day?Do you know?(兩句合并為

41、一句Do you know _ the shop _ at six every day?3.The question isn't easy enough for them to answer.(改為復(fù)合句The question is _ that they _ .4. I really don't know which book I should choose.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句I really don't know_.5. I don't know when we shall meet again. ( 改為簡(jiǎn)單句I don't know when _ a

42、gain.6.The man is very strong and he can carry the heavy bag. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句The man is _ to carry the heavy bag.7."Does the girl need any help?" he asked me.(改為復(fù)合句He asked me _ the girl _ some help.8.I don't know what to do next.(改為復(fù)合句I don't know what _ next.9.George has two cabbages. Mar

43、y has only one.(用比較級(jí)改寫句子George has _ cabbages _ Mary.10.We won't have any lessons tomorrow because we'll have the sports meeting.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句We won't have any lessons tomorrow _the sports meeting.陳述句與感嘆句相互轉(zhuǎn)換1. The film is very interesting._ the film is!2. English is very useful._ useful subjec

44、t English is!3. These flowers are so beautiful._ these flowers are!4. The children are singing and dancing happily._ the children are singing and dancing!5. They are running fast._they are running!6. Her sister is a very lovely girl.(1 _ lovely girl her sister is!(2 _ her sister is!7. How beautiful

45、these flowers are!_ so beautiful flowers.8. What a nice box it is!The box _.9. How bright your dictionary is!Your dictionary is_.10. How hard the workers are working!The workers are _.陳述句與祈使句相互轉(zhuǎn)換1.If you don't work hard, you won't pass the exam next time.(改為祈使句 _, _ you will fail the exam ne

46、xt time.2. Don't make any noise.(改為陳述句_ make any noise.3. Will you please read after me? (改為祈使句_.4. Don't look out of the window.(改為反意疑問句Don't look out of the window , _?5. Tom is sitting on the desk.(改為否定祈使句_ on the desk, _.6. Don't let him go boating today? (改為肯定句_ go boating Today

47、!7. Do it like this, please.(改為否定句_ it like this, please.8. Hurry up, and you'll catch the early bus.(改為陳述句_, you'll catch the early bus.9. Let us go and see what has happened.(完成反意疑問句Let us go and see what has happened,_?10.If you let him try and then he will know all about it.(改為祈使句_ ,_ he

48、'll know all about it.主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)相互轉(zhuǎn)換1. We call maths the language of science.Maths _the language of science.2. Where did they plant trees?Where _ trees _?3.The workers built the Green Great Wall across the northern part of the country. The Green Great Wall _ across the northern part of the countr

49、y.4. The teacher made the students copy the text.The students _ copy the text.5. They produce silk in Suzhou.Silk _ in Suzhou.6.They built a bridge between the two islands lastyear.A bridge _ between the two islands lastyear.7. A birthday party will be had tomorrow.We _a birthday party tomorrow.8.Jo

50、hn was seen to cross the street just now by someone.Someone saw John _the street just now.9.Can another way be thought of to keep your wine or water warm?Can _ another way to keep your wine or water warm?10.Too many trees are still being cut down in the USA._are still_ down too many trees in the USA

51、.對(duì)劃線部分提問1. Jim has stayed in the college for five years._ has Jim stayed in the college?2. The twin brothers get on very well._ the twin brothers get on?3. My foreign friends will arrive in half an hour._ will your foreign friends arrive?4. The car near the river is mine._ is yours?5. It's very

52、wet and hot today._ the weather _ today?6. He is looking for a pair of black shoes._ is he _?7.He went to the station to meet the twins last Wednesday. _ did he _to the station to meet the twins?8. Jack has been to Hong Kong only once.How _ has Jack been to Hong Kong?9. We have a class meeting once

53、a week._ have a class meeting.10. They came to ask for help._ did they come _?練習(xí)一答案:1 What a2 What's/like3 more careless/any other4 Neither/nor5 all the afternoon6 paid/for,spent/buying cost7 How long8 It is/has passes/has been in 9 enjoyed themselves 10 How soon11 has he12 will you13 isn't

54、there14 Why don't you15 What's the population練習(xí)二參考答案:1. can he2. if, could3. How many4. instead of5. whether/if; would6. How soon7. where to8. either; or9. Did hit 10. How fast 11. if / whether he 12. was held13. does, he 14. both, and 15. would, give練習(xí)三參考答案:16.aren't allowed/ought to 17.How