翻譯碩士筆譯常用詞匯(農(nóng)業(yè))

1、翻譯碩士（ MTI）經(jīng)典素材 - 筆譯常用詞匯（農(nóng)業(yè)）agricultural and sideline products農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品agricultural commodities農(nóng)產(chǎn)品agro-food systems農(nóng)業(yè)糧食系統(tǒng)air stripping空氣清除an agribusiness specialist農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)的專家aquaculture farming system水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)artificial diet加工的食物biological agents生物因子biological control生物控制breeding cycle生殖周期capture-based aquacult

2、ure基于捕撈的水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖cereal importers人物進口國chemical contaminants化學(xué)污染物chemical herbicides化學(xué)除草劑chromosomal manipulation染色體控制chronic hunger長期饑餓circulation period循環(huán)期coastal plain濱海平原confined aquifer被限制的含水層conservation agriculture保護性農(nóng)業(yè)control diet對照食物control of foot-and-mouth disease口蹄疫防治counter-season vegetables反

3、季節(jié)蔬菜cover crops覆蓋作物crop and livestock productivity作物和家畜的生產(chǎn)率crop failures作物歉收crop residues作物秸稈crop rotation作物輪種crossbreeding雜交育種deforestation rate森林砍伐速度degradation and overexploitation of natural resources自然資源的退化和過度開發(fā)depleted and overexploited areas已經(jīng)枯竭和過度開發(fā)地區(qū)developmental stage發(fā)育階段diagnostic reagent

4、診斷試劑direct seeding直接播種disease and pest problems 病蟲害diversified food production多樣化糧食生產(chǎn)double cropping兩季作物drainage basin排水盆地（陣雨形成的地表徑流和地下水流具有共同出口的區(qū)域）drainage canal排放溝渠dung water糞水early reaction to food crises糧食危機早期反應(yīng)emergency food assistance緊急糧食援助extension systems推廣系統(tǒng)farming techniques耕作技術(shù)farm power c

5、onstraints農(nóng)機等制約因素farm subsidy農(nóng)產(chǎn)品補貼fodder crops飼料作物food chain食物鏈food crisis and implementation of the Comprehensive Framework forAction 糧食危機和綜合行動框架的實施Food Price Index糧食價格指數(shù)food processing, preservation and storage technologies糧食加工、保存和儲藏技術(shù)food quality and safety食品質(zhì)量與安全food security食品安全forest coverage森

6、林覆蓋genetic resources for food and agriculture糧食農(nóng)業(yè)遺傳資源green manure crops綠肥作物input technologies投入技術(shù)integrated pest management practices病蟲害綜合治理方法land degradation土地退化land reclamation開墾荒地low-cost technologies低成本技術(shù)major grain exporters主要糧食出口國market instability市場不穩(wěn)定性mechanical tillage機械松土mixed-farming syst

7、ems混合耕作制度mutation breeding突變繁殖New Stone Age 新古器時代Non-agricultural purposes非農(nóng)用途organic agriculture生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)organic farming有機耕作persistent drought持續(xù)干旱pollution-free vegetables無公害蔬菜post-harvest food losses收獲后和銷售信息primitive society原始社會residues of antibiotics抗生素殘留rural households and communities 農(nóng)戶和社區(qū)slaughter

8、 animals宰殺家畜small-scale agro-processing小規(guī)模農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工small-scale farmers小農(nóng)soil biota土壤生物soil consistency土壤堅固性soil erosion土壤侵蝕soil improvement土壤改良soil micro-organisms土壤微生物soil nutrient balancing土壤養(yǎng)分平衡subsidize food補貼糧食subsistence farmers生計農(nóng)民sustainable aquaculture可持續(xù)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖sustainable food security policies可持

9、續(xù)食品安全政策sustainable intensification of rained agriculture雨育農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)集約化terrestrial and marine ecosystems陸地和海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)國際農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展基金會the World Food Program (WFP)世界糧食計劃署tidal day潮汐日tillage function松土功能transfer and use of technologies轉(zhuǎn)讓和使用技術(shù)undernourished peo

10、ple營養(yǎng)不良的人waterborne disease水源的疾病water carrying capacity of a canal渠道輸水能力weed control控制雜草zero or minimum tillage零耕或少耕Eroding purchasing power through a combination of falling incomesand real exchange rates afflicts the affordability of food, however cheapit has become on the international marketplace

11、.盡管國際市場的糧食那么便宜，收入不斷減少和匯率下降影響了人們購買糧食的能力。The problems of hunger and food insecurity have global dimensionsand even increase dramatically in some regions.饑餓和糧食不安全問題波及全球，在一些地區(qū)甚至更加嚴重。We need to take urgent action to combat pests, drought, andnatural resource degradation.我們需要采取緊急行動，與病蟲害、干旱以及延期資源退化作斗爭。Pove

