賓語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)及答案-

1、賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不需受限制；主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí)；陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化 that 引，一般疑問(wèn)句用 if/whether, 特殊問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一、基本講解1.概念 :在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可做介詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序即：連接代詞 /副詞 + 主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ) + 其他成分eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ) )He asks him how long Mike has been down . (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ) )Miss Zhang is angry at

2、 what you said. (介詞賓語(yǔ) )2.連接詞(1) 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that, that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（在非正式場(chǎng)合that 可以省略）可跟 that 從句做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand,imagine,wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree,admit, deny, expect,explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, requir

3、e, propose, declare, report等。eg:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.She told me (that) she would like to go withus.在以下情況中 that 不能省略1、當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省，但后面的that 不可省。I believe （ that ） you have done your best andthat things will get better2、 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與

4、that賓語(yǔ)從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，that 一般不可省。Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silkcap.3、 當(dāng) that 從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that 不可省。I can ttell him that his mother died.4、當(dāng) it 作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)例句： She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him許多帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

5、經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用it 作形式賓語(yǔ)。5、當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句前置時(shí)That our team will win， I believe 6、當(dāng) that 作 learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí) ;(2) 以 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 ,主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情況下， whether 和 if 可以互用， 但有些情況例

6、外。a.當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓語(yǔ)是只用whether 不用 ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on thepinic.not連用時(shí)， 只用 whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.b.引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或Could you tell me whether u go or not?c.只能用 if 不能用 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 ,if 當(dāng)如果講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句， 這時(shí)不能用whether.1、 if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為 “如果 ”The students will

7、go on a picnic if it is sunny.2、 if 引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)He asked if I didn tcome to school yesterday.3、引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句 even if （即使）和 as if （好象）時(shí)He talks as if he has known all about it.(3). 特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問(wèn)詞；引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?特殊情況：當(dāng) do you think后接特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從

8、句時(shí)，句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞do you think 陳述句語(yǔ)序。(4). 連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句這樣的賓語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)的，賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover,understand, inform, advise等。連接代詞： who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。連接代詞一般指疑問(wèn),但 what, wha

9、tever除了指疑問(wèn)外,也可以指陳述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是誰(shuí)贏得了紅色警報(bào)的游戲么？The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.這本書(shū)會(huì)告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你決定好是買(mǎi)諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話(huà)了嗎?連接副詞有： when,where,why,how，在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。He didn ttell me

10、when we should meet again.他沒(méi)有告訴我什么時(shí)候我們能再見(jiàn)面Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告訴我怎么用這個(gè)新的操作盤(pán)嗎?.None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.沒(méi)有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買(mǎi)到.3.賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)a. 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， 一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制， 根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。you know （ if/whether he has seen the film） ?例如：eg.Dob. 當(dāng)主

11、句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。eg.I didn't know（if/whether he had seen the film.）注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us（that light travels much faster than sound.）4.、人稱(chēng)的變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用a. 從句的主語(yǔ)如果是第一人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句則與主句的主語(yǔ)一致；如果是第二人稱(chēng)，則與主句的賓語(yǔ)一致

12、；如果是第三人稱(chēng)，不用變化。如：“May I use your knife？ ”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number？ ”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號(hào)；主句是疑問(wèn)句，用問(wèn)號(hào)。如：Who will give us a talk? I dontknow.I don tknow who will give us a talk.Do yo

13、u know ？ Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?二、賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化1.2. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 hope ，wish ， decide ，forget ，plan ，agree 等，且主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。eg,She agreed that she could help me with my maths.She agreed to help me with my maths.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面帶特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，主

14、從句的主語(yǔ)也須一致這時(shí)從句可以簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu) ”。eg:I don't know which sweater I should buy. I don't know which sweater to buy.3.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask ，tell, show, teach 等后面帶雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)一致，且從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化來(lái)時(shí)， 從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“連接代詞 /副詞不定式 ”結(jié)構(gòu)。如： Could you tell me how to get

