2012高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(湖北專用) 28 科普知識(shí)型閱讀理解(2)

1、2012高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(二十八)科普知識(shí)型閱讀理解(二)(限時(shí)：25分鐘)(一)How you end a computer session depends on how you use the computer，your views on energy conservation ( 能源的節(jié)約), and what you have been told about how your decision will affect your investments longevity: will frequent starting and stopping cause it

2、s circuits(電路) to burn out sooner? Rest easy，your computer is more likely to be damaged by a virus picked up from the Internet than by being turned off and on too much. They are also energy­efficient: such efficiency has reached the point where most computers place themselves in sleep mode if t

3、hey remain idle (閑置的) for a certain period of time. So your computer will likely slip into sleep mode anyway，even if you leave it on overnight. Sleep mode itself，once a pretty unreliable optionyou never knew if you would be able to wake your computer without having to reboot (重新啟動(dòng)) ithas been vastly

4、 improved with newer operating systems. If you want your computer to consume as little energy as possible when not in use，shut it down. If you want it to consume zero energy，youre going to have to unplug (拔去的電源插頭) it. Your computer can be in only three states: on，sleep or offeach of which draws some

5、 level of electric current.A computer that is “on” will either be actively processing information or sitting idle，depending on whether the user is typing a document，reading e­mail or has stepped away briefly. The amount of wattage (瓦特?cái)?shù)) drawn when the computer is on varies greatly depending on

6、whether it is a laptop or a desktop computer. The latter uses more energy because desktop power supplies are less efficient and require a separate and often larger，power­hungry monitor. It also varies based on the type of work being done: complex calculations requiring intensive processing are

7、more power­hungry，whereas writing or Web browsing consumes far less electricity.()1. If sleep mode goes wrong，what will probably happen to your computer? AIt will consume as little energy as possible.BIt is more likely to be damaged by a virus picked up from the Internet.CIt will have to be reb

8、ooted when used again.DIt has to be shut down and unplugged.()2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text that contributes to the different amount of energy a computer consumes? AWhether it is a laptop or a desktop computer.BWhat kind of work the computer is dealing with.CThe choice of ho

9、w you use your computer. DWhether the operating systems are new.()3. When does a computer consume the most energy? AWhen we let it remain idle.BWhen we use it to do complex calculations.CWhen we use it to type some documents and e­mail.DWhen we use it for surfing the Internet.()4. The reason wh

10、y a desktop computer uses more energy than a laptop computer is that_. Aa desktop computers monitor is separate and often largerBa desktop computer is larger than a laptop computer in sizeCa desktop computer performs more kinds of work than a laptop computerDa desktop computer is not energy­eff

11、icient()5. Which of the following is implied in the first two paragraphs? AFrequent starting and stopping can damage a computer.BA computers longevity depends more on the proper way you use it.CA virus picked up from the Internet is likely to damage a computer.DThe more often you use a computer，the

12、more smoothly it works.(二)As is reported, 113,000,000 Americans have at least one bank­issued credit card. They use credit cards in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to

13、 withdraw or deposit money in different places, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizonits already here. While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers(記錄器)

14、can do much more than simply ring_up_sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return g

15、oods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relie

16、d on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer­analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself. Many

17、 other companies, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas station to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers. ()1.According to the passage, the credit card makes its owner _.Awithdraw as much money from the bank as he wishesBobtain m

18、ore convenient services than other people doCenjoy greater trust from the storekeeperDcash money where he wishes to()2.From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that _.Ain the future all the Americans will use credit cardsBnowadays many Americans do not pay in cash Cit is now more conve

19、nient to use credit cards than beforeDcredit cards are mainly used in the United States today()3.The phrase “ring up sales” most probably means _(Para. 2)Amake an order of goods Brecord sales on a cash registerCcall the sales manager Dkeep track of the goods in stock()4.What is this passage mainly a

20、bout?AApproaches to the commercial use of computers.BConveniences brought about by computers in business.CSignificance of automation in commercial companies.DAdvantages of credit cards in business.()5.It can be inferred that _.Acomputers will bring disaster Bcomputer industry will not develop faster

21、Ccomputers will bring about more convenience to peoples life Dcomputers can only be used in banks (三)Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that mens hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause. The research of ageing on the heart

22、 has shown that womens longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age. “We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20 percent25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age，”said the head of the study, Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University

23、 in the UK. “Within the heart there are millions of cells which make it beat. Between the ages of 20 and 70，one­third of those cells die and are not replaced in men, ”said Samantha. “This is part of the ageing process. ”What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of

24、 these cells. A healthy 70­year­old womans heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20­year­old ones.“This gender(性別)difference might give the reason why men live shorter than women. ” said Samantha. They studied over 250 men and women between the ages of 17 and 80，who are mainl

25、y healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disease. “The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart.” said Samantha.But there is also good newsmen can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise. Samantha stressed that women should also take re

26、gular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age.()1.The underlined word “l(fā)ongevity” in the second paragraph means “_”AhealthBlong lifeCageing Deffect()2.The text mainly talks about_.Amens heart cellsBwomens ageing processCthe gender differenceDhearts and long life()3.According to

27、 the text, the UK scientists have known that_.Amen have fewer cells than women when they are bornBwomen can produce the cells that make the heart beatCthe female heart suffers less loss of the cells as she agesDwomen will never suffer the loss of pumping power as they age()4.If you want to live a lo

28、ng life, you should_.Aenable your heart to beat much fasterBthink about the reason for ageingCtake regular exercise to keep your heart healthyDstop your cells from being lost專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(二十八)科普知識(shí)型閱讀理解(二)(一)1C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句you never knew if you would be able to wake your computer without having to reboot i

29、t可知必須要重啟，故答案為C。2D細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段段首及最后一段可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)正確，而D項(xiàng)在文中沒(méi)有依據(jù)支持。3B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段談到如果電腦一段時(shí)間不用會(huì)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)為睡眠狀態(tài)，這樣耗電很少。最后一段最后一句說(shuō)明電腦在處理不同的任務(wù)時(shí)，用電量也不同(復(fù)雜運(yùn)算耗電最多)，故正確答案為B。4A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句The latter uses more energy because desktop power supplies are less efficient and require a separate and often larger, power­hungry monitor.可以推斷A項(xiàng)是正確選項(xiàng)，而D項(xiàng)表述太絕對(duì)化。5B推理判斷題。從第一段最后一句和第二段的第一句可以推出電腦使用的壽命長(zhǎng)短主要是如何正確使用電腦。C項(xiàng)是第二段第一句直接陳述的事實(shí)。故