關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句（課堂PPT）

1、Unit 5 The Attributive Clause 2關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞先行詞所指先行詞所指 關(guān)系詞在關(guān)系詞在從句從句中作用中作用關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞that人人 / 物物主主語語、賓、賓語語、表語表語which物物主主語語、賓、賓語語, 表語表語who人人主主語語、賓、賓語語whom人人賓賓語語whose人人 / 物物定定語語 (whose + n.)as主語 . 賓語The use of the relative pronoun (關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞)口訣口訣:定語從句三步：定語從句三步：第一找出先行詞第一找出先行詞第二看先行詞在定語從句中的第二看先行詞在定語從句中的 語法功能（做主語、賓語或

2、狀語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀 語）語）第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞31.This is al l _ I know about the matter. A. that B. What C. who D. whether2.Is there anything else _ you want? A. which B . that C. who D. what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itChoose the best answers:44. Please t

3、ake the second chair _ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C. which D. it 6.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 57. The weather turned out to be very good,

4、_ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it6關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞指代指代在從句中的作用在從句中的作用when (=at/in/on /during which) where (=in/at /on/under which)why (=for which) 時間時間時間狀語時間狀語地點地點地點狀語地點狀語原因原因原因狀語原因狀語7n（一）關(guān)系副詞（一）關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。nwhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示地點的名詞。地點的名詞

5、。n例：例：nChina is the only country where wild pandas can be found.nThis is the house where I lived two years ago. 8知識拓展：知識拓展：1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為為“介詞介詞(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的定語從句。的定語從句。Eg: The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel The hotel in whichin which we stayed we

6、 stayed wasnt clean.wasnt clean. = The hotel which/ that we stayed in wasnt clean.9nThe house where LuXun once lived is being repaired now. =The house in which LuXun =The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired once lived is being repaired now.now.10n2. 若定語從句的先行詞是若定語從句的先行詞是地點地點，但定語，但定語從句缺主

7、語或賓語從句缺主語或賓語，用，用which或或that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句，而不用定語從句，而不用where來引導(dǎo)。來引導(dǎo)。 The library that/ which you visited The library that/ which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.yesterday was built in 1990. 11n3. 如果定語從句分別修飾如果定語從句分別修飾point, situation, stage, condition和和case, position 等表示抽象意義的詞，常用等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where / p

8、rep + which引導(dǎo)，意思是引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。 例：例：Ive come to Ive come to the pointthe point where where I cant stand him.I cant stand him. 12n【典型例題典型例題】n1. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. nA. that B. when nC. which D. where 13n2. Life is like

9、 a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. nA. why B. what nC. that D. where14n3. I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.nA. which B. where nC. how D. why 15n4. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days.nA. where B.

10、there nC. which D. when 16nwhen引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞。示時間的名詞。n例：例：nThe time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.（二）關(guān)系副詞（二）關(guān)系副詞whenwhen引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句17 先行詞是time時n若若time 是作是作“次數(shù)次數(shù)”講時，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞講時，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，引導(dǎo)的定語從句，that可以省略?？梢允÷?。nThis is the second t

11、ime (that) the president has visited the country.nI could hardly remember how many times (that) Ive failed.n若若time 作作”一段時間，時代一段時間，時代”講時，應(yīng)用關(guān)講時，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞系副詞when 或介詞或介詞at/during + which 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的定語從句定語從句nThis was at a time when/ duing which there was no radios, no telephones or no TVs.18n1. This is the secon

12、d time_ I have been here.n2. Can you still remember the time _we spent together in our childhood.n3. The first time _he saw her, he fell in love with her.n(1. that /不填 2. that /which 3. that/不填)19n4) We are living in a age _ many things are done on the Internet.nA. Which B. ThatnC. Whose D. when20n知

13、識拓展：知識拓展：n1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以轉(zhuǎn)換為轉(zhuǎn)換為“介詞介詞(in/at/on/during)+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。nI still remember the time when (during which ) I lived in the countryside. 21n2. 若定語從句的若定語從句的先行詞是時間，先行詞是時間，但定語但定語從句缺主語或賓語從句缺主語或賓語，則用，則用which或或that引引導(dǎo)定語從句。導(dǎo)定語從句。n Ill never forget the time that / which I

14、spent on campus. nIll never forget the time that/ which was spent with you. 22n1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. nA. if B. when nC. which D. since23n2. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural a