15、 to the park?4. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是find ， see ，watch ，hear 等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ) ”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.附： 運(yùn)用 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 的情況在表示建議suggest、 advise 、 propose;要求demand、desire 、 request；決定decide;命令order 、command、 require;堅(jiān)決

16、主張insist;等動(dòng)詞后跟賓語(yǔ)從句，用（should ）+v （虛擬語(yǔ)氣）Eg ：I suggested that you（ should）study hardHe ordered that we should go out at once虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種動(dòng)詞形式，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的一種愿望，假設(shè)，懷疑，猜測(cè)，建議等含義，虛擬語(yǔ)氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實(shí)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法：1) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在簡(jiǎn)單句中，表示祝愿，命令。如：May you be happy. 祝你幸福。May you have a good time.祝愿你玩得痛快。May the friendship between

17、 us last long.祝愿我們的友情天長(zhǎng)地久。Have a good journey!祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out ！ 你出去！2) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在賓語(yǔ)從句中：動(dòng)詞 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一種虛擬語(yǔ)氣，賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作表示的只是一種愿望、要求。如：I wish she would be on my side.我希望她能站在我一邊。I wish I could help him.我希望我能幫助他。He insisted that all of us should be there on time by a

18、ny means.他堅(jiān)持要我們大家想盡辦法按時(shí)去那兒。動(dòng)詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose后面的從句中， "should"可以省略。如：The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.老師建議我們課后把黑板擦了。He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.他要求學(xué)生每周都要自己洗衣服。3) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在主語(yǔ)從句中：在句型"It

19、 is important (necessary, strange, natural) that . "中， that 后面的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用： should +動(dòng)詞原形，如：It's necessary that we should have a walk now.我們有必要出去散散步。It's natural that she should do so.她這樣做是很自然的。It's important that we should take good care of the patient.重要的是我們要照顧好病人。4) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在狀語(yǔ)從句中：虛擬語(yǔ)氣

20、最多地用在表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句和表示結(jié)果的從句中。在表示與事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，動(dòng)詞有三種時(shí)態(tài)形式，即現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去和將來(lái)。A與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的：If I (we,you,he,they)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 . if I (he,she)were.I (we) should+ 動(dòng)詞原形。He(you,they) would +動(dòng)詞原形。B與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的：If I(we,you,he,they)+ had +過(guò)去分詞I(we)should + have+過(guò)去分詞。 He (you,they) would+ have +過(guò)去分詞。If I were you, I should buy it.如果我是你，我就買(mǎi)

21、了它。If I had time, I would study French.如果我有時(shí)間，我會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)的。If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.如果她懂英語(yǔ)的話(huà)，她不會(huì)找我?guī)兔Φ?。If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.如果你早一點(diǎn)起床，就會(huì)趕上火車(chē)的。If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.如果明天天氣好，我就去買(mǎi)東西。明白了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法就會(huì)明白什么時(shí)候需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣了，在表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的一種愿望，假設(shè)，

22、懷疑，猜測(cè)，建議等含義，或表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實(shí)時(shí)需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。賓語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. wher

23、e was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him. A. thatB. ifC. whyD. how5.I didn tknow _ he will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weatherD. how6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how

24、much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _ . A. who he wasB. who was heC. who is heD. who he is8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I don tknow _ .A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. the t

25、ime to start the movieD. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I illB.have I been illC. I have been illD. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesntsay _.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you

26、know _?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. is the tape14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy

27、crying15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us

28、a talk or not.A.whenB. whetherC. whereD. if17.July didn tknow_.A. where is Tim s fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man isD. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we do19.We don tkno

29、w _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do itB. how to doC. what do itD. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the

30、money21.Did you hear _? A. what did I sayB. what I saidC. I said what D. what I say22.Can you tell me _?A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class23.-Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly.A. when can I get to the stationB. I can get to

31、which stationC. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station24.Could you tell me where _ yesterday?A. did you goB. you goC. you have goneD. you went25.Tom asked me _.A. whose shirt was thisB. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was26.Excuse me, could you tell me _