12、rty, hunger and malnutrition are some of the principal causesof accelerated migration from rural to urban areas in developingcountries.貧困、饑餓和營養(yǎng)不良是發(fā)展中國家農(nóng)村人口加速流入城市的一些主要原因。Progress should include targeting on minimizing the vulnerability to,and impact of, climate fluctuations and pests and diseases.應(yīng)該在

13、盡量減少氣候波動和病蟲害的危害及影響方面取得進展。Natural and man-made disasters can often be anticipated oreven prevented, and response must be timely and effective toassist recovery.自然災(zāi)害和人為災(zāi)害往往可以預(yù)測，甚至可以預(yù)防，必須做出及時，有效的反應(yīng)并為恢復(fù)提供援助。Food prices remained high in many developing countries, and accessto food by the poor also contin

14、ued to be threatened by loss ofemployment, income and other effects of the global economic crisis.在許多發(fā)展中國家，糧價依然居高不下，而就業(yè)機會和收入的喪失，以及全球經(jīng)濟危機造成的其他影響則繼續(xù)威脅著窮人的糧食供應(yīng)。The bumper crop had facilitated replenishment of global reservesto pre-crisis levels.糧食豐收使全球庫存得到補充，使其恢復(fù)到危機前的水平。Investing in agriculture is the

15、key to reducing hunger and poverty.投資農(nóng)業(yè)是減少饑餓和貧困的關(guān)鍵。The increase in hunger is not the consequence of poor globalharvests but is caused by the world economic crisis.饑餓人口的增加并非是全球糧食歉收的后果，而是由世界經(jīng)濟危機所導(dǎo)致。The present situation of world food insecurity cannot leaveus indifferent.我們不能對當前世界糧食不安全的形勢無動于衷。Investme

16、nt in agriculture must be increased because for themajority of poor countries a healthy agricultural sector is essential toovercome poverty and hunger and is a prerequisite for overalleconomic growth.必須增加對農(nóng)業(yè)的投資，因為對多數(shù)窮國來說，健康的農(nóng)業(yè)部門對于戰(zhàn)勝貧困和饑餓至關(guān)重要，是總體經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的先決條件。To reduce the number of hungry people in the

17、world, governments,supported by the international community, need to protect coreinvestments in agriculture.若要減少全球饑民人數(shù)，各國政府需要在國際社會的支持下，保護對農(nóng)業(yè)的核心投資。A bumper cereal crop is expected this year.預(yù)計今年谷物將獲得豐收。High food prices added to the difficulties of the globalpoverty reduction efforts and affected regi

18、onal stability.高糧價加大了全球減貧壓力，影響了地區(qū)穩(wěn)定。保護耕地 protect arable land病蟲害防治 pest and disease control播種面積 sown area“菜籃子”工程the Vegetable Basket Project餐飲業(yè) catering trade產(chǎn)業(yè)化扶貧 reduce poverty through industrial development城鄉(xiāng)低保 urban and rural recipients of subsistence allowances單位面積產(chǎn)量 yield per unit area 滴灌 drip

19、irrigation動植物檢疫 animal and plant quarantine扶貧 poverty alleviation/anti-poverty effort扶貧政策 poverty relief policy復(fù)種 multiple cropping副產(chǎn)品 by-products副業(yè) sideline production改良土壤 soil improvement耕地保護制度 system for protecting arable land耕作設(shè)施 farming equipment灌溉面積 irrigated area國家收購糧 grain purchased by the s

20、tate旱地 arid/non-irrigated land洪澇災(zāi)害 flood and waterlogging集體林權(quán)制度改革 reform of the system of collective forest rights集約 / 粗放型農(nóng)業(yè) intensive/extensive agriculture加強農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場調(diào)控 strengthen regulation of the farm products market減免農(nóng)業(yè)稅 reduce and exempt the agricultural tax 減輕農(nóng)民負擔 lightenthe burden on the peasants

21、建設(shè)高標準農(nóng)田 develop farm plots that meet high standards節(jié)約用地制度 system for economizing on the use of land 經(jīng)濟作物 cash crops開墾荒地 reclaim wasteland抗病 / 蟲/ 旱性 disease-/pest-/drought-resistant科教興農(nóng) invigorate agriculture by relying on science and education聯(lián)合國糧食與農(nóng)業(yè)組織the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)良

22、種補貼 subsidies for superior crop varieties糧食安全 food security糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)建設(shè)項目 projects for industrializing grain production糧食儲備 grain reserves糧食品種 grain varieties糧食直補 direct subsidies to grain producers糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力 overall grain production capacity糧食最低收購價 minimum grain purchasing prices糧食作物 cereal crops綠色革命 Green

23、 Revolution綠色食品 green food綠色證書 green certificate苗圃 seedling nursery民工潮 farmer s frenzied hunt for work in cities奶制品 dairy product內(nèi)陸水域 inland waters農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工和銷售 intensive processing and sale of agriculturalproducts農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管 monitor the quality of agricultural products農(nóng)村公益事業(yè)性建設(shè)項目 rural public facilities 農(nóng)