15、reas. nA. which B. whose nC. in which D. with which 24n3. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.nA. Who nB. WhichnC. WhynD. When 25n（三）關(guān)系副詞（三）關(guān)系副詞why 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。nwhy引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示原引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示原因的名詞，如：因的名詞，如：excuse ; explanation; reason等。等。n例：例：nThe reason

16、why he didnt come to the party is that he didnt want to see Jane.26nWe cant accept the excuse why you were absent. nThis is the explanation why they put off the meeting.27n知識拓展：知識拓展：n1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為換為“for +which ”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。nThis is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt co

17、me here.28n2. 若定語從句的先行詞是若定語從句的先行詞是reason，但定，但定語語從句缺主語或賓語從句缺主語或賓語，則用，則用which或或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。nThe reason that/ which she gave me was not true.29n即學(xué)即用n1) The reason _he didnt come was that he was ill.n2) The reason he explained is not true. whywhy that/ whichthat/ which 30n3) The reason _ he was ab

18、sent was _ he had a bad cold.nA. When, becausenB. When , whynC. Why becausenD. Why that31(四) Way 后接定語從句的情況nway 后面的定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有后面的定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有which/ in which / that /不填不填，如：，如： n I recognized hes from Australia fromn the way _ he speaks. in which ( that / 不不填填)32填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.The way _he exp

19、lained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺狀語缺狀語缺賓語缺賓語缺少主語或賓語缺少主語或賓語: :引導(dǎo)詞用引導(dǎo)詞用that / which / 不填不填(缺賓語時缺賓語時)主語賓語都不缺主語賓語都不缺: :引導(dǎo)詞用引導(dǎo)詞用that / in which / 不填不填33n1. I dont like the way _you laugh at her.n I

20、n which/ that / 不填34（四）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞（四）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 35n1. This is the mountain village _ _ I visited last year.n2. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.n3. This is the mountain village _ _ I stayed in last year.that/ whichthat/ whichwherewherethat/ that/ which/which/不填不填36介詞可后移，此時關(guān)系代詞可以省略n

21、This is the book for which you asked.n= This is the book which/that/不填 you asked for.n但是有些固定動詞短語不能拆開，介詞不能提前，只能能夠放在動詞的后面nEg. This is Xu Jingleis latest movie (which/that) she is looking for.37n1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?nA. where B. that nC. on which D. the onen2. Is this the muse

22、um _ the exhibition was held?nA. where B. that nC. on which D. the one38n歸納：歸納：n關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、主、定、賓語賓語時，選擇關(guān)系代詞時，選擇關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行詞在從句中作；先行詞在從句中作狀語狀語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點地點狀語，狀語，when 時間狀語，時間狀語，why 原因狀語原因狀語) 。39“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞”引

23、導(dǎo)的定語從句介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能是介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能是which （指物指物）whom（指人指人） 40介詞選擇的三原則：n一 介詞根據(jù)從句謂語動詞的搭配習(xí)慣而確定n on which I spent 5 yuan .n for which I paid 5 yuan .nThis is the book from which I learnt a lot. about which Tom often talks41二. 介詞根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣而 確定 nI remember the day on which I joined n the Party.n the days during w

24、hich I n lived here.n the month in whic I stayed n there.42三. 介詞根據(jù)從句所表達的意義而 確定nMy computer, without which I cant play computer games, crashed yesterday.nLearning a countrys culture is like opening a window, through which you can know about that country better.43四. 當表示所有關(guān)系或是整體中的一部分時 ，常用 of which/ who

25、m 引導(dǎo)定語從句nThe old man has two sons, both of whom are doctors.nThis is the house, the windows of which (whose window) are very beautiful.44五. 介詞短語 + 關(guān)系代詞n常見短語： at the foot of ; at the bake of ; n in front of ; on the top ofnEg: They stayed in a big hotel, in front of which was a garden.45六. 名詞（代詞/數(shù)詞）+

26、 of +關(guān)系 代詞n該結(jié)構(gòu)一般引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句， 在從句中一般做主語nEg; The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destroyed again in the big fire.46七. 介詞 + whose n在定語從句中做在定語從句中做定語定語，修飾其后的名詞，修飾其后的名詞Eg: She is the very person in whose pocket I found my lost watch.47n1. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued f

27、or a long time.nA. Of whichnB. With withnC. About whichnD. Into which48n2. The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.nA. In itnB. In nC. In thatnD. In which49n3. Tom received training in a computer for one year , _ he found a job in a big company.nA. After thatnB.