32、?A. where s the teachersofficeB. where s the bus stationC. what s she doingD. where the post office is27.I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dontknow _.A. she lives whereB. she where livesC. where she livesD. where does she live28.- Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dontknow _.A. where does he live

33、B. where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there29.- Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. what he said30.Have you decided _ for London?A. when will you leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you goingD. when you are going

34、31.Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets?A. where do we showB. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show32.- What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _.A. how egg is friedB. how is egg friedC. How egg friesD. how does egg fry33.Do you know _

35、? A. what it isB. what is itC. who is heD. whose name is it34.Do you know _?A. whose book is thisB. whose book this isC. this book is whoseD. who s book this is35.I don tknow _ now.A. where is my catB. my cat is whereC. where my cat isD. where my cat36. Does he know _?A. what s your nameB. what name

36、 is yourC. what your is nameD. what your name is37. Do you know _?A. which floor he livesB. which floor he lives onC. he lives on which floorD. which floor does he lives on38. Tell me where _? A. is the hospitalB. the hospital isC. is hospitalD. hospital is39. He hasn tdecided _.A. if he ll go on a

37、trip to Wu xiB. when will he go on a trip to Wu xiC. if he goes on a trip to Wu xiD. when does he go on a trip to Wu xi40. Can you see _?A. what he s readingB. what is he readingC. what does he readD. he reads what能力提高練習(xí)1.I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell youA. if;

38、WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If2.I don't know _ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he comeC. if he comesD. whether he'll come3.Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where4.Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how

39、 did he mendB. what did he mendC. how he mendedD. what he mended5.I want to know _.A. whom is she looking afterB. whom she is lookingC. whom is she lookingD. whom she is looking after6. Do you know where _ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live7.Do you know what time _?A. the train

40、leaveB. does the train leaveC. will the train leaveD. the train leaves8.I don't know _. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are oldB. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how oldD. how old the two players are9.The small children don't know _.A. what is their stockings

41、 inB. what is in their stockingsC. where is their stockings inD. what in their stockings10.I can't understand _. A. what does Christmas meanB. what Christmas does meanC. what mean Christmas doesD. what Christmas means11.I don tknow _ he will be back home. A. whoB. whatC. whenD. where12.Could you

42、 tell me _?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in13.Do you still remember _?A. that he saidB. what he saidC. did he say thatD. what did he say14.I can tunderstand _the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had sh

43、e left15.She told me the sun _ in the east. A. riseB. roseC. risesD. had risen16.They tried to find out _ the new train _.A. how far/ had goneB. how long/ has gone C. how far/ wentD. how far / had run17.The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matterB. what the matter was C. what the matter is D

44、. whats the matter18.Can you tell me _?A. what are you doingB. where do you study C. what you were doingD. what to do it19.He asked his father _.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen20.No one tells us_ ， so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should

45、 we doC. how to do itD. what to do it21.Could you please teach me _ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking22._ he ll come or not isntimportant. A. WhyB. IfC. WhetherD. What23.Would you like to know _they will do it or not.A. if B. thatC. whetherD. why24.Where do you th

46、ink _ he _ the TV set? Sorry ， Ive no idea.A./; boughtB. has; boughtC. did; buyD. did bought25.Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years.A. how; anotherB. what; moreC. how ; otherD. what; another26. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA.A. where is he/ has b

47、eenB. where he is/ has goneC. where was he/ has beenD. where he was/ has gone27.Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow.Yes. But if it _， we ll visit the museum instead.A. you have; will rainB. you will have; will rainC. you will have; rainsD. will you have; rains28.I don tknow if he _tomorrow. If

48、 he _， Ill meet him.A. will come; comesB. comes; comesC. will come; will comeD. comes; will come29.I really don tknow if she _ it when she _.A. finds; arrivesB. finds ;will arriveC. will find; will arriveD. will find; arrives30.Can you make sure_. the gold ring?A. where Alice has put B. where had Alice putC. where Alice had put D. where has Alice put31.- When are the Shutes leaving for New York?-Pardon? - I asked _.A. when are the Shutes lea