24、村集市rural fair農(nóng)村居民人均純收入rural per capita net income農(nóng)村民生工程 projects designed to improve the lives of ruralresidents農(nóng)村綜合改革 comprehensive reforms in rural areas農(nóng)機具購置補貼 subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machineryand tools農(nóng)林牧副漁全面發(fā)展 all-round development of/in farming, forestry,animal, sideline pro

25、duction and fishery農(nóng)貿(mào)市場 farm produce market農(nóng)民的積極性farmers enthusiasm農(nóng)民工 rural migrant workers農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社specialized farmer cooperatives農(nóng)田水利化 bring land under irrigation農(nóng)田水利建設(shè) construction of water conservancy works農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 agricultural infrastructure 農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)agricultural technology農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新成果推廣 expand application

26、 of innovations inagricultural science and technology農(nóng)業(yè)科技投入 spend on agricultural science and technology農(nóng)用物資 farm inputs農(nóng)資綜合補貼 general subsidies for agricultural production supplies噴灌 sprinkler irrigation人均占有量 per capita availability“三農(nóng)” agriculture, rural areas and farmers社會主義新農(nóng)村Socialist New Count

27、ry side收購價 purchasing price薯類作物 tuber crops水產(chǎn)品 aquatic product水產(chǎn)業(yè) aquatic products industry; fishery水稻田 paddy field水利設(shè)施 water conservancy facilities水土保持 water and soil conservation水土流失 soil erosion太空育種 space breeding糖料作物 sugar-bearing crops特色現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè) modern agriculture with distinctive local features梯田

28、terraced field土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)transfer of land use rights土壤肥力 soil fertility脫貧 shake off poverty溫飽型企業(yè) subsistence agriculture沃地 fertile land消費信貸 consumer credit小城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè) development of small towns小額信貸 microcredit; microloan; microlending興修水利 undertake water conservancy projects畜牧業(yè) animal husbandry遺傳學(xué)研究 genetic

29、 research議價糧 grain sold at a negotiated price優(yōu)化品種結(jié)構(gòu) optimize the variety mix油料作物 oil-bearing crops有機肥 organic fertilizer雜交水稻中國人口的 70%多是農(nóng)民。More than 70 percent of Chinas population is farmers.推進社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)，我們必須把重點放在發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟，增加農(nóng)民收入上。To promote the construction of a new socialist countryside, we mustfocus

30、on developing the rural economy and increasing farmers incomes.發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，推進新農(nóng)村建設(shè)，我們要靠政策、靠投入、靠科技、靠改革。We must develop modern agriculture and promote the building of anew countryside through government policy, funding, application ofscience and technology and reform.農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民問題，是關(guān)系全面建設(shè)小康社會和現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)全局的重大問題。The

31、 issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers havea major impact on building a moderately prosperous society inall respects and on the modernization drive.堅持穩(wěn)定和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度，堅持因地制宜，從實際出發(fā)，堅持尊重農(nóng)民意愿，維護農(nóng)民權(quán)益，反對形式主義和強迫命令。We will continue to stabilize and improve the basic system forrural operations

32、 and continue to tailor measures to suit localconditions, proceed from the reality, respect the wishes of farmers,safeguard their rights and interests, and oppose formalismcoercion and commandism.我們要鞏固和加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位，促進農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收。We will consolidate and strengthen the position of agriculture asthe foun

33、dation of the economy, promoting steady development ofagriculture and continuous increase in farmers incomes.我們要切實穩(wěn)定種植面積，著力提高單產(chǎn)，優(yōu)化品種結(jié)構(gòu)，推進全國新增糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)。We will effectively keep the area planted with grain crops stable,focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing thevariety mix, and incre

34、ase the countrys grain production capacity.我們要以市場需求為導(dǎo)向調(diào)整農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。We will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand.我們要多渠道促進農(nóng)民增收。We will increase farmers incomes in a variety of ways.我們要加大扶貧開發(fā)力度。We will intensify our efforts to alleviate povertythrough development.我們要較大幅度提高糧食最低收購價，保持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格合

35、理水平，提高種糧農(nóng)民積極性。We will significantly raise minimum grain purchasing prices andkeep the prices of agricultural products at a reasonable level toencourage farmers to grow more.我們要現(xiàn)有土地承包關(guān)系要保持穩(wěn)定并長久不變，賦予農(nóng)民包括離鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)。We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remainstable and unc

36、hanged for a long time to come and allow farmers,including migrant workers who leave their home villages, to enjoytheir full and guaranteed rights to contract and manage land.土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)必須堅持依法自愿有償?shù)脑瓌t。The transfer of land use rights must proceed on the basis ofvoluntary participation and compensation and in acco