28、After whichnC. After itnD. After this50n4. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _ we gave some bells and glasses.nA. to which B. to whomnC. with whom D. With that51n5. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten n Windows, most of _ hadnt been n cleaned for ten

29、years.n A. these B. those C. that D. which 52n定語從句與其他從句的比較定語從句與其他從句的比較n1. 非限制性定語從句和單句非限制性定語從句和單句/并列句的比較并列句的比較nHe has two sons. Both of_ are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons, and both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons; both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons, both of _are teachers. （ 句）句

30、）nA. them B. whomA A簡單簡單A AA A并列并列并列并列B B定語從定語從53n分析：注意標點符號和是否有連詞是區(qū)分析：注意標點符號和是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句、簡單句和并列句的一個關(guān)分定語從句、簡單句和并列句的一個關(guān)鍵。鍵。 54n2. as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與 it引導(dǎo)的句子引導(dǎo)的句子nThe earth is round, and _is known to all.n_is known to all, the earth is round.n_is known to all that the earth is round. nA. (I)i

31、t B. A(a)s A AB BA A55n3. 定語從句和狀語從句定語從句和狀語從句n(1) This is such a big stone _no one can lift it.（ 從句）從句）nThis is such a big stone _no one can lift. （ 從句）從句）狀語狀語thatthatasas定語定語分析：從引導(dǎo)詞來看，狀語從句中的分析：從引導(dǎo)詞來看，狀語從句中的that that 是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，而定語從句中的而定語從句中的asas在從句中要作一個成分在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。（主語

32、，賓語或表語）。56n(2) Please put the letter in the drawer where he can easily find it. （ 從句從句）nPlease put the letter where he can easily find it. （ 從句）從句）定語定語狀語狀語總結(jié)：總結(jié)：wherewhere前面有被修飾的前面有被修飾的地點名詞地點名詞時，時，是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。57n4. when引導(dǎo)的定語從句與強調(diào)句句型。引導(dǎo)的定語從句與強調(diào)句句型。nIt was October _we met in Beijing fo

33、r the first time.（ 句）句）nIt was in October _ we met in Beijing for the first time.（ 句）句）whenwhenthatthat定語從定語從強調(diào)強調(diào)總結(jié)：強調(diào)句句型：總結(jié)：強調(diào)句句型：It is/was+It is/was+被強調(diào)的被強調(diào)的部分部分+that/who +that/who +其它部分，去掉其它部分，去掉It It is/wasthat/who, is/wasthat/who, 句子照樣成立。而句子照樣成立。而定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在句中要作一成分。定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在句中要作一成分。58n解題技巧：解題技巧：n

34、1. 通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。n2. 題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。陳述句式。n3. 分析從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中分析從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中，缺什么，就補什么：缺主語或賓語，缺什么，就補什么：缺主語或賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；缺狀語，用關(guān)系副詞用關(guān)系代詞；缺狀語，用關(guān)系副詞n4. 注意標點符號和題干中是否存在并列注意標點符號和題干中是否存在并列連詞連詞and, but等。等。59n即學(xué)即用：即學(xué)即用：n1) Yesterday my physics teacher set such a difficult exa

35、m problem _ none of us worked out. nA. that B. as nC. so that D. whichB B 60n2) Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends.nA. which B. that nC. whom D. themC C 61n3) It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema.nA. which B. that nC. when D. on whichC C 621. Ill never forget th

36、e days _ we worked together.2. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3. I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago.when /in whichwhichwhere/ in which幾種易混的情況幾種易混的情況及物動詞及物動詞634. I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5. This is the reason _ he was late. 6. This is the reason _ he gave

37、. whichwhy/ for whichthat/which及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞64 1. Last week , 0nly two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy them. A. None of them B. Both of them C. None of whom D. Neither of whom65 The man pulled out a golden watch, -_were made of small diamonds. A . The hands of whom B . Whom the h

38、ands of C . Which the hands of D . The hands of which66 The newly built cafe, the walls of _are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. A . That B . It C .what D . which67 Thats the new machian_parts are too small to be seen. A . That B . Which C . Whose D

39、 .what68 You will find taxis waiting at the bus station _you can hire to reach your host family. A . Which B . Where C .when D . as69 Julie was good at German, French ,and Russian ,all of _she spoke fluently. A . Who B. Whom C. Which D. that70 (2011四川高考四川高考) That evening,_ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhat71 (2011陜西高考陜西高考) I walked up